Add 3 verb forms. Three forms of irregular verbs. Pronunciation of irregular English verbs

I'll tell you a secret: correct and irregular verbs of the English language are the most "favorite" topic of teachers and students when studying English grammar. Fate wanted the most popular and frequently used words in English to be wrong. For example, the famous phrase "to be or not to be" also contains just an irregular verb. And that's the beauty of the British :)

Just imagine for a second how wonderful it would be to add an ending -ed to the main verbs and get the past tense. And now all English learners are prepared to participate in an exciting attraction - memorizing a convenient table not regular verbs English with translation and transcription.

1. IRREGULAR VERBS

Meet their royal majesty irregular verbs. You won't have to talk about them for a long time. You just need to reconcile and remember that each verb has its own forms. And it is almost impossible to find any logical connection. All that remains is to put a table in front of you and learn how you once memorized the English alphabet.

It's good that there are verbs where all three forms coincide and are pronounced the same (put-put-put)... But there are especially harmful forms that are written like twins, but pronounced differently (read - read - read). Just like choosing only the finest tea leaves the best varieties for the royal tea, we have collected the most used irregular verbs, sorted them alphabetically, visually conveniently arranged in a table - we did everything to make you smile and ... learn. In general, only conscientious cramming will save humanity from ignorance of English irregular verbs.

And so that memorization is not so boring, you can create your own algorithms. For example, to begin with, write out all the verbs where the three forms are the same. Then those where the two forms coincide (most of them, by the way). Or, for example, to learn today the words with the letter "b" (do not think bad), and tomorrow - for another. No fantasy limits for English lovers!

And without leaving the checkout, we propose to pass the test on knowledge of irregular verbs.

Table of irregular verbs in English with transcription and translation:

	indefinite form verb (Infinitive)	simple past tense (Past Simple)	past participle	Translation
1	abide [ə "baɪd]	abode [ə "bəud]	abode [ə "bəud]	stay, stick to something
2	arise [ə "raɪz]	arose [ə "rəuz]	arisen [ə "rɪz (ə) n]	arise, rise
3	awake [ə "weɪk]	awoke [ə "wəuk]	awoken [əˈwoʊkn]	wake up, wake up
4	be	was; were	been	be, be
5	bear	bore	born	wear, give birth
6	beat	beat	beaten ["bi: tn]	beat
7	become	became	become	become, become
8	befall	befell	befallen	happen
9	begin	began	begun	start off)
10	behold	beheld	beheld	peer, notice
11	bend	bent	bent	bend (Xia), bend (Xia)
12	beseech	besought	besought	beg, beg
13	beset	beset	beset	surround, besiege
14	bet	bet	bet	bet
15	bid	bid	bid	bid, order, ask
16	bind	bound	bound	to bind
17	bite	bit	bitten ["bɪtn]	bite)
18	bleed	bled	bled	bleed, empty
19	blow	blew	blown	blow
20	break	broke	broken ["brəuk (ə) n]	break, interrupt, break
21	breed	bred	bred	spawn, breed, breed
22	bring	brought	brought	bring, bring
23	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast, distribute
24	build	built	built	build, embed
25	burn	burnt	burnt	burn, burn
26	burst	burst	burst	explode)
27	buy	bought	bought	buy
28	can	could	could	be able to physically
29	cast	cast	cast	throw, pour (metal)
30	catch	caught	caught	catch, catch
31	choose [ʧuːz]	chose [ʧuːz]	chosen ["ʧəuz (ə) n]	to choose
32	cling	clung	clung	stick, cling, cling
33	cleave	cleft	cloven ["kləuv (ə) n]	split, split
34	clothe	clothed	clothed	dress, dress
35	come	came	come [ kʌm]	come
36	cost	cost [ kɒst]	cost [ kɒst]	estimate, cost
37	creep	crept	crept	crawl
38	cut	cut [ kʌt]	cut [ kʌt]	cut, trim
39	dare	durst	dared	dare
40	deal	dealt	dealt	deal, trade, consider the issue
41	dig	dug	dug	dig
42	dive	dove	dived	dive
43	do / does	did	done	make
44	draw	drew	drawn	drag, draw
45	dream	dreamt	dreamt	dreaming, dreaming
46	drink	drank	drunk	drink, drink
47	drive	drove	driven [ˈdrɪvn̩]	drive, drive, drive, drive
48	dwell	dwelt	dwelt	dwell, dwell, linger on something
49	eat	ate	eaten [ˈiːtn̩]	eat, eat, eat
50	fall	fell	fallen [ˈfɔːlən]	fall
51	feed	fed	fed [ fed]	feed)
52	feel	felt	felt [ felt]	feel
53	fight	fought [ˈfɔːt]	fought [ˈfɔːt]	fight, fight
54	find	found	found	find
55	fit	fit [ fɪt]	fit [ fɪt]	fit, fit
56	flee	fled	fled	run, flee
57	fling	flung	flung	throw, throw
58	fly	flew	flown	fly, fly
59	forbid	forbade	forbidden	forbid
60	forecast [ˈfɔːkɑːst]		forecast; forecasted [ˈfɔːkɑːstɪd]	foresee, predict
61	forget	forgot	forgotten	forget
62	forego	forewent	foregone	refuse, refrain
63	foretell	foretold	foretold	predict, predict
64	forgive	forgave	forgiven	forgive,
65	forsake	forsook	forsaken	give up, refuse
66	freeze	froze	frozen [ˈfrəʊzən]	freeze, freeze
67	get [ˈɡet]	got [ˈɡɒt]	got [ˈɡɒt]	receive, become
68	gild [ɡɪld]		gilt [ɡɪlt]; gilded [ˈɡɪldɪd]	to gild
69	give [ɡɪv]	gave [ɡeɪv]	given [ɡɪvn̩]	to give
70	go / goes [ɡəʊz]	went [ˈwent]	gone [ɡɒn]	go, go
71	grind [ɡraɪnd]	ground [ɡraʊnd]	ground [ɡraʊnd]	sharpen, grind
72	grow [ɡrəʊ]	grew [ɡruː]	grown [ɡrəʊn]	grow, grow
73	hang	hung; hanged	hung [ hʌŋ]; hanged [ hæŋd]	hang, hang
74	have	had	had	to have, to have
75	hew	hewed	hewed; hewn	chop, chop
76	hear	heard	heard	hear
77	hide	hid	hidden [ˈhɪdn̩]	hide, hide
78	hit	hit [ hɪt]	hit [ hɪt]	hit, hit
79	hold	held	held	hold, maintain (own)
80	hurt	hurt	hurt	hurt, hurt, hurt
81	keep	kept	kept	keep, store
82	kneel		knelt; kneeled	kneel
83	knit		knit; knitted [ˈnɪtɪd]	to knit
84	know	knew	known	know
85	lay	laid	laid	lay down
86	lead	led	led	lead, accompany
87	lean		leant; leaned	lean, lean
88	leap	leapt; leaped [liːpt]	leapt; leaped	jump
89	learn		learnt; learned	learn, learn
90	leave	left	left	leave, leave
91	lend	lent	lent [lent]	borrow, lend
92	let	let [let]	let [let]	let, rent
93	lie	lay	lain	lie
94	light	lit; lighted [ˈlaɪtɪd]	lit [lɪt]; lighted [ˈlaɪtɪd]	light up, light up
95	lose	lost	lost	lose
96	make [ˈmeɪk]	made [ˈmeɪd]	made [ˈmeɪd]	do, make
97	may	might	might	can, have the right
98	mean	meant	meant	mean, mean
99	meet	met	met	meet, get to know
100	mishear [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	misheard [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	misheard [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	misheard
101	mislay	mislaid	mislaid	misplace
102	mistake	mistook	mistaken	be wrong, wrong
103	mow	mowed	mown	mow down
104	overtake	overtook	overtaken	catch up
105	pay	paid	paid	to pay
106	prove	proved	proved; proven	prove, certify
107	put	put	put	lay down
108	quit	quit; quitted	quit; quitted	leave, leave
109	read	read; red	read; red	read
110	rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt	rebuild, rebuild
111	rid	rid; ridded	rid; ridded	liberate, relieve
112	ride	rode	ridden	to ride
113	ring	rang	rung	ring, ring
114	rise	rose	risen	ascend, ascend
115	run	ran	run	run, flow
116	saw	sawed	sawn; sawed	to nag
117	say	said	said	speak, say
118	see	saw	seen	see
119	seek	sought	sought	search
120	sell	sold	sold	sell
121	send	sent	sent	send, send
122	set	set	set	put, put
123	sew	sewed	sewed; sewn	sew
124	shake	shook	shaken	shake
125	shall	should	should	be to
126	shave	shaved	shaved	to shave)
127	shear	sheared	shorn	cut, cut; deprive
128	shed	shed	shed	dump, spill
129	shine	shone; shined	shone; shined	shine, shine
130	shoe	shod	shod	shoe, shoe
131	shoot	shot	shot	fire
132	show	showed	shown; showed	show
133	shrink	shrank; shrunk	shrunk	shrink, shrink, bounce, recoil
134	shut	shut	shut	close
135	sing	sang	sung	sing
136	sink	sank	sunk	sink, sink, sink
137	sit	sat	sat	sit
138	slay	slew	slain	kill, destroy
139	sleep	slept	slept	sleep
140	slide	slid	slid	slide
141	sling	slung	slung	throw, throw, hang over your shoulder, hang
142	slit	slit	slit	cut lengthwise, lengthwise
143	smell	smelt; smelled	smelt; smelled	smell, sniff
144	sow	sowed	sowed; sown	sow
145	speak	spoke	spoken	talk
146	speed	sped; speeded	sped; speeded	hurry, speed up
147	spell	spelt; spelled	spelt; spelled	write, spell a word
148	spend	spent	spent	waste, drain
149	spill	spilt	spilt	shed
150	spin	spun	spun	spin
151	spit	spat	spat	spit, push, poke, pro
152	split	split	split	split, split
153	spoil	spoilt; spoiled	spoilt; spoiled	spoil, spoil
154	spread	spread	spread	spread
155	spring	sprang	sprung	jump, jump
156	stand	stood	stood	to stand
157	steal	stole	stolen	steal, steal
158	stick	stuck	stuck	stick, stick (Xia), stick
159	sting	stung	stung	sting
160	stink	stank; stunk	stunk	stink, repel
161	strew	strewed	strewn; strewed	scatter, scatter, spread
162	stride	strode	stridden	step
163	strike	struck	struck	hit, hit, strike
164	string	strung	strung	tie, pull, string
165	strive	strove	striven	strive, strive
166	swear	swore	sworn	swear, swear, swear
167	sweep	swept	swept	to sweep
168	swell	swelled	swollen; swelled	swell, swell, swell
169	swim	swam	swum	to swim
170	swing	swung	swung	swing (Xia), swing
171	take	took	taken	take
172	teach	taught	taught	teach, teach
173	tear	tore	torn	tear, break-, s-, ot-
174	tell	told	told	tell, report
175	think	thought	thought	think
176	throw	threw	thrown	throw, throw
177	thrust	thrust	thrust	push, stab, kick out, shove
178	tread	trod	trod; trodden	tread
179	unbend	unbent	unbent	unbend
180	undergo	underwent	undergone	test, endure
181	understand	understood	understood	understand
182	undertake	undertook	undertaken	undertake, guarantee
183	upset	upset	upset	overturn, squeeze
184	wake	woke; waked	woken; waked	wake up, wake up
185	wear	wore	worn	wear clothes)
186	weave	wove; weaved	woven; weaved	weave
187	wed	wed; wedded	wed; wedded	to marry, to marry
188	weep	wept	wept	cry
189	will	would	would	want to be
190	wet	wet; wetted	wet; wetted	soak, you-, pro
191	win	won	won	win, get
192	wind	wound	wound	wind up (mechanism), curl
193	withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	take back, take away
194	wring	wrung	wrung	squeeze, squeeze, twist
195	write	wrote	written	write

After this video, you will love learning irregular verbs! Yo! :) ... it is advisable for the impatient to watch from 38 seconds

For fans of the advanced teacher and turnip lovers, we offer a backing track for a personal way of memorizing irregular verbs in karaoke style, and in the future, possibly, for recording a new personal video with your teacher / teacher / class. Weak or not weak?

2. CORRECT VERBS

When the most difficult part in the form of irregular verbs is mastered (we want to believe that this is so), you can click like nuts and regular verbs of the English language. They are called so because they form the past tense form and participle II in exactly the same way. In order not to overload your brain once again, we will simply designate them as form 2 and form 3. And both of them are obtained using the ending - ed.

For instance: look - looked,work - worked

2.1 And for those who like to get to the bottom of everything in everything, you can conduct a short educational program about the mysterious term "Communion II". First, why participle? Because how else to designate a three-headed dragon, which has signs of 3 parts of speech at once: a verb, an adjective and an adverb. Accordingly, such a form is always found at PARTS (at once at three).

Second, why II? Because there is also I. Quite logical  Only participle I has an ending -ing, and participle II has an ending -ed in regular verbs, and any ending in irregular ( written , built , come ).

2.2 And everything would be fine, but there are some nuances.

If the verb ends in -y then you need an ending -ied(study - studied).
... If the verb consists of one syllable and ends in a consonant, then it is doubled (stop - stopped).
... The final consonant l is always doubled (travel -travelled)
... If the verb ends in -e, then you only need to add -d(translate - translated)

For especially corrosive and attentive, you can also add pronunciation features. For example, after voiceless consonants, the ending is pronounced "t", after voiced consonants - "d", after vowels "id".

Perhaps you have heard / invented / read / spied on a way to minimize effort and maximize the efficiency of memorizing irregular verbs, but for some reason we still do not know it. Share not only your smile, but also cramming options to please each other with something of interest

Our topic today is an acquaintance with such an interesting phenomenon as the forms of irregular verbs. As you know, the English language is very tricky. This language often lays down all sorts of traps for us. One of them is irregular verbs. English is not the only language in which irregular verbs exist. French is also rich in irregular verbs.

Are there three or four forms of irregular English verbs?

Romanian language, German, Latin, Greek also contains irregular verbs. And even the Russian language abounds in them. I think you have heard about irregular verbs in English language, in other words Irregular Verbs. Why are these verbs called irregular? Everything is very simple: in the past tense they are conjugated in their own way, have their own special form, while all other verbs in the past tense have an ending -ed.

For comparison, let's conjugate 3 regular regular verbs in the simple past tense (Past Simple):

Work - ra		sing
I worked	I translated	I managed
You worked	You translated	You managed
He worked	He translated	He managed
She worked	She translated	She managed
It worked	It translated	It managed
We worked	We translated	We managed
They worked	They translated	They managed

As you can see, all 3 verbs are conjugated in the same way, based on the stem + ending -ed.

The situation is completely different in the case of irregular verbs. We conjugate 3 more verbs in the simple past tense (Past Simple) that are irregular, and here pay attention to the fact that each of these verbs has its own, completely different form in the ending or even in the root of the word:

Blow - blow	Go - go	Bring - bring
I blew	I went	I brought
You blew	You went	You brought
He blew	He went	He brought
She blew	She went	She brought
It blew	It went	It brought
We blew	We went	We brought
They blew	They went	They brought

Even the naked eye can see that each of these verbs appeared in its own, completely unlike the others, form. The catch is that there is no definite rule by which you can find out the form of an irregular verb. Each of them conjugates in its own way. English, my friends, is full of tricky things and underwater reefs. Another catch is that each irregular verb has not one form, but three.

Three forms of irregular verbs

So what are these three forms?

• The first is the infinitive or initial (indefinite) form of the verb
• The second is Past Participle I, that is, the form that corresponds to the simple past tense (Past Simple), it is also used in the 2nd and 3rd cases of the conditional mood (Conditional of the 2-d and of the 3-d case)
• The third is Past Participle II, the one that is used in the perfect present tense ( Present perfect) and in the past time (Past Perfect). The same form is used in the Passive Voice, in the conditional mood of the 3rd case (Conditional of the 3-d case) and some other grammatical rules.

Here are some examples of 3 forms of irregular verbs:

• To arise - arose - arisen - to rise
• To be - was, were - been - to be
• To bear - bore - born - give birth
• To become - became - become - to become, to become
• To begin - began - begun - begin
• To catch - caught - caught - catch, catch
• To choose - chose - chosen - choose
• To dig - dug - dug - dig, dig
• To dream - dreamt - dreamt - to dream, to dream
• To feel - felt - felt - feel
• To forget - forgot - forgotten - forget
• To have - had - had - to have

Now let's look at these 3 forms using examples of sentences in all of the above verb tenses.

• So, the simple past tense of the verb (Past Simple Tense):

Yesterday she felt herself bad ( to feel). “She felt bad yesterday. Last Wednesday we met Jim ( to meet). “We met Jim last Wednesday. Last night I dreamt you ( to dream). “I dreamed about you last night. I was in Paris last year ( to be) - I was in Paris last year.

• Present Perfect Tense:

I have just seen him ( to see). - I just saw him. Tom has already brought my books ( to bring). “Tom has already brought my books. Have you ever been in London ( to be)? - Have you ever been in London? Ann has already forgotten her boy-friend ( to forget). - Anna has already forgotten her boyfriend.

• Past Perfect Tense:

I noticed that I had forgotten my keys ( to forget). - I noticed that I forgot my keys. He understood that he had lost his documents ( to lose). - He realized that he had lost his documents.

• Passive Voice:

The dog is fed by me ( to feed). - The dog was fed by me (I fed the dog). Made in France ( to make). - Made in France.

• Conditional mood of the 2nd and 3rd cases (Conditional). The second and third forms appear here:

If I had money, I would buy a car ( to have). - If I had money, I would buy a car (real condition). If I had money, I would have bought a car ( to have, to buy). - If I had money, I would buy a car (unrealistic condition, past tense).

How to learn all forms of irregular verbs?

Irregular Verbs Cheat Sheet

As mentioned above, there are no rules according to which the forms of irregular verbs are formed, each has its own. But, we hope that this verse form will help you quickly memorize such irregular verbs:

To write-wrote-written
To eat-ate-eaten
To speak-spoke-spoken
To break-broke-broken

To come-came-come
To become-became-become
To run-ran-run
To swim-swam-swum

To know-knew-known
To throw-threw-thrown
To blow-blew-blown
To fly-flew-flown

Tossing-sang-sung
To ring-rang-rung
To hide-hid-hidden
To bite-bit-bitten

To send-sent-sent
To spend-spent-spent
To sleep-slept-slept
To keep-kept-kept

To tell-told-told
To sell-sold-sold
To teach-taught-taught
To catch-caught-caught

To fight-fought-fought
To think-thought-thought
To buy-bought-bought
To bring-brought-brought

To cut-cut-cut
To shut-shut-shut
To cost-cost-cost
To lose-lost-lost

To lead-led-led
To feed-fed-fed
To feel-felt-felt
To hold-held-held

From this funny poetic form, we see that some irregular verbs have the same letter combinations, which allows us to rhyme them and thereby make it easier for us to memorize them.

The "fourth" form of irregular verbs

There is a widespread belief that there is also a 4th form of irregular verbs. This 4th configuration is formed according to the scheme stem + ending -ing. It defines Present Participle, that is, the present participle in tenses such as the present continuous tense (Present Continuous) and the past long tense ( Past Continuous). In other words, it is the present and past tense of an imperfect kind. From this it follows that the forms of irregular verbs are not 3, but 4. But this 4th configuration is, as it were, unofficial.

The third form of the verb in English is official name- Past participle or Past Participle. These words can be translated into Russian as a passive participle: made - made, taken - taken, got - received.

Use Cases Past Participle

The past participle is called the 3rd form of the verb only by those who study English as a foreign language. These words are in demand in the formation of various grammatical structures:

• conditional sentences of the 3rd type:

If he had known her phone number he would have called her and told about the meeting. “If he knew her phone number, he would have called and told about the meeting. (known, called, told - past participles)

Statements of this type refer to the past and denote wishes or actions that are no longer destined to come true. Such phrases consist of a main and a conditional sentence, both of which use verbs in the 3rd form.

• times of the group Perfect (completed):

I have just finished my essay. - I just finished my composition. (Present Perfect, finished - past participle from regular verb to finish)

She had eaten her sandwich by the time her mum came home. “She finished her sandwich by the time Mom got home. (Past Perfect, eaten is the past participle of the irregular verb to eat)

They will have got to the hotel by 6 o'clock tomorrow. “They'll get to the hotel by 6 o'clock tomorrow. (Future Perfect, got - irregular past participle to get)

• passive voice:

The window was broken by some pupil. - The window was broken by some student. (broken - 3rd form of irregular verb to break)

The past participle in English can be used as an adjective:

His lost toy was found in the garden. “His lost toy was found in the garden. (lost - 3rd form of irregular verb to lose)

How Past Participle is formed

It is known that all English verbs are in 2 groups. Regular ones form all past tense forms by adding the ending -ed. The wrong ones undergo various changes that need to be remembered. It is convenient for learners to use the table of the third form of the verb in English:

Initial form		Past Participle		Initial form		Past Participle
be	be	been	former	have	have	had	had
become	become	become	became	keep	keep	kept	stored
begin	to begin	begun	started	lose	lose	lost	Lost
break	break	broken	broken	make	make	made	made
bring	bring	brought	brought	meet	meet	met	met
build	build	built	built	put	lay down	put	put
buy	buy	bought	bought	read	read	read	read
catch	catch	caught	caught	run	run	run	escaped
choose	to choose	chosen	selected	say	to tell	said	said
come	come	come	come	see	see	seen	seen
do	make	done	made	sell	sell	sold	sold
draw	draw	drawn	drawn	sleep	sleep	slept	asleep
drink	drink	drunk	drunk	speak	talk	spoken	spoke
eat	there is	eaten	eaten	spend	spend	spent	spent
fall	fall	fallen	fallen	swim	to swim	swum	floated
feed	feed	fed	fed	take	take	taken	taken
find	find	found	found	think	think	thought	deliberate
fly	fly	flown	flown away	wear	wear	worn	worn
get	receive	got	received	win	win	won	defeated
go	go	gone	departed	write	write	written	written

The main difficulty with English verbs is that in English there is no rule according to which their past form is formed. And worse, there is no logic in her education.

To use these verbs in the past tense, you need to memorize them. Moreover, many irregular verbs have two different past tense forms. To do this, you will need ongoing practice, which you can get from Easy Speak English courses for adults.

Since when using irregular verbs you will more than once come across the concepts of "verb forms", in the article we will look at what they are.

What are the forms of English verbs?

A verb is an action that someone / something does. For example: lie down, run, jump, swim.

All English verbs are divided into regular and irregular. Knowing whether a verb is correct or incorrect is necessary in order to use it in the past tense.

In Russian, we add "l" at the end to put the verb in the past tense.

Present tense: I read, write, walk, swim.

Past tense: read, wrote, walked, swam.

In English, some verbs are formed according to the rules, while others are not. I think you have already guessed that this is the difference between regular and irregular verbs.

Regular verbs in English (regular verbs)- these are those verbs, the past form of which is formed according to the rules, by adding the ending -ed.

for instance

work - worked,
work - work.

Irregular verbs in English- these are verbs, the past form of which is not formed according to the rules. Moreover, there is no logic in her education.

for instance

buy - bought,
buy - bought.

One of the main difficulties for learners is that there is no rule by which to determine whether a verb is regular or irregular. You can find out only by looking at it in a dictionary or memorizing it.

Verb form is how the verb changes depending on the time of use.

Both regular and irregular verbs have 3 forms.

English verb forms

All verbs have 3 forms.

The first form verb- this is the verb itself in the present tense, in its initial form.

for instance

(to) work - to work,
(to) do - to do,
(to) buy - buy.

Second form verb Is a verb in the past tense (this form is used in all simple past tenses).

worked - worked,
did - did
bought - bought.

Third form of the verb Is a verb in the past tense, which also carries the signs of an object (this form is used in the tenses of the Perfect group).

worked - worked,
done - who did
bought - bought.

Note: of course, when using the 3rd form in our speech, we do not translate it so literally, but translate it in the usual past tense.

for instance

I have done my homework.
I did homework(Literally: I did my homework).

How are English verb forms formed?

In regular verbs, both past tense forms are formed according to the same rule, therefore, attention is usually not focused on them.

To form the 2nd and 3rd forms, we add the ending -ed to the verb.

Work - worked - worked.

For irregular verbs, the 2nd and 3rd forms can:

• coincide with each other.

Have— had - had,
have - had.

• differ.

Do - did - done,
to do - did.

This is where the complexity of irregular verbs lies. To use all 3 shapes correctly, you need to memorize them.

Let's take another look at the table of the formation of 3 forms of verbs.

Table of verb forms in English.

Verb	1 form	Form 2 education	Form 3 education
Right			Add the ending -ed to the verb.
Wrong	The initial form is a verb without changes.	We use the 2nd form of the verb.	We use the 3rd form of the verb.

In this article, we examined the most popular ways to memorize irregular verbs and chose the most effective one.

If you get to learning verbs, then you have already gone through a lot. But there is still a long road to perfection ahead. The temporal system relies on such a distinction between this part of speech as right and wrong. It is about the latter that we will talk and explain how to quickly learn irregular verbs.

So, we already know that over time, foreign conquests or other interactions of people, the English language also did not stand aside. This is especially true for verbs. If we study tenses, then we have to differentiate according to this category. Irregular Verbs are found in almost all of them.

Forms of irregular verbs in English

Where to begin? From acquaintance. What types are there, when and how they are used. Indeed, reading the rule, you often come across the expression 2nd form, 3rd. And what it is, we will now consider. Once again, it is worth recalling that there are 3 forms of irregular verbs (some linguists distinguish four).

The first form Is an infinitive or the first column of the table... It is in this form that the verb is used in the dictionary: run, swim, give. It is used in Present simple, Future Simple, in interrogative and negative sentences Past Simple.

The second form is this is the simple past tense (Past Simple): rаn, swam, gave (second column)... In this form, English irregular verbs are used in Past Simple (with the exception of interrogative and negative sentences).

Third form Is a past participle (Past Participle or Participle II): run, swun, given. In this form, the verb is used most often. In the times of Perfect, in all times of Passive Voice. You will find it in third column of the table.

Fourth form Is the present participle (Present Participle or Participle I): running, swimming, giving. It is used by the times of the group Continuous and Perfect Continuous. Not all tables contain the fourth column, only a few.

When considering sentences with irregular verbs, pay attention to the tense.

How are the main English irregular verbs formed?

It is impossible to clearly define that these words are changed in this way, and others - in the second or third, it is impossible. But it is still possible to trace a certain trend, and then it will not be a set of words and incomprehensible forms.

1. By changing the vowel at the root of the word: meet - met - met; begin - began - begun.
2. Changing the root and adding a suffix: speak - spoke - spoken; give - gave - given.
3. The ending changes: send - sent - sent; build - built - built.
4. And some verbs are the same in all forms: cut - cut - cut; put - put - put.

How to learn irregular verbs?

Each has its own technique, its own method, which has its own pros and cons. But first I would like to say a few generally accepted facts. First, learn all three forms at once and with translation. Irregular verbs with translation can be found in almost any grammar textbook, dictionary, on Internet resources and on our website. The entire table can be downloaded. Do not learn 10 at once, take 5, stretch for 3-4 days, do the exercises. Many teach in a row, alphabetically, some in groups (depending on the method of education). I believe that the second is more efficient and easier. Therefore, we will split all English irregular verbs into groups.

1. Completely match

bet	bet	bet	bet
cost	cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut	cut
hit	hit	hit	strike
hurt	hurt	hurt	damage
let	let	let	let
put	put	put	lay down
set	set	set	install, install
shed	shed	shed	dump
shut	shut	shut	close
spit	spit	spit	spit
split	split	split	split, split
spread	spread	spread	distribute
trust	trust	trust	trust

2. The second and third forms coincide - p-t

3. The second and third forms are the same - d-t

4. The root vowel changes - ew - own

5. A group of verbs with different root vowels

6. Endings aught / ought

7. Vowel alternation

become	became	become	become
come	came	come	come
run	ran	run	run

8. Vowel alternation + ending en

9 alternation, ending en, doubling a consonant

bite	bit	bitten	bite
fall	fell	fallen	fall
forbid	forbade	forbidden	forbid
hide	hid	hidden	hide
ride	rode	ridden	ride
write	wrote	written	write
forget	forgot	forgotten	forget

10. The second and third forms are the same

	second and third
built	built	build
dig	dug	drip
find	found	find
get	got	receive
have	had	have
hear	heard	hear
hold	held	hold
lead	led	lead
leave	left	leave
lose	lost	lose
make	made	make
shine	shone	shine
shoot	shot	fire
sit	sat	sit
win	won	win
stick	stuck	stick, get stuck,
strike	struke	hit, hit
stand	stood	to stand
understand	understood	understand
deal	dealt	deal with
mean	meant	to mean
sell	sold	sell
tell	told	talk
lay	laid	lay down
pay	paid	to pay
say	said	to tell
bleed	bled	bleed
feel	felt	feel
meet	met	meet
feed	fed	feed

11. Have two options

burn	burnt / burned	burnt / burned	burn, burn
dream	dreamt / dreamed	dreamt / dreamed	dream
dwell	dwelt / dwelled	dwelt / dwelled	dwell, live
hang	hung / hanged	hung / hanged	hang
kneel	knelt / kneeled	knelt / kneeled	kneel down
knit	knit / knitted	knit / knitted	to knit
lean	leant / leaned	leant / leaned	lean, lean
leap	leapt / leaped	leapt / leaped	jump up, jump up
learn	learnt / learned	learnt / learned	teach
light	lit / lighted	lit / lighted	spark off
prove	proved	proven / proved	prove
sew	sewed	sewn / sewed	sew
smell	smelt / smelled	smelt / smelled	smell, smell
speed	sped / speeded	sped / speeded	accelerate
spell	spelt / spelled	spelt / spelled	to spell
spoil	spoilt / spoiled	spoilt / spoiled	spoil

12. Absolutely different shapes

Remembering irregular verbs in English at first seems difficult, tedious. But believe me, if you do not reboot yourself, teach in the groups that we have provided, you will easily master them. And this is very important! All irregular verbs are very often used in speech. Learn grammar and expand your vocabulary.