Drainage of a plot with a high level of groundwater. How to make drainage in the country area: stepwise we understand the features of the work that you need for drainage on the site

In some places, groundwater is suitable close enough to the surface of the Earth. Another problem may be storm rains and water formed during the melting of snow. Excessive moisture causes the death of crops, destroys the foundation of the house and household buildings. Solve the problem will allow the creation of a drainage system with their own hands. This labor-intensive process, in which a significant amount of land works are performed.

All works can be in vain, if you do not create a drainage system in time on the site

Desiraza's arrangement is desirable to engage in the stage of dacha or garden plot. At the same time, the collection of information about the state of the Earth is necessary, professional hydrogeological research and the project of the system are needed. However, most gardeners will permeasiate this stage and create drainage on their plot of a small area independently, based on a specific situation.

What water should drainage drainage?

There are several sources of moisture receipt to the site, and to eliminate the influence of each of them is important. They are characterized by their own characteristics and require various actions to remove water.

Groundwater

Such water have a pronounced seasonal character and appear in spring. W. groundwater There is a source of arrival and outflow zone. More often manifest on sandy soil.

The fact of the presence of groundwater can be installed with wells. It is important to note the level of leaked moisture during drilling and compare with the established level after a certain time after its appearance.

The drainage system must be installed when the groundwater level is below the foundation by 0.5 m. In another situation, the threat of gradual destruction of the foundation and the obstacle to the normal development of plants is created. It is necessary to create a system of channels and drainage pipes mounted at a depth of 25-35 cm. Below the height of groundwater. In this variant, the moisture will be discharged into the lowlands, and the mooring of the soil will be prevented.

Drilling of the control well

Surface waters

Clay soils are one of the reasons for excess water in the garden plot. Such soils are dense, poorly missed moisture. After rainy days, the melting of snow on clay lands is stagnant. The puddles interfere normally move around the plot, the soil slides under his feet, and the roots of the plants are deprived of the air exchange. Hyd, it is covered with a crust, which is not easy to loosen and drag.

Water top level

Rip-cutting - water, which, after absorbing the soil, meet an obstacle in the form of a viscous layer of clay, delaying further penetration. Such a situation occurs on a soil with highly placed waterproof formations, which usually indicates building errors. There are no situations about them when, as a result of rain on the site and in the dilated channels, puddles remain in a certain time, at the end of construction, moisture performs on the walls of the basement.

To remove the rover, you will have to equip the Drainage of the garden plot with their own hands ( optimal solution - System of drainage channels). Protect the foundation from the top of the top level will allow the reverse foldage of the clay foundation with the subsequent rambling. Next, the scene is made, wider than the backfill, and the rave stalls are distinguished. During the work, it is important to exclude the formation of pockets where water could be searched.

Device scheme concrete Gameshet

On the inclined area it is advisable to equip the terraces and concrete retaining walls, along which it is important to place the drainage channels. To confront the ripper on the cottages below the others will allow grounding of the soil, because it is nowhere to dump wastewater. Alternative - to draw drainage through the gardens of neighbors or along the total road to the reservoir.

Budget Options for Reduce

If it is possible to do without expensive arrangement of the drainage system, you can try other events:

organization of Gamesosta;
organization of storm sewering;
nagorno channel device;
waterproofing foundation.

The Nagorno Canva makes sense to position on the slope, next to the site. It is located above, "intercepts" water, removes it to the waste ditch or water.

Waterproofing is carried out at the construction stage of the foundation, laying on top of the base layer of modern waterproofing material. Additionally interior surface The walls of the lower floor and the basement is treated with penetrating waterproofing.

Storm sewage will not allow the waters to destroy the foundation of the house

Drainage types

If none of budget options It does not suit or does not lead to the proper effect, you will have to arrange a drainage of the site with your own hands. On the principle of creation, it is local and common. Local drainage solves specific problems (drainage of basement floors, foundation of buildings). The general is created when draining the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe site or its converged part.

Types of implementing drainage systems

Several schemes of drainage systems were developed on the territory of the site:

Ring. Drainage pipes form a closed outline around the plot, at home. They are placed on 25-35 cm below the level of groundwater. The scheme is rarely used due to the complexity of the implementation (serious depth is often needed for the location of the drainage).
Warred. It helps to remove water from the walls, so it is equipped at a distance from them by 1.5-2.5 m. Drenta has at the same time 5-10 cm below the level of rubble under the floor of the basement floor.
Systematic. Developed and uniformly distributed in the territory of the network of drainage channels. Drains are stacked with a certain, pre-calcined step.
Rady. It consists of a system of channels and drains, combined into a common system, resembling a Christmas tree. Set to prevent flooding.
Plastic. It assigns the rigor and is used in conjunction with a used drainage system when creating a slab basement. Plastic drainage - layers nonet materialsFall asleep in pita and waterproofing. Armature is stacked on top of them, and then fill the foundation.

Methods of installation

The type of drainage system is determined individually, based on the tasks solved on the site. The method of their installation happens to:

Closed. Excessive water through special holes enters drainage pipes through which is reset in cumulative well or reservoir. This removal is well suited for soils with a large content of sand, well-driving water.
Open. On the territory of the site (or around), the channels with walls at an angle of 20-30º are neatly digging, ceramic or concrete water trays are placed in them. To protect against garbage, brought by the wind, the ditches are covered with lattices. To prevent the sinking of the walls of the channels, their slopes are strengthened by stones or plant plants.
Fucking. It is used on loamy soils and territories with viscous clay soils. Drainage pipes with holes are laid into the deep ditches where the belling of sand and rubble is located, collecting water from closely arranged dense soils. The volume of refreshing depends on the degree of moistureness of local soils. The worse they spend water, the more powerful backstage.

The drainage system of the site is created taking into account the slope of the terrain and other indicators

Drainage on the site with their own hands is a network of interrelated channels located on the territory that needs to be protected from excess moisture. Special plastic pipes have holes of 1.5-5mm, through which from the soil comes excessive moisture. Pipes are turned into several filtering layers, the number of which depends on the composition of the soil. For clay soils, tubes with three layers of filtering textiles are used.

Diameter plastic pipes For private houses - up to 100mm, when a significant moisture is assigned to 150mm. In places of their compound and turning, revision wells are installed. Such elements facilitate cleaning when clogged and allow you to monitor the system. Water flows into a single catchment well or reset (reservoir, ravine). Replace a special collector well can a concrete ring where pipes are displayed. In this case, it is important to provide a rings cover to prevent garbage from entering.

Drainage pipes

Pipes for the drainage system can be purchased in the finished form or create your own hands. If there is no material opportunity to buy these components of the drainage, will be helped plastic bottles. They are durable, so the system based on them will last at least 50 years. When creating a pipe in the back of the bottle, the hole is cut out where the neck of the next bottle is inserted. In another embodiment, the bottle is simply fitted with each other with tightly closed corks.

The laying of drainage pipes is carried out according to the scheme, taking into account the slope of the site

From the set made by this method of bottles is formed closed drainage systemwhich creates an air pad in the trench. On the bottom of the trench, the sand is pre-falling asleep. To work the system, you should position next to several pipes made in this way. From above, the rows of pipes from bottles are preferably noted by geotextiles. Water takes place in the gaps between adjacent bottles.

Create a drainage tube from the sewer. Holes to penetrate moisture will allow "Bulgarian" in it. In the pipe make feeds with a length of 10-20 cm, distributing the holes evenly on the surface.

It is important to provide a certain number of propyls to sewage pipe did not lose strength. The width of the holes should be up to 5 mm, the distance between them is no more than 50 cm.

Make holes will also allow drill. It is important to provide for their diameter to be less than the fraction of falling asleep rubble (otherwise it will fall into the pipe). Distance between holes - up to 10 cm.

Bias

The assembled water is easily flowing in gravity at a properly selected slope of the drainage system. Its minimum value - 2mm on the pipe memory meter of the pipe, the maximum - 5mm. When drainageing a shallow downstream, the slope is set to 1-3cm per meter. For high speed Water movements are sucking fine particles of soil, which causes pipes.

Drainage of the site will allow all plants to develop normally

The change in the standard slope is possible in such situations:

an increase in the slope is carried out when it is necessary to take a large amount of water per unit of time without increasing the diameter of the drain;
reducing the slope is advisable if you want to avoid the backup when laying pipes below groundwater.

Montage drain

Preparation for mounting drainage around garden House Requires trenches of the specified dimensions with approximate observance of the slope. The bottom of the trenches is aligned, covered with a layer of coarse river sand (about 100mm), neatly tamper.

The prepared sand is covered with geotextiles, whose canvas lines along the walls of the trench. Next comes a layer of granite rubble height of 150-250mm (on loam - 250mm, on sandy soils - 150mm). Its fraction depends on the diameter of the holes in the drainage pipes: for the holes with a diameter of 1.5 mm, the crushed stone fraction is 6-8mm, for others - larger.

Crushed stone neatly aligns under the required slope, compacted, after which the drainage pipe is stacked on the formed "pillow". It falls asleep in gravel in several layers, each of them will be tamped (at least 100mm gravel should be over the drainage). The ends of geotextiles are wrapped in such a way that the reheat makes about 20 cm. It is covered by large-scale sand at a height of 100-300cm. The layer of "native" land is put on the compacted coating.

Make drainage important from the lowest place in the territory where the collector well is pre-installed. With a high level of surface and groundwater in the equipped dutches, water will be accumulated, forming a fluid mix in connection with a clay.

Drainage can be performed using ceramic or PVC pipe. Drainage system diagram in these cases is similar

Finding into the well, it can provoke blockages. In addition, the accumulated water interferes with the work on the installation of DRET, since the ditches should be dry. Temporarily remove the water will allow the side aparts with a rubble.

Materials for snowpad

During the arrangement of the drain, it is important to competently approach the selection of nonmetallic materials acting as a backfill. Crushed stone must be granite, or solid unless. Marble and dolomite (lime) to create drainage pillows are not used, since they are affected by moisture. Crushed stone should be washed, so that the pipes do not stick.

Order from producers washed crushed the desired view And the fraction is not a problem. However, how to determine whether there is already an existing crushed stone for the drain? It is enough to drop the vinegar on it and determine whether the reaction will arise. With the appearance of hissing and foam, such non-metallic material cannot be used (refers to a group of limestones).

In the selection of sand, a preference is preferred by a coarse-grained fraction with a size of 0.5-1mm. To determine its purity, pour some part of water, shake and evaluate the transparency of the fluid when the sand is mounted. Muddy water suggests that sand requires washing. Many modern suppliers of non-metallic materials are ready to provide high-quality, pre-moth sand in any volume.

Properly equipped drainage on clay soil will noticeably improve the state of the land, it will help to avoid clad under the legs after the melting of snow and abundant precipitation. He will serve without repair not one dozen years, will make it possible to engage in gardening in her pleasure. If you wish, you can develop a landscape design that disguises or favorably beat the drainage system.

Not everyone is destined to become the owner of the household site on a flat, open and at the same time dry terrain. Plots S. high levels Sliding groundwater, with a threat of flooding are not very convenient for the development, but not a reason for grief. The drainage duty device or a whole system of groundwater removal will help get rid of this problem.

Drainage drank device around the house

Drainage is the process of drying the soil on swamp areas, the withdrawal of excess water from the soil. The system of pipes, trenches, wells mounted for these purposes is still called. Why is it needed?

Drainage systems are a reasonable engineering solution that allows you to get rid of groundwater problems on panstone. Usually, the territories of the horticultural cooperatives and the settlers with individual buildings are protected from sublopulations of the drainage ditch, in which the pipe is laid, with the possibility of a lead collected water In a lower place.

It is possible to build protective structures in the country with your own hands, but it is necessary to do this before the start of improvement. Drainage ditch, pipe, well, drainage - these elements create a system of drainage on the site.

Installing a well for a drainage device on the site

To strengthen them, you will need a large number of Earthworks, both with their own hands, possibly, with the use of special equipment.

Drainage types in the country area

The water lead in the countrywide is a network of pipes and channels interconnected, which are arranged so as to make the most conveniently assembled and remove the excess water from buildings, yard, vegetable garden, and thereby strengthen these objects. If the drainage is done correctly, the surface waters will in no way be able to harm the foundation, the possibility of the appearance of mold and fungi will disappear.

Before starting work on the improvement in the area, it is necessary to determine the degree of threat of flooding, their capabilities and choose the drainage system necessary and the most appropriate for this case.

Open or surface drainage

The most simple system is the system.

Design of open drainage ditch from granite cobblestones

Large-scale earthworks are not required here, sufficiently dug around the territory of the canvas, in which the rainstream pipe drains its water, flow rain flows, and irrigation.

Depth drainage system

A more complex option that is needed on a plot with a high level of groundwater, located in lowlands, and will not be superfluous on clay and drigly territories. The basis of such a drainage is a drain - a pipe that is laid in a trench at a certain depth. The trench leads to a waterborne well or a larger diameter collector tube.

Vertical drainage

This construction in the form of several wells located around the building. Water collected in them is repulsed by the pump. In order to make such a drainage system, engineering calculations are needed, projecting.

Scheme for mounting vertical drainage wells

Raewater system

Complex view of hydro-eleiotic structures. Consists of pipes and wells. Built mainly in large areas or on the industrial site.

Device of open drainage

The easiest variant of the drainage in the country is open drainage systems. They are divided into two types: Spot and linear. Points are rain-seekers that are fixed in places where it ends.

Such rains are usually completed with grilles for garbage collection. Linear version of the open drainage is a drainage ditch.

The most simple drainage systems make it easy. Art of creation engineering communications Ancient Romans owned. The version of the Roman drainage is used in some farms and so on. Ancient engineers have come up with strengthening the estates with bunches of thick rods who prevented sprinkling.

Option of the device of open drainage ditch

Make such a simple strengthening with your own hands simply, the pipe is not needed here, but it can stop 15 years.
Stages of creating a drainage trench on the plot:

The nine plot is able to create many problems with its owners. In the overwhelmed soil, the foundation of the house is destroyed faster, the roots of the plants are rotated from the lack of air. Fertile soil in a short time turns into an unsuitable clay, because the lighter is washed into the reservoirs. Such problems solve the drainage device.

Installation of a similar reclamation system is low, but all work is quite laborious, so you must first make sure that the problem lies at a high level of groundwater passage, and not in other errors of agrotechnology.

How to determine the level of groundwater

The device of the drying system will be needed in the following cases:

The plot is on the slope. Telle or stormwater will break the soil by carrying out a layer of humus. The problem solves proofing of transverse drainage datals.
The site is located in Lyunka. In this case, the moisture accumulates right on it. With protracted rains or friendly melting of the soil, the soil will be poured and sculpted, and the buildings of collapse from mold. In this case, the installation of drainage channels is necessary throughout the perimeter of the site and around the foundation.
There is no explicit height difference on the site, but water is still worthwhile in the flood and rainy weather. She has no place to drain, so the moisture is slowly absorbed and sometimes performs on the surface in the form of a long-dry lug.

The last option is characteristic of plain low-rigid network of large and small river. He is well a sign of land owners in the floodplains of rivers.

If there are no obvious features listed above, but plantings and buildings still suffer from high humidity, it is worth paying attention to the state of lawn and trees. If the lawn periodically spares, and adult trees are dying without a visible reason, the problem most likely lies in highly standing waters.

Drop a hole with a depth of 0.5-0.7 m and after a while check if the water is not recruited. If you saw the water, then the level of it is less than 1 meter, and the drainage of the country area will be unambiguous.

Drainage types

Drainage is called a system of shallow ditch to remove groundwater. The drainage system established for all rules is capable of significantly lowering their level. After its device, the problems of rotting the roots in the trees, the appearance of mold in the subfield and water in the cellar.

There are two types of drainage systems - superficial and deep.

The first option is the easiest way to remove precipitation. It is a complex of reporting trenches dug around the perimeter land plot Under a slope. With their help, it is possible to relatively quickly, with minimal cost and effectively remove the molten and rainstreams in a special waterball, which is suitable in the lowest location of the site. The drains from the waters are removed into the storm, or used for irrigation. Small volumes of fluid evaporates themselves.

Installation of the deep system is more complicated, but superior to the surface in the following cases:

underground waters rise above the half-meter from the surface;
the plot is on the slope;
the soil prevails clay.

The deep drainage differs from the surface presence of drain - pipes with frequent holes, through which water is assembled, as well as, sandwickers and other technological elements.

The deep drainage of the site is completely hidden under the ground and does not spoil the landscape.

Installation of the drainage system of the depth type

The water removal system from the site is not difficult to do independently, but it is necessary to plan its installation before the stage of building the foundation and the garden laying. First conduct preparatory work. Prepare the project and notes in it:

height differences on the site;
the location of the lowest point;
drainage grooves;
places for wells;
depth of laying pipes.

For efficient drainage work, the minimum bias should be at least one centimeter on the pipe memory meter of the pipe.

Finishing preparatory work All should be prepared required tools, Materials and calculate their number. Standard set includes:

pipes with perforation of suitable size;
drainage wells;
components for the junction of DRET - various clutches and fittings;
geecan;
sand and crushed stone.

There are pipes for laying drainage on the plot with your own hands. Suitable asbetic, polyvinyl chloride, ceramic. Popular materials made of modern porous materials - plasto concrete, ceramzitone. Through the pores, water seeps, and small solid particles do not pass, that is, they do not climb the system.

Also prepare the tools in advance: bayonet and sovelave shovels, soil cars, for cutting pipes, construction level.

Next place the location of all elements on the ground. Then, in the marked places, the trenches of a depth of at least 0.7 m and about a half-meter width. When all channels are dug, you should make sure that they have the necessary bias throughout. Places where wells will be located, plundered more.

When all trenches are ready, the bottom of the grooves and wells are trambed, fall asleep with a layer of sand and compact once again. Then they laid geotextiles in such a way as to wrap it around the pipe with a margin.

Crushed stone pounded on geotextile and stacked the pipes so that the holes are below. The entire system is connected, once again check the bias and finally fall asleep with rubble. It should cover the pipe completely. Then the free edges of the fabric wrap inside. As a result, it should be a kind of roll with a pipe in the center.

Layers of fabric, sand and rubble interfere with the system of system, significantly extended its service life.

In places of pipe compounds, drainage (revision) wells are installed. They are designed to control the status and cleaning. Mounted just below the level of pipes. At the top for the convenience of service have a removable cover.

After assembling pipes and wells in a single complex at the bottom of the site, a collector well is installed. It is the main storage device. Most often collectors are made from reinforced concrete rings, but if desired, prepare and install ready-made plastic. From the collector it is necessary to provide stock in storm sewer or reservoir.

How to hide drainage underground and at the same time decorate the plot

On this mounting work For the device in the country, you can be finished with your own hands. Now the entire system should be filled to hide her underground completely. Flip trenches are blushed by turf. In the future, flowers or any garden crops with a shallow root of the root system are planted at this place. I wonder the grooves, covered with a large marble crumb. Such elements landscape design Decorate the plot and will not allow the location of the pipes in the case of repair work.

The drainage system of waters is usually combined with drainage. For this, the chute connecting the drain with the nearest well, or the rain-seeker.

Drainage device closed type in the country area is not the easiest, but the most effective method lower the level of groundwater. Some actions may seem too time-consuming or painstile, but the result in the form of a dry foundation and a healthy garden will delight for many years.

Drainage of the site do it yourself - video

The accumulation of wax or precipitated waters in the site leads to many unpleasant consequences. To solve this problem, drainage structures are used, the functionality of which is particularly important for clay soil, poorly conductive moisture. Step by step guide On the installation of the drainage system, you read below.

Clay soil drainage

Before organizing drainage on a plot with clay soil, it is important to know the features of such a soil. Pre-conduct a small test. To do this, you need to dig a hole with a depth of about 60 cm, to pour 6-7 water vests into it. If, after a day, moisture is absorbed into the ground without a residue, the site does not need a complex drainage system. In this case, there is enough landfill or flowing drainage. Clay soil does not absorb completely water and therefore the site requires more thorough improvement.

As a result of the fact that the clay does not hold moisture, in the upper layers of the soil, water clusters are formed, puddles. Excessive humidity leads to the destruction of the foundations of buildings, the death of plants and the creation of too wet atmosphere on the territory. Therefore, drainage is needed and allows you to dry out clay soil, preventing unpleasant consequences.

For the organization of drainage, factors are taken into account as:

the number of incoming moisture in the form of precipitation, melt waters, autopolying, etc.;
area of \u200b\u200bterritory in need of drainage;
financial capabilities defining the type and quality of materials used for drainage.

The combination of outlined and surface drainage allows you to dry the ground, providing normal conditions for plants and keep the construction. At the same time, the discharge point involves digging deep ditch, the use of pipes, rubble, geotextiles, a well structure for the designated waters. All this requires financial costs and needs a thorough calculation of parameters.

The surface drainage is a shallow canals that are directed towards the well for collecting water. On top of the recess covered with grilles and are easy to operate. The system of such channels does not require the use of pipes, as special material is placed on the bottom of the trenches. Thanks to this, the moisture is transported to the well, and not remaining on clay soil.

Combining surface and blurred systems optimally for clay soil. Each option requires the development of a schema, which indicates the location of the canvas, well and other elements. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the sequence of installation stages, because drainage must perform its function quickly and efficiently.

Device drainage

For drying clay soil use surface and blurred drainage. The first option may be a tray type or with a sandy pillow. In any case, the trenches directed toward the well for collecting water. The width of the channels can be about 30 cm, and the depth is up to 50 cm. In this case, a small uniform slope in the side of the well is observed. For plots with a natural bias there is no need.

For a trap surface system in trenches, special boxes or plastic trays are installed for which water will be transported to the well. In the case of a sandy pillow, you need to pour on the bottom of the channels, the size of which is slightly larger than with a trailing method, a small layer of sand, then rubble almost to the edge of the recess. From above, you can pour out multicolored gravel or lay a layer of jam.

The discharge drainage suggests the creation of a canvas in which the rubble layers are placed, pipes for drainage, geotextiles. At the designated place, the well is installed in the deepening well for collecting water, in the trenches they are packed on the sand layer and geotextile pipes, and then crushed the crushed stone and wrap the edges of the canvas. The well should be located at the extreme point of the site, and all ditches are directed to it.

Drainage scheme

Before starting work on the creation of a drainage, the site should mark the location of all elements of the system. The well must be placed in the far corner, the ditch passes around the perimeter of the house or other buildings, are connected in one trench and lead to the well. When planning a deep system, it is worth considering that in the clay soil you can not lay the pipes where heavy machinery drives, cars. As a result, the soil will see and hurt the drainage. therefore optimal option It is superficial drainage contributing to the rapid moisture.

The diagram indicates the direction of each trench, as well as the slope of the canvas. If the site is located on the slope, then it is enough just to dig ditches of the same depth to the well. On the smooth surface, the calculation of the slope is carried out taking into account the rules.

The bias of the pipes are indicated by fractions, in which it is difficult to understand the injective person. For example, 0.007 or 0.02. In fact, these numbers mean the ratio of the desired tilt of the pipe to its length, expressed in meters. If you need to set the slope of 0.007, it means that by 1 pontamon M tubes, the height difference should be 7 mm. And if the slope is 0.02, then in one meter, the height difference will be 2 cm. This difference in the slopes arises due to the fact that various minimum slope is required for pipes of different diameters. And the greater the diameter, the smaller the slope. For example, for the tap drains, pipes with a diameter of 9-11 cm are always used. The minimum slope for them is 0.02. This means that the slope of each meter of the drain should be at least 2 cm.

After the calculation of all parameters, the materials are chosen and mounted a desiccable installation. For surface drainage, plastic trays are used, taking into account the desired slope, directions.

Drainage of the site do it yourself on clay soils - step-by-step instructions on the installation of various systems

Surface type drainage can be organized with your own hands using the scheme and picking materials. Simple system, consisting of trays, well and other elements, will provide a timely injection of moisture. Surface drainage is complemented by deep or falling on, which enhances the effectiveness of drainage.

Depth Drainage: Step-by-step instructions

To create a deep drainage, you will need pipes. An elements of 110 mm with a diameter of 110 mm are used for the main highway, and for additional channels, the pipes with a diameter of 60 mm are optimal. The well is constructed from concrete rings or insert a special polymer container into the recess. Crushed stone fraction 20-40, large sand, geotextiles are also necessary for creating a drainage complex.

The complex of work includes the following actions:

For a well, a pit should be pulled out, the depth of which is 2-3 m. Concrete rings Install from the bottom. The finished container is mounted in the same way. On the bottom, sand with a layer of 20 cm, and then crushed stone by 30 cm. In the rings or walls of the finished tank, there should be holes for incoming pipes. The height of their location is equal to the depth of placing pipes in the dials, that is, from the upper edge of about 100 cm.
Next you need to dug trenches according to the scheme. Their width is 50 cm, and the depth is 120 cm in the main line and 100 cm in the side. The main channels reach the well, while the bias is 5 cm for a 1-line meter of the pipe length. On the bottom of the channels you need to pour sand with a layer of about 20 cm, and then lay geotextiles. The edges of the canvas should be above the edges of the pit. Next, crushed the layer of 20 cm layer, pave perforated pipes with the observance of the slope.
Docking of pipes with each other is made by coupling or fusey connections. In the field of turns and in direct areas every 25 cm you need to establish audit wells. The height of such elements should ensure their elevation above the level of soil. Audit wells are needed to control the status and cleaning of the system.
On pipes need to pour rubble so that the filter material is completely covered. Next wrap geotextiles. The space remaining in the trench is falling asleep with sand, and the top layer or decorative gravel is placed on top.

Installation of surface drainage

The depth drainage is designed to eliminate moisture from the soil, and the surface system allows you to prevent water stiring in the upper layer of clay soil. Rain moisture or molten waters are immediately removed into the well, transported by special gutters. This allows remove water from the roof of buildings and avoid the appearance of the puddle on a plot with clay soil.

For the surface system, it is necessary to note on the plan of the area, the direction of the canvas, which should lead to the well. The slope is observed as the same as for the deep drainage. Next, the following steps:

According to the scheme, the small trenches are hung, which are well trambed. It is necessary to observe the slope of the canvas towards the well or waterballs. If the site has a natural slope, the depth of the channels may be the same. The trench depth is up to 80 cm, and their width is 40 cm.
On the bottom of the trenches, sand is poured by a layer of 10 cm, and then as much crushed stone of the fraction of 20-40. Next to the filter material you need to pour a concrete solution and immediately install trays for water removal.
At the end of each line of trays you need to install sandcloths using the same installation method as for the gutters. Caught rainmakers under drain pipes Buildings are mounted on the same technique. All items are well connected to each other, forming a single system. Next, the trays must be covered on top with special lattices.

Operation of drainage

The correct organization of the discouraging system of any type is the key to comfort on a plot with clay soils. The rapid dilution of moisture after the rain allows you to avoid the formation of puddles, high humidity of the air and the destruction of the foundation of the buildings. And also the drainage is practical on the plot where there are plants, poorly carrying water. In this case, drainage databases around these plants should be provided.

During the operation of the deep and surface version of the systems, it is necessary to regularly clean the garbage, leaves, herbs and sand. This allows you to maintain drainage efficiency. And also need to take into account the following features of operation:

revision wells, sandcloths need to be cleaned regularly from pollution;
damage to bullied pipes requires their timely replacement;
before the end of the installation is made, it is necessary to check the pipe or trays of several water vests. Moisture must quickly enter the main well;
in the clay ground, it is impossible to lay pipes in the plots that are exposed to a large load.

To create a drainage with your own hands, only high-quality pipes and trays should be used, durable geotextiles, crushed stone of medium fraction and large sand. The coupling and other connections are important to carefully fix that it will avoid moisture leakage in the wrong place.

Video: how to make drainage lavety

For a plot on clay ground, the drainage system is necessary, as it allows to eliminate excess humidity. At the same time, the clay soil can settle what requires careful development of the pipe location scheme.

When you are constantly meeting the problem of the appearance of excess water on the site, you must have to take steps on it. Otherwise, you will not only get trouble in the cultivation of the site, but also put the foundation of the house or near the buildings of the household destination at the threat of damage. Production of drainage, or rather - drainage design in this situation is the only acceptable output.

In this article, we will consider simple and economical way Creation of drainage on the household plot.

Preparatory actions

Before your will start the process of assembling and installing drainage design, it is necessary to decide what result you would like to achieve. Based on your decision, you need to create a project of the future system at least at the primitive level: to determine the location of its location, possible consequences Contact of the system and surrounding objects, sizes, dimensions. Based on the generalization of all these data, it is already possible to calculate the material costs for the acquisition of the entire volume of consumables. It is useful, by the way, understand that drainage depth directly depends on the height of the well intended for drainage. Well, it is customary to have a little higher elements of the whole design.

Now about the design itself: traditional (or "French") drainage is a trench filled with gravel separated from the Earth geotextile (Geekanika is used to prevent the mixing of soil and gravel, it also passes water through itself and does not give to weed). Gravel, together with Geecan, help the water to get absorbed into the ground, evenly distributing moisture along the location, thus prevents the collection and stagnation of water in some particular one place.

When creating a drainage of this type, corrugated pipes are used, equipped with longitudinal holes on one side, usually from PVC. At the end of the entire system, a wastewater reservoir should be located, whose task is a uniform distribution to the ground around itself accumulated water. For the creation of this well, two-hundred-tire plastic barrels in the form of a drum (rounded form of container is more preferable in this case) with multiple holes in the bottom and walls. It is necessary to position this well on a special gravel "pillow" (about 10 cm), the space between the walls of the pit and the capacity is also filled with gravel (the thickness of the layer 15 cm). In the upper part of the barrels, holes intended for receiving the incoming water, and one of the holes - To install a special drainage lattice. There are no need to do a lot of holes, there are enough two or three, 5 cm. At the top of the wall of the well, one large hole is made, designed to enter the pipe of the drainage system.

The second large element of such a system is a catchment reservoir, the width of which should be approximately 30x30 cm. The tank must be supplied with a drain grille. This is necessarily done in the case of ensuring drainage of the drainage pipes, when the tank is connected to the tank, the influx into a clean water system is ensured. The household site is not a very cost operation. In the manufacture of the system, the materials available for the price and need to be a bit. The most expensive detail that you will need can become a reservoir for the catchment. Polyvinyl chloride pipe will cost much cheaper. Gravel will need about two cubic meters. It will also be necessary to purchase a special fabric - geotextile.

Copy trench drainzha

Next, you need to proceed the trench from the location of the catchment to the place of drainage and pits to install the well with the side and the reservoir - on the other. In place for a drainage well, the pit will need to deepen 15 cm compared to the depth of the rest of the trench, the depth of which, in turn, you will need to independently calculate, based on the size of the container for drainage.

Manufacture of drainage well

Using the drill, a diameter of 2-3 cm, you will easily turn the wall of the tank in the sieve. Through these holes, if possible, made with the same intervals, entered in the barrel sewage water It should evenly increase the surrounding soil. On the wall of the barrel, at the top, the hole should be performed on the diameter of the drainage pipe and prepare the fastening for the pipe.

Filling trench

Then the dug trench must be displayed geochanging. This will eliminate the mixing of the alley and particles of dirt with gravel. Also, geotextiles will ensure better absorption of moisture of the Earth. Further, at 8-10 centimeter intake of gravel, install the already prepared two-toll barrel. The barrels must be laid a small amount of Gravel and make sure that the tank does not "go" from side to side. Similar actions should be done with a waterball that needs to be done so that its upper edge is on the edge of the earth's surface. Highness of the waterborne can also be adjusted by a gravel subfolder.

Make sure that the waterborg is immobilized. Then it is necessary to connect both rebvings with a drainage pipe. It is important to know that holes in drainage pipe Must be located on its underside, the pipe itself is laid under the slope. Fill the trench by gravel. Make so that 15 cm is left to the surface and gravel. Next, mount the lattice for the drain on the tank. Then you need to get geocan, having raised that the edges of the textile on both sides of the trench lay a mustache, while covering each other.

Failure to land

At the final stage of installation of the drainage, it is necessary to pour the ground with a trench, avoiding soil drawders and unevenness. If you speed a trench qualitatively, it's already literally a year later to guess that the drainage system is located under this place, it will be possible only by "looking" lattices. The place of laying the system can fall on lawn grass.

Now you know how to independently build drainage literally in a couple of days without significant costs. The main thing in this matter, as, however, in all other, thorough preparations.

Video how to make drainage on the plot do it yourself