How to make a threshold to the balcony yourself - various options. High threshold in the doorway of the balcony block from the developer External nodes of the threshold of the balcony door

After installing the frame and doors with access to the balcony, it becomes necessary to make a threshold for the balcony door. At first glance, it seems that it is easy to make. Indeed, for the knowledgeable it is not difficult. But for someone who is going to do it on their own and for the first time, it will not be easy. However, if you follow the advice of experienced builders on how to make a threshold to the balcony, you can easily cope with this task.

Benefits of balcony thresholds

Balcony thresholds have several advantages and useful features.

First, the aesthetic appearance balcony door getting better. So there is a smooth transition from the floor of the room to the lower lintel of the door to the balcony.

Secondly, in addition to the foam on which the door is installed, the threshold performs additional protective function from getting cold through the foam (and it happens). This is especially important when the balcony itself does not have an installed balcony frame and is not glazed. Protection from external factors such balconies do not have moisture and dampness. If, after rain, water ends up on the balcony, then, without a threshold, a large percentage of humidity will pass through the micro-slots in the room.

Thirdly, the warmth of the room will not be lost through such cold bridges as propene places.

Fourth, there is less chance of stumbling over a high threshold for a balcony door.

What can a threshold be made of?

How to make a threshold on the balcony with your own hands? What materials are needed for this? The threshold can be made from:

silicate brick;
cement-sand mortar and tiles;
plastic;
wood.

In this article, we will look at each option step by step.

Brick threshold

Such a threshold is usually done when the floor level is significantly lower than the frame of the door block to the balcony. The thickness of the brick will help eliminate this discrepancy and save on cement-sand mortar.

What is needed for such work? For work, you will need the following materials:

bricks (preferably silicate);
cement;
sand;
drill;
mixer;
perforated corner;
metal beacon;
hammer;
roulette;
putty knife.

Practical tips for work:

First you need to prepare the base, the place where the threshold will be mounted. To do this, you need to remove the floor from dirt and dust. You can clean the plane with an old spatula. Further, priming process... This is necessary for the final dedusting of the surface and improvement of adhesion. It is better to do this with a primer that leaves a roughness after drying. This enhances the adhesion of bricks to the floor surface, floor slab. Since there are many manufacturers of primers, their names may vary. Therefore, in a hardware store with a seller, you can clarify the option that suits you.

Then you need to prepare a solution of cement and sand. Proportion: one to three. One measure of cement for three measures of sand. For a quick adhesion of the solution, you need to add a little gypsum mixture (satengips or isogypsum) to it. For mixing, use the mixer installed on the drill.

The mortar is placed evenly on the floor with a spatula, and bricks are placed on the mortar. Necessary do not forget to apply the mortar to the sides of the bricks so that they are also fastened to each other, and not only to the floor. Due to the reversal of the slopes of the doors, you may have to hammer the outermost bricks with a hammer to bring down the corner. Then they can normally occupy the area of the threshold.

Try to position the bricks so that they do not reach the level with the outer wall about three centimeters. If the threshold is planned to be tiled, and at the end too, then at least 4 cm.

At the corner of the bricks, you need to put a perforated corner, and at the door - a lighthouse. Freeze them with the same solution. After a few minutes, the mortar will set and can be poured onto the brick, leveling it along the way. With a spatula, level the plane, trying to make it as even as possible. The corner and beacon should help with this. Do the same from the end. It is important to take care that there are no voids left.

After leveling and drying, the threshold is ready for cladding. The material for this can be both tiles and laminate or linoleum.

An option of how you can trim the threshold on the balcony with linoleum is shown in this video.

Threshold made of cement-sand mortar

If the balcony doors are not installed so high as to cover the sill with bricks and then fill it with mortar, there is a way to make it only from cement mortar... To do this, you will need a formwork from a board 2 cm thick, pressed against the plane of the wall, in the line of which the threshold should go.

For work you will need:

broken brick;
board 20 mm thick, length - from 120 cm to 150 cm (formwork);
gypsum mixture (satengips, isogypsum);
hammer;
roulette;
putty knife;
half-rub.

Installation of a cement mortar threshold using formwork follows the same sequence:

preparation of the base, cleaning;
padding;
installation of formwork;
kneading a cement-sand mortar with the addition of a gypsum mixture;
broken brick is poured into the place of pouring the solution, which, together with cement-sand mixture will be something like concrete;
pouring the solution;
leveling the mortar with a spatula and a polisher.

It is necessary to level the cement mortar because it is the finish. After it dries, the surface will be ready for cladding. As a result, you may end up with a threshold on the balcony made of tiles, laminate or covered with linoleum. Before installing the laminate, both in this case and in the case of a brick threshold, remember to install the underlay. It will prevent the transfer of cold from the cement / brick floor to the laminate.

Threshold on the balcony photo

In this section, you can see a few more photos on the topic of our article about what and how you can make a threshold on the balcony with your own hands.

The window frame and the door to the balcony have already been installed, glazing and interior decoration have been made, but one more small detail remains - the threshold at the door. It must be done. But how? If you are familiar with construction, then it will be easy to do all the work. But if you have no experience, you will have to suffer a little. It is better to follow the advice of experts, then all the work will not take much time and will seem easy.

Do I need a threshold on the balcony

Many people ask the question - is there a need for a threshold on the balcony door at all, especially if the balcony itself is glazed and turned into a small room? But experts will answer that they need it. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, the nut will significantly improve the aesthetic appearance. With its help, you can make a smooth transition from the floor of the main room to the floor on the balcony. Secondly, it fulfills the role additional protection from the penetration of cold into the apartment. Also, the sill will provide some safety - when you exit to the balcony, you will not be in danger of catching on a high threshold.

Materials for the balcony sill

Photo 2. The choice of material for the manufacture of the threshold

You can make a sill on the balcony door yourself, this will save money on calling the master. But you still have to buy the material, because no work can do without it. The choice of material will depend on your desires and preferences. Typically, you can use the following ideas:

use a brick, for example, silicate;
use cement mortar, and finish with tiles;
if the door to the balcony is made of plastic, then the threshold can also be made of the same material;
use wood.

Using bricks

Photo 3. Brick balcony threshold

Brick is used where the distance from the door frame plank to the floor in the room is quite large. The use of cement mortar in this case can be quite costly, and the brick will easily eliminate these discrepancies.

Initially, you need to prepare the floor surface. Remove all bumps and old coatings, then apply putty. It is better to take the one that, after drying, leaves a very rough surface, so the bricks will hold better.

The next step is to prepare a mixture of cement and sand. They are taken in a ratio of one to three, respectively. For better adhesion, you can add a little plaster mix. Then we start laying the bricks. The first layer must be made of cement mortar, and the first row of bricks must be laid on it. If you decide to finish the threshold with tiles, then you need to leave space from the upper level of the bricks to the level of the lower door strip. Also leave room at the ends.

Photo 4. Leveling the floor

Photo 5. Laying bricks on a layer of cement mortar

After the bricks are laid out, cover them with a layer of cement mortar and level them with a trowel. This will prepare the surface for tiling. After the mixture has dried, finishing can be done. Laying tiles or just laying linoleum is the business of the owner. In any case, the durability of such a structure will be ensured.

Use of cement-sand mortar

If the height of the nut is small, then a mixture of sand and cement is quite suitable. It is much easier and faster to make such a design, and you will need less materials. For any concrete work (and after drying, the solution of sand and cement will turn into concrete) formwork is indispensable. Do not be intimidated by such a construction term, these are just small wooden planks. Their height and length should correspond to the future threshold, and their thickness should not be more than two centimeters. You may also need fragments of bricks, this is necessary for the strength of the future structure.

Photo 6. Balcony sill made of cement-sand mortar

Prepare the surface first. Clean everything thoroughly and apply putty. Then install the formwork and prepare the cement mix. You need to prepare the solution according to the same "recipe" as with the option with a brick threshold. Three parts of sand are taken for one part of cement. Everything is thoroughly mixed. To do this, you can use a construction mixer or do everything by hand.

Then pour the prepared mortar into the space formed between the formwork boards. The surface needs to be well leveled, because this will already be the finishing stage. After drying, you can lay out the tiles or cover the threshold with linoleum at your discretion.

Plastic threshold

If the elevation of the door above the floor of the room is small, you can make a threshold from plastic. This finish has a rather attractive appearance, which is especially good if the door leading to the balcony is made of plastic. Another advantage of the design is the speed of its installation. All work can take just a couple of hours. However, there is also a minus - plastic thresholds do not serve for a very long time, which means that in a year you will have to roll up their sleeves again.

Photo 7. Plastic nut

All work consists in mounting the guides to the wall using self-tapping screws. Then the plastic threshold itself is put on them. The plastic needs to be planted on the polyurethane foam, since it will stick well this way. Thus, the penetration of cold will be prevented, moreover, such a substrate will extend the life of the plastic structure.

An old and reliable tree

Photo 8. Wooden threshold to the balcony

Wood can be used both with a high threshold height and with a low one, the difference will be only in the material consumption. Such designs are also often found in apartments, like everyone else. previous options.

Wood has many advantages over other materials, among which the following can be distinguished:

the tree is easy to work with;
the material does not let the cold pass, especially if you additionally insulate such a threshold with mineral wool;
tree is natural material, which means environmentally friendly.

For work you may need:

wooden blocks (their height and width should correspond to the dimensions of the future structure);
chipboard sheet (it will act as the top of the threshold, such a material is quite durable and capable of withstanding heavy loads);
carpentry tools (hammer, hacksaw);
an ordinary household drill (you can take a percussion drill, it will be more convenient and faster);
dowels, corners (to strengthen the structure), screws.

First you need to make a frame, which will be a frame of bars in the size of the threshold. You can customize it to size using a hacksaw. The bars themselves are fastened with self-tapping screws, the corners must be reinforced with metal corners. Also, in each corner you need to make holes through which the frame will be attached to the floor.

Once the frame is sized, fold it back into place. Use a pencil to mark its location. Then, using a drill, you need to make holes on the floor for the dowels. The next step is to secure the frame to the floor. Once everything is securely fastened, you can start installing the chipboard sheet. Mark it according to the size of the threshold and saw off the excess. Then fix the sheet to the frame with self-tapping screws. The threshold is almost ready, it remains only to refine and give a beautiful appearance.

As you can see, making a threshold to the balcony on your own is a simple task. You can use any of the options listed, it all depends on the distance between the door strip and the floor in the room, as well as your preferences. All work will take no more than one working day, but as a result, your balcony will take on a finished look.

Even a small threshold on a balcony door without additional insulation will solve several problems at once. On the one hand, the exit to the balcony will become convenient, and the area between the room and the door will be aesthetically pleasing. On the other hand, the threshold will exclude the formation of a "cold bridge", strengthen waterproofing, and protect the floor covering adjacent to the balcony.

The balcony threshold can be made of several material options:

bricks;
cement (filler);
metal profile with plasterboard finish;
wood;
plastic.

Each of the materials as a basis for creating and finishing the threshold implies an individual arrangement scheme.

Simple and affordable - grout construction

Cement-sand mortar at the base of a threshold for a balcony is the simplest and most affordable solution. The arrangement will require some work to prepare the space in front of the door.

If initially a balcony door without a threshold (see photo), then you need to clear the space between the slopes from the walls to the door frame from the old floor covering... The base under the threshold must be free of dust and dirt, repeatedly primed for optimal bonding.

On a prepared base with a dried primer, formwork is mounted. It will be enough wooden board with a thickness of up to 3 cm. The solution is prepared in a standard proportion of cement and sand (1: 3). Water glass added to the solution will increase the water-repellent properties of the threshold.

A cement-sand structure requires time to dry - at least 5 days. Only after this period has expired, the outer formwork is removed and carried out
finishing the threshold of the balcony door with materials suitable for the overall interior, for example, stone, tiles, laminate or carpet.

French balcony glazing with sliding structure doors will require the arrangement of the filling threshold in several stages. At the initial stage, only half of the mixture is poured, on top of which a metal mesh is laid, tying the sheets together with a wire. Only after that, the rest of the solution is used to fill the threshold of the desired height.

The nut height is adjustable depending on the performance requirements.

Brickwork at the balcony door - how to do it?

Reliable installation of the threshold on the balcony door can be made of bricks. Just as in the previous case, before starting work, you need to prepare the base. With a spatula, the plane under the future threshold is carefully cleaned, primed, given time to dry.

The next step is to prepare a cement-sand mortar in the proportions indicated above. To make the mortar set faster, you can add a little isogypsum or satengypsum, stirring the mixture thoroughly with a construction mixer.

Brickwork is performed according to the rules, carefully smearing the joints with mortar, processing bricks for masonry in the turns of the slopes. The finished brick structure, fixed with a perforated corner, is covered with a mortar, leveling it with a spatula, preventing the formation of voids. Once the threshold is dry, you can move on to finishing.

Metal profile at the heart of the structure - features

For the arrangement of complex thresholds for balcony doors, a metal profile is suitable. You will also need to prepare the base and make markings on the floor for easy installation of the metal profile. Self-tapping screws and mounting angles are used for fastening. Taking into account the degree of load on the threshold, the number of fasteners should be increased as much as possible.

Mineral wool, expanded clay gravel are used as a heat-insulating layer.

For surface cladding, moisture-resistant drywall is suitable, which can be moistened with water before use to increase flexibility. The finished threshold is putty and leveled.

Plastic elevation at the balcony door - about the advantages

In terms of availability and ease of installation, a plastic threshold can only compete with a jellied one based on a cement-sand mortar. Such designs are appropriate in cases of a slight elevation at the balcony door above the floor level.

It is noteworthy that everyone can build a threshold on a balcony door from a window sill from an out-of-service PVC window. It is convenient to do this in two ways: open using self-tapping screws and closed - on a metal profile with polyurethane foam in the role of a substrate.

The plastic threshold has several significant advantages:

aesthetic appearance;
comfortable in using;
protects the room from cold and moisture penetrating from the balcony;
affordable;
easy to assemble.

There is one drawback, but a significant one - plastic construction short-lived. Active exploitation will lead to the appearance of cracks within a few years, and this is inevitable.

In such cases, the only way out is to remove the threshold for repair or replacement with a more practical one, for example, a wooden one.

Wooden structures for decorating a balcony ledge - what is special?

The wooden threshold is distinguished by a high level of reliability - this is the main thing. The design almost does not allow cold and moisture to pass through, even without additional insulation. Everyone can make a threshold out of wood with their own hands using a technology similar to the technology for creating a plasterboard structure with a metal profile at the base.

An environmentally friendly, beautiful and durable wooden threshold is equipped with wooden blocks, the dimensions of which must correspond to the dimensions of the structure intended for use. Additionally you will need:

chipboard sheet for the top;
a set of carpentry tools;
drill;
corners;
self-tapping screws.

If you need to change the plastic threshold to a wooden one, then the process begins with dismantling the old structure and preparing the surface for arranging a new one. The next step is to create the wireframe. To do this, use the bars, adjusting them to the size of the threshold with a hacksaw. The finished bars are fastened together with self-tapping screws, fixing the corners with metal corners. In each corner, holes are additionally prepared for mounting on the floor.

The wooden frame is laid on the prepared area, its location is marked with a pencil, after which holes are drilled for the dowels. The next stage is the installation of the frame on the floor with the fixing of the chipboard sheet in the upper part with self-tapping screws. The finished threshold is lined with suitable materials.

In conclusion, we note that the threshold is really an important condition not only for the aesthetic appearance of the area in front of the balcony, but also for maintaining heat in the room with the onset of cold weather.

You can equip the threshold with your own hands from scrap materials, from an old plastic window sill to wooden slats. The main thing is to correctly calculate the dimensions of the structure, taking into account the distance from the floor to the door strip and think over the material for insulation, which increases the operational properties of the finished product.

It is also important to consider the finishing options for the finished structure. The threshold should be in harmony with the interior of the room, despite the fact that most of the time it will be masked by curtains.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZNqreayWiQ Video can "t be loaded: The best solution for finishing thresholds (access to a" cold "balcony or loggia) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZNqreayWiQ)

The need to replace a balcony door is not so rare. For example, when the overhaul is finished in the apartment, and the old wooden structure spoils the interior with its appearance. Or it has fallen into disrepair, and it no longer makes sense to repair, paint, insulate it. As a rule, they change not only the balcony doors, but the entire block (together with the window), update the window sill, low tide, slopes. When planning your installation, follow the rules.

Balcony block - reliable protection by cold

Before starting work on the installation of a new design, you need to deal with old door.

The first step will be to dismantle the used door leaf. It just needs to be removed from the hinges.
Next, we disassemble the box itself - usually this is done with the help of a small scrap. You can break or file it if necessary. Do not forget to "pick out" old nails, screws, screws from the wall opening, on which it was fixed.
After removing the balcony doors, the entire block must be thoroughly cleaned of the opening from dust, dirt, small debris formed (chipped plaster, concrete). Feel free to use suitable cleaning agents. Then let the surface dry thoroughly.

We take a roulette

Now comes the time for one of the most important stages - taking measurements for new doors. There are several parameters you need to pinpoint.

The main thing is to make the measurement correctly

We determine the width as follows - first we determine the total (this is the distance between the two side slopes). Using a metal ruler, the width of the slopes themselves is also measured. Further, these two numbers are added, and 4 cm is subtracted from the resulting amount.This value will become the desired width. Measurements are taken at the bottom of the opening.
We measure the height along the side slopes (on the right, on the left - from the outside of the balcony). Try to apply the tape as tightly as possible.

Measure everything several times - double-check yourself

Professionals advise, in addition to roulette, to use building level, in order to identify in time the possible curvature of the opening horizontally, vertically. This situation is typical for older buildings. Sometimes because of this, they allow serious errors in determining the width and height. If necessary, the surfaces for mounting a balcony door are leveled using a cement-sand mortar

If you are not sure about the received figures, call for measurements experienced master... Errors at this stage will further lead to installation problems, operational difficulties

We put a new

So, they brought you a new door. Before starting the installation, check if the product has any defects (scratches, chips, low-quality fittings, etc.). Disassemble the structure (remove from the hinges door leaf, attach the handle to it).
Initially, engage in securing the new door frame (leave a small gap between it and the wall). Attach the structure to the wall with dowels, level it (using spacer wedges and a level). When finished, install the fasteners after drilling the holes.

Before installing the door, you must remove the glass unit

Note. Between the box and the mounting surfaces, it is better to leave a gap (only a few millimeters) in order to avoid rapid wear of the frame, to reduce the load on it.

Mount the window sill and threshold (it is better to match it to the floor covering).
Fill the gaps with insulation (polymer foam, mineral wool, other material).
Hang the door leaf on the hinges. It is better to involve an assistant in this process. Make sure that there are no distortions.
The final touch will be the assembly of the fittings. When you're done with that, check out how everything works.

If the installation of the balcony door is done correctly, it will open and close easily; in the closed position, no gaps will be visible between the doors and the frame.

What to choose?

Planning to replace balcony block, apartment owners today are increasingly opting for PVC doors and windows. The reasons for this are affordable price, durability of operation, attractive appearance. In addition, you can implement it yourself if there are problems.

1 area of use

This standard applies to assembly seams of joints of window and external door blocks (hereinafter - window blocks) to wall openings.

The standard is used in the design, development of design and technological documentation, as well as in the construction, reconstruction and repair of buildings and structures for various purposes, taking into account the requirements of the current building codes and regulations. The requirements of the standard also apply when replacing window blocks in operated premises.

The requirements of this standard can be applied in the design of assembly joints for junction points of stained-glass and other facade structures, as well as assembly joints for interfacing structures.

The standard does not apply to assembly seams of junction points for special-purpose window units (for example, fire-prevention, explosion-proof, etc.), as well as products intended for use in unheated rooms.

The standard can be used for certification purposes.

In this standard, references are made to the following standards:
GOST 166-89 Calipers. Technical conditions
GOST 427-75 Measuring metal rulers. Technical conditions
GOST 2678-94 Roll roofing and waterproofing materials. Test methods
GOST 7076-99 Building materials and products. Method for determination of thermal conductivity and thermal resistance under stationary thermal conditions
GOST 7502-98 Metal measuring tapes. Technical conditions
GOST 7912-74 Rubber. Method for determining the temperature limit of brittleness
GOST 10174-90 Polyurethane foam gaskets for windows and doors. Technical conditions
GOST 17177-94 Thermal insulation building materials and products. Test methods
GOST 23166-99 Window blocks. General specifications
GOST 24700-99 Wooden window blocks with double-glazed windows. Technical conditions
GOST 25898-83 Building materials and products. Methods for determining resistance to vapor permeation
GOST 26433.0-85 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Measurement rules. General Provisions
GOST 26433.1-89 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Measurement rules. Prefabricated elements
GOST 26433.2-94 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Rules for measuring the parameters of buildings and structures
GOST 26589-94 Roofing and waterproofing materials. Test methods
GOST 26602.1-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining resistance to heat transfer
GOST 26602.2-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining air and water permeability
GOST 26602.3-99 Window and door blocks. Method for determining sound insulation
GOST 30673-99 PVC profiles for window and door blocks. Technical conditions

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions are used in this standard:

Node of junction of a window block to a wall opening- a constructive system that ensures the conjugation of the wall window opening (including elements of the outer and inner slopes) with the box of the window block, which includes an assembly seam, a window sill, a drain, as well as facing and fasteners.

Mounting clearance- the space between the surface of the wall opening and the frame of the window (door) block.

Assembly seam- an element of the junction unit, which is a combination of various insulating materials used to fill the mounting gap and having specified characteristics.

Forceful operational impact on the assembly seam- the impact arising from the mutual displacements of the window box (frame) and the wall opening when the linear dimensions change from temperature, humidity and other influences, as well as during the shrinkage of buildings.

Deformation resistance of the assembly seam- the ability of the assembly seam to maintain the specified characteristics while changing the linear dimensions of the assembly gap as a result of various operating influences.

4 Classification

4.1 Structures of assembly joints of the nodes of junction of window blocks to wall openings are classified according to the following operational characteristics:

Resistance to heat transfer;

Resistance to power operational influences;

Air permeability;

Water permeability;

Soundproofing;

Vapor permeability.

4.2 Indicators of the main performance characteristics of assembly joints are subdivided into classes according to Table 1.

4.3 The class of the assembly seam in terms of resistance to heat transfer, air and water permeability, vapor permeability, deformation resistance, sound insulation is set in the working documentation for the nodes of the joining of window blocks to wall openings.

4.4 Resistance of assembly seams to power operational influences is classified according to the deformation resistance indicator. As an indicator of deformation resistance, the value of the ratio of the value of the greatest change in the specified size of the assembly seam (without destruction or critical decrease in the specified characteristics) to the value of the specified seam size, expressed as a percentage, is taken.

4.5 The classification signs of the vapor permeability of assembly joints are:

The value and ratio of the resistance to vapor permeation of the layers (materials) of the assembly seam;

The value of the increment of the calculated mass ratio of moisture in the material of the central layer of the seam during the period of moisture absorption.

The vapor barrier properties of assembly joints can also be characterized by design features. For example, the presence or absence of a vapor barrier between the foam insulation and the surface of the wall opening.

Requirements for the vapor barrier of assembly joints and their values are established in the design and construction documentation for specific construction projects.

4.6 The conventional designation of the assembly seam must include the letter designation "ШМ" - the assembly seam, numeric designations of the classes in terms of heat transfer resistance and deformation resistance.

An example of a conventional designation of an assembly seam:

ShM III – I GOST 30971-2002 - assembly seam with classes for resistance to heat transfer - III, deformation resistance - I.

In the contract, passport and other documentation for assembly seams, it is recommended to additionally indicate the classification of seams according to other classified parameters, as well as other technical information as agreed between the manufacturer and the consumer. If necessary, it is allowed to give specific values (ranges of values) of the technical characteristics of assembly joints and materials used for their device, confirmed by test results

5 Technical requirements

5.1 General

5.1.1 The assembly seam consists of three layers, which are subdivided according to their main functional purpose:

outdoor - waterproof, vapor-permeable;

central - heat-insulating;

internal - vapor barrier.

Each of the layers of the assembly seam can, in addition to the main ones, perform and additional functions(for example, the outer layer may have significant resistance to heat transfer), which must be taken into account when determining the design characteristics of the structure. The schematic diagram of the assembly seam is shown in Figure 1.

5.1.2 The construction of assembly joints is established in the working documentation for assembly units for the abutment of specific types of window blocks to wall openings, taking into account the current building codes and requirements of this standard. Examples of constructional solutions for assembly joints are given in Appendix A.

5.1.3 Structures of assembly joints must be resistant to various operational influences: atmospheric factors, temperature and humidity influences from the room, force (temperature, shrinkage, etc.) deformations.

I - outer waterproof vapor-permeable layer;
II - central heat-insulating layer;
III - inner vapor barrier layer
Figure 1 - Schematic diagram of the assembly seam

5.1.4 The choice of materials for the installation of assembly seams and the determination of the dimensions of the assembly gaps should be made taking into account possible operational (temperature, sedimentary) changes in the linear dimensions of window blocks and wall openings in terms of deformation resistance. In this case, elastic insulating materials intended for operation in a compressed state must be selected taking into account their design (working) degree of compression.

5.1.5 The value of the resistance to heat transfer of the assembly joint must ensure the temperature inner surface window slope and structure not lower than required by building codes and regulations.

The values of the indicators of air, - water permeability, sound insulation of assembly joints should not be lower than the values of these indicators for the used window blocks.

5.1.6 Depending on the configuration of the surfaces of the wall openings, the assembly seams can be straight (window opening without a quarter) or angular (window opening with a quarter).

5.1.7 From the outside, the assembly seams can be protected with special profile parts: rain-proof strips, sound-insulating linings, etc.

From the inside, the assembly seams can be closed with a plaster layer or with details for facing window slopes.

5.2 Outer layer requirements

5.2.1 The outer layer of the assembly joint must be waterproof when exposed to rain at a given (calculated) pressure drop between the outer and inner surfaces of the assembly joint.

5.2.2 For the construction of the outer layer, it is recommended to use materials that adhere to the surface window openings and boxes of window blocks. The peeling resistance (adhesive strength) of tape and film materials should be at least 0.3 kgf / cm2, and the adhesion strength of sealants should be at least 0.1 MPa (1.0 kgf / cm2).

5.2.3 The materials of the outer layer must be resistant to operating temperatures in the range:

for conventional seams - from minus 35 ° C to 70 ° C;

for frost-resistant seams - from below minus 36 ° C to 70 ° C.

Note - The lower limit of negative operating temperatures, confirmed by the test results, is indicated in the accompanying documentation (passport) for the material of the outer layer.

5.2.4 Insulating materials of the outer layer (not protected during operation from exposure to sunlight) must be resistant to UV radiation (the total dose of radiation to the front surfaces during testing is at least 5 GJ / m2).

5.2.5 The materials of the outer layer should not interfere with the removal of vaporous moisture from the central layer of the joint. The value of the vapor permeability coefficient of the outer layer material is not less than 0.15 mg / (m * h * Pa). The use of vapor barrier materials as materials for the outer layer is not allowed, except for the cases of using sealing materials in combination with a plaster solution that ensures the required vapor permeability of the outer layer.

5.3 Requirements for the core layer

5.3.1 The central insulating layer must provide the required resistance to heat transfer of the assembly seam. The value of the resistance to heat transfer should be in the range of values of this indicator for the wall and window construction.

5.3.2 Filling the assembly seam with heat-insulating materials should be continuous in cross-section, without voids, gaps, cracks and overflows. Delamination, through gaps, crevices and sinks with a maximum dimension of 10 mm are not allowed.

5.3.3 Resistance to vapor permeation of the central layer of the assembly seam should be in the range of values of this indicator for the outer and inner layers.

5.3.4 Adhesive strength of adhesion of assembly foam heaters to the surfaces of window openings and boxes of window blocks must be at least 0.1 MPa (1.0 kgf / cm2).

5.3.5 Water absorption of foam insulation of the central layer during full immersion in 24 hours should not exceed 3% by weight.

5.3.6 If necessary, to prevent the effect of moisture from the side of the wall opening on the central insulating layer (in the plane of possible condensation), it is allowed to install a vapor barrier tape between the inner surface of the wall opening and the assembly seam.

5.4 Core layer requirements

5.4.1 Vapor barrier materials of the inner layer of the assembly seam must have a vapor permeability coefficient of not more than 0.01 mg / (m * h / * Pa).

5.4.2 Vapor barrier materials of the inner layer must have resistance to peeling (adhesion strength) from the surfaces forming the mounting gap, not lower than the values specified in 5.2.2 for the materials of the outer layer.

5.4.3 The construction and materials of the inner layer must ensure reliable insulation of the materials of the central layer from the effects of water vapor from the side of the room.

Vapor barrier materials along the inner contour of the installation gap must be laid continuously, without gaps, breaks and non-glued areas.

5.5 General requirements to materials

5.5.1 The materials used in the construction of assembly joints must comply with the requirements of standards, the terms of supply contracts and technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

5.5.2 The materials used for the installation of assembly joints are subdivided according to the range of operating temperatures at which installation work is allowed, into materials:

summer version (from + 35 ° С to + 5 ° С);

winter version (with operating temperatures below + 5 ° С).

5.5.3 Materials of the outer layer must be resistant to prolonged weathering.

The materials used for the device of various layers of the assembly seam must be compatible with each other, as well as with the materials of the wall opening, window frame and fasteners.

The durability of the materials (service life) used for the installation of the assembly seam must be at least 20 conventional years of operation (the durability indicator comes into effect from 01.01.2005).

5.5.4 The materials used in the construction of assembly seams must have a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision Authorities.

5.5.5 Materials for the installation of assembly joints should be stored in dry, heated ventilated rooms in compliance with the storage conditions specified in the regulatory documentation for these materials.

5.5.6 Requirements for fasteners and their installation are given in Appendix B.

5.6 Dimensional requirements

5.6.1 The nominal dimensions of the mounting gaps for the device of seams are set in the working drawings of the joints of the window blocks to the wall openings.

5.6.2 When establishing the dimensions of the assembly seams, take into account:

the configuration and dimensions of the window opening, the box of the window block and the window sill including their permissible maximum deviations;

expected changes in the linear dimensions of window openings and blocks during their operation from temperature and humidity deformations and shrinkage;

specifications materials of the assembly seam, based on ensuring the required resistance to operational loads (for example, the size of the outer insulating tape is selected based on the calculated degree of compression, which makes it possible to ensure that the specified values of water and vapor permeability are obtained);

temperature regime of installation work.

5.6.3 The nominal dimensions and configuration of window openings must correspond to those established in the working design documentation. Recommended maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions of the height and width of the opening: +15 mm. The deviation from the vertical and horizontal lines should not exceed 3.0 mm per 1 m, but no more than 8 mm for the entire height or width of the opening. Deviations from vertical and horizontal should be within the tolerance range of deviations in height and width.

5.6.4 Limit deviations from the overall dimensions of the boxes of window blocks are set in the normative documentation for the product.

1 When installing wooden window blocks

2 When installing window blocks made of aluminum and PVC profiles

a) window blocks made of aluminum alloys with a side size up to 2000 mm

b) window blocks made of white PVC profiles with a side size up to 2000 mm, as well as aluminum window blocks with a side size from 2000 mm to 3500 mm.

c) window blocks made of white PVC profiles with a side size from 2000 mm to 3500 mm, as well as from profiles of other colors with a side size up to 2000 mm.
Figure 2 - Dimensions of mounting gaps (seams) when installing window blocks
from various materials according to GOST 23166

Deviations from the vertical and horizontal lines of the details of the boxes of the mounted window units should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m of length, but no more than 3 mm at the height of the product.

5.7 Requirements for the preparation of the mounting gap surfaces

5.7.1 When preparing the window structure and opening for installation, the requirements of 5.6.3, 5.6.4 must be observed.

5.7.2 The edges and surfaces of external and internal slopes should not have gouges, cavities, mortar overflows and other damage with a height (depth) of more than 5 mm. Defective spots must be filled with waterproof compounds. Voids in the wall opening (for example, cavities at the joints of the cladding and base layers brickwork, at the joints of lintels and masonry, as well as voids formed when removing boxes when replacing windows) should be filled with inserts from hard insulation or antiseptic wood.

Oil contaminated surfaces should be degreased. Loose, crumbling areas of surfaces must be hardened (treated with binders or special film materials).

5.7.3 Before installing insulating materials in the assembly seam, the surfaces of window openings and structures must be cleaned of dust and dirt, and in winter conditions - from snow, ice, frost, followed by heating of the surface.

5.7.4 General requirements for the performance of work when installing assembly joints are given in Appendix B.

6 Acceptance rules

6.1 Acceptance of finished assembly joints is carried out at construction sites in batches. The number of window openings with installed window blocks and completed assembly seams, made according to the same technology and issued with one acceptance certificate (quality document), is taken as a batch.

6.2 Acceptance of assembly joints is carried out by carrying out:

Incoming quality control of the materials used;

Quality control of preparation of window openings and window blocks;

Monitoring compliance with the requirements for the installation of window units;

Production operational control;

Acceptance tests in the course of work;

Classification and periodic laboratory tests of materials and assembly joints carried out by testing centers (laboratories).

Incoming quality control of materials and products, quality control of the preparation of window openings and the installation of window blocks, as well as periodic tests during the production of installation seams are carried out by the construction laboratory or the quality control service of the construction (installation) organization.

The results of all types of control are recorded in the appropriate quality logs.

Completion of work on the installation of assembly seams is drawn up with an act for hidden work and an act of acceptance.

6.3 Incoming quality control of materials and products during their receipt and storage is carried out in accordance with the requirements of ND and project documentation. At the same time, they check the certificates of conformity, sanitary and epidemiological conclusions, expiration dates, labeling of products (containers), as well as the fulfillment of the conditions established in the supply contracts.

6.4 Quality control of the preparation of window openings and the installation of window blocks is carried out in accordance with the technological documentation for the production of installation work, taking into account the requirements of the current regulatory documentation and this standard. At the same time, they check:

Preparation of surfaces of window openings and window blocks;

Dimensions (maximum deviations) of window openings and blocks;

Deviations from dimensions when installing window blocks;

Deviations from the dimensions of the mounting clearances;

Other requirements established in the working design and technological documentation.

The quality of the preparation of window openings is drawn up by an act of acceptance of window openings.

6.5 Production operational quality control is carried out by the responsible performer of work sequentially for each operation technological process according to the requirements of the manufacturer's documentation.

6.6 Acceptance tests in the course of work on the installation of assembly seams are carried out by the quality control service (construction laboratory) of the construction organization at least 1 time per shift. At the same time, they check:

the quality of installation of assembly tapes (including their adhesion strength to the joint surfaces), insulation and other materials (upon completion of work on each layer of the seam);

temperature and humidity parameters of work conditions.

If the technology for installing window blocks provides for a two-three-day installation period (for example, the first day - installation of window blocks on assembly wedges and laying the materials of the outer layer; the second day - applying assembly materials of the central and inner layers), then the quality control of the assembly seam is carried out on the same window blocks.

6.7 Classification and periodic laboratory tests are carried out at the request of design, construction and other organizations to confirm the classification characteristics and performance of assembly joints. The tests are carried out in testing centers (laboratories) accredited to carry out such tests.

It is allowed to determine the characteristics of assembly joints by calculation methods according to the normative documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

6.8 The manufacturer confirms the acceptance of assembly joints by issuing a quality document (passport), which must contain:

Name and address of the installer;

Name and address of the place of work;

Designation and (or) description of the structure with a list of used insulating materials, drawings, technical characteristics of the assembly seam (including fasteners);

The number of assembly joints presented for acceptance;

Date of registration of the passport;

Quality service stamp and signature of the person in charge;

Warranty obligations;

Other information based on specific working conditions.

6.9 Acceptance of work on the installation of installation seams is drawn up with an acceptance certificate signed by the contractor and the customer, to which a quality document (passport), copies of the approval and measurement protocols and, at the customer's request, sanitary and epidemiological conclusions for insulating materials are attached.

6.10 In the event of any controversial (arbitration) issues regarding the quality of the assembly joints during the warranty period, the customer has the right to demand a control opening of the assembly joints. In this case, it is recommended to use the control plan given in Table 2.

A batch of assembly seams is accepted if the number of defective seams in the first sample is less than or equal to the acceptance number, and rejected without assigning a second sample if the number of defective seams is greater than or equal to the acceptance number. If the number of defective seams in the first sample is more than the acceptance number, but less than the rejection number, they go to the second stage of control and produce the second sample.

A batch of assembly joints is accepted if the number of defective joints in the second sample is less than or equal to the acceptance number.

If the number of defective seams of the acceptance number is exceeded during the second stage, all assembly seams must be opened and checked individually. Defective assembly seams must be repaired and re-checked.

7 Test methods

7.1 Methods for testing materials during incoming quality control are established in the technological documentation, taking into account the requirements of ND for these materials. Test methods for production operational quality control are established in the technological documentation, taking into account the requirements of this standard.

7.2 Surface preparation of window openings (5.7) is assessed visually. The geometric dimensions of the mounting gaps and the dimensions of the defects are measured using a tape measure in accordance with GOST 7502, a ruler in accordance with GOST 427, a caliper in accordance with GOST 166 using the methods in accordance with GOST 26433.0 and GOST 26433.1.

7.3 When measuring deviations from the plumb line (vertical) and the horizontal level of the corresponding surfaces of window openings and structures, the measurement rules in accordance with GOST 26433.2 should be used.

7.4 The appearance and quality of the installation of elements and the arrangement of the layers of the assembly seam are assessed visually from a distance of 400-600 mm at an illumination of at least 300 lux.

7.5 Determination of adhesion strength (adhesion) of sealing tapes and gaskets to structural elements during periodic tests during the performance of work is carried out in the following sequence:

through a dedicated cutting tool(for example, a cutter) cut the edge of the tape installed on the surface of the mounting joint;

the edge of the tape is clamped in a special grip and, through the dynamometer, is torn off along the normal to the adhesion surface, while fixing the separation force;

Peeling of the tape should occur with a force of at least 0.3 kg / cm.

7.6 Methods of acceptance and periodic laboratory tests

7.6.1 The heat transfer resistance of assembly joints is determined by the calculation method as the sum of the thermal resistances of individual layers, taking into account the heat transfer coefficients of the inner and outer wall surfaces or during laboratory tests in accordance with GOST 26601.1. In this case, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the materials used is taken according to the test results in accordance with GOST 7076 or other regulatory documents. Evaluation temperature regime knots of junction of the window block to the wall opening are carried out by laboratory tests or by calculation method according to the methods approved in the prescribed manner, taking into account the provisions of Appendix G.

7.6.2 Air - water permeability of assembly joints is determined in accordance with GOST 26602.2.

The tests are carried out using a special device, the design of which is shown in Figure 3. The device is a cassette (for example, wooden) with a blank panel installed in it. Internal cassette bars simulate the size and configuration of the slopes of the window opening.

The panel is a box of a window block, sheathed on both sides with sheet material (for example, waterproof plywood according to ND).

The cassette and panel surfaces must be waterproofed.

The gap between the cassette and the sample of the window block, as well as the design and technology of the assembly seam device, are taken in accordance with the constructive solution of the abutment unit adopted in the project documentation.

The device is installed in the opening of the test chamber on sealing gaskets.

Test conditions are specified in the test program.

7.6.3 Sound insulation is determined in accordance with GOST 26602.3. For the test, use the device according to 7.6.2. The internal volume of the panel is sheathed with sheet sound-absorbing material and filled with dry sand. The device is installed in the opening of the test chamber on a soundproofing putty. The panel design must provide sound insulation of at least 40 dBA.

7.6.4 The resistance of the outer insulating layer to the effects of ultraviolet irradiation is determined using the test mode given in GOST 30673 (irradiation in the Xenotest apparatus). The tests are carried out on three samples of materials of the insulating layer with a length of at least 200 mm. The test result is considered satisfactory if, after testing, there are no breaks, cracks, pits, delamination and drips on the surface of each sample.

A, B, H - panel dimensions

s, h - dimensions of the gaps for the assembly seam.

1 - cassette with overhead bars; 2 - overhead bars; 3 - vapor-proof tape; 4 - foam insulation; 5 - panel box; 6 - panel filling (for example, soundproofing material); 7 - sound-absorbing pad; 8 - panel sheathing; 9 - waterproof gasket

Figure 3 - Device for testing assembly joints for air permeability and sound insulation

7.6.5 The resistance to vapor permeability and vapor permeability of the materials of the assembly seam are determined in accordance with GOST 25898.

7.6.6 Water absorption of heaters is determined by srp pc = divided according to GOST 17177.

7.6.7 Peel resistance (adhesive strength) of film and tape materials of the outer and inner insulating layers is determined according to GOST 10174. The adhesion strength of sealants to the base is determined according to GOST 26589, method B (one of the samples to be glued is made of aluminum alloy or polyvinyl chloride 3 -5 mm).

7.6.8 To determine the adhesive strength of foam insulation, set the amount of force required to break the bond between the insulation and construction material under the action of tensile forces directed perpendicular to the contact plane.

The number of test pieces is at least 5.

7.6.8.1 Apparatus and accessories

Breaking machine, providing destruction of the sample with the active gripper movement speed (10 ± 1) mm / min and allowing to measure the value of the breaking force with an error of no more than 1%;

A special fixture installed in the clamps of the testing machine. The device should ensure that the longitudinal axis of the specimen coincides with the direction of the applied force.

7.6.8.2 Test pieces

Samples are made by pouring and foaming insulation in a metal mold with an inner diameter of (51 ± 0.5) mm and a height of at least 30 mm, in the bottom of which a disk made of a structural material (for example, polyvinyl chloride or aluminum alloy) is fixed. The inner cylindrical surfaces of the mold are lubricated with a grease. The surface of the disc must be free from grease.

After foaming and hardening, the insulation by mechanical processing it is brought in diameter to the size of a disk (50 ± 0.5) mm, and in height - up to (30 ± 1) mm. It is allowed to use rectangular specimens with the size [(50x50x30) ± 0.5] mm. The two samples obtained in this way are glued in pairs with epoxy glue.

7.6.8.3 Procedure and processing of test results

The glued sample is placed in the clamps of the machine using fixtures. The tests are carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 2) ° С and at a speed of movement of the grippers of the machine (10 ± 1) mm / min.

Stretching is carried out until the sample breaks or peels off the substrate, while the highest load achieved during the tests is recorded.

Both parts of the tested sample are subjected to visual inspection to determine the nature of the destruction (insulation, adhesive seam, or mixed).

The adhesion strength of the insulation to the structural material σ, MPa (kgf / cm2), is calculated by the formula

where Pmax is the maximum force at separation or destruction of the sample, kgf.

S - area cross section sample, cm2.

The arithmetic mean of the test results of the samples is taken as the test result.

7.6.9 Deformation resistance the assembly seam is determined by maximum value its deformation under the influence of a force directed perpendicular to the plane of the assembly seam, at which its integrity is preserved. It is allowed to carry out this type of testing of the assembly seam on foam insulation.

The number of test pieces is at least 3.

7.6.9.1 Apparatus and accessories

Breaking machine, providing destruction of the sample with the speed of active gripping (10 ± 1) mm / min and allowing to set the value of the breaking force with an error of no more than 1%;

A special device with a collar for placing samples of the assembly seam. During testing, the device must ensure that the transverse axis of the sample coincides with the direction of the applied force (Figure 4).

A special device for the preparation of samples of foam insulation and their installation in a testing machine (the diagram of the device is shown in Figure 4a).

b - seam thickness;

1 - clip made of aluminum or stainless steel, 3 mm thick;

2 - a sample of the tested assembly seam

Figure 4 - Scheme of a device for testing assembly joints for deformation resistance

I is the position of the plates at a given (initial) sample thickness (h1);

II - position of the plates at the highest compression of the sample (h2);

III - position of the plates at the highest tension of the sample (h3);

1 - device body; 2 - material sample; 3 - aluminum plates with a thickness of at least 2.0 mm; 4 - grease

Figure 4a - Diagram of a device for sample preparation and testing of foam insulation for deformation resistance

7.6.9.2 Test pieces

Samples of the assembly seam for testing are obtained by layer-by-layer filling of the cage of a special device with insulating materials in accordance with the design solution and the technology of installation work (Figure 4).

Samples of foam insulation for testing are obtained by filling it with the body of the device shown in Figure 4a. The inner diameter of the body, which determines the size of the sample, is (60 + 0.2) mm, the height of the inner cavity of the body is 30 mm (excluding the thickness of the restrictive plates). The inside of the housing must be greased with grease. An aluminum plate (60-0.2) mm in diameter is placed on the bottom of the device body before pouring the foam. The second plate with a diameter of (65-0.5) mm is installed in the upper part of the body in the form of a lid and rigidly fixed in any way. The foam is poured into a hole with a diameter of 8 mm in the side wall of the case. To remove excess foam, provide the same hole on the other side of the body. After pouring the foam, the sample is kept for at least a day, after which the sample is removed from the housing.

7.6.9.3 Test procedure

A clip with a sample of the assembly seam (or a sample of foam insulation) is installed in the grips of the machine. The sample, which is a cylinder of hardened foam sandwiched between two aluminum plates, is placed in the grips of the machine. The test is carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 2) ° С by successive stretching and compression of the sample. The amount of stretching and compression in millimeters is set based on the purpose of the assembly seam. Produce at least 20 cycles of stretching-compression of the sample. Between each cycle, the sample is held without load for at least 20 minutes.

7.6.9.4 Evaluation of test results

After completion of the test, visually inspect the surfaces of the samples. The test result is considered satisfactory if each sample does not show through delamination and destruction.

Deformation stability φ,%, is determined by the formula

where Δh is the size of the punch movement (the difference between the thickness of the sample under tension and compression), mm;

h1 - specified (initial) sample thickness, mm.

7.6.10 The resistance of the assembly seam to the effect of operating temperatures is determined by the materials of the outer insulating layer. Frost resistance is assessed by the brittleness temperature in accordance with GOST 7912 (bending diameter 400 mm) and heat resistance in accordance with GOST 2678.

7.6.11 The durability (service life) of the assembly seam is determined according to ND and methods approved in the prescribed manner. Material compatibility is confirmed by durability tests of the assembly seam.

8 Work contractor's warranties

The contractor guarantees the compliance of the assembly joints with the requirements of this standard, provided that the operational loads on the assembly joints do not exceed the calculated ones (specified in the design documentation).

The warranty period for the assembly seam is established in the contract between the manufacturer of the work and the customer, but not less than 5 years from the date of signing the acceptance certificate.

Examples of design solutions

1 - foam insulation; 2 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 3 - frame dowel; 4 - sealant; 5 - vapor barrier tape; 6 - expansion joint of the mounting gap (can be used to insulate the slope and isolate the foam insulation from the plane of possible condensation); 7 - plaster layer of the inner slope (with a chamfer for the sealant layer)

Note - Here and below are given schematic diagrams adjacency nodes, the proportions of individual elements of the adjacency nodes may not be observed. When developing design solutions for specific junction nodes, it is allowed to combine individual elements of the nodes shown in the figures of this appendix, as well as apply other solutions that do not contradict the requirements of this standard.

Figure A.1 - The node of the lateral abutment of the window block to the opening with a quarter in the brick wall, with the finishing of the inner slope with plaster mortar

1 - plaster layer of the outer slope (with a chamfer for the sealant layer); 2 - construction screw; 3 - sealant; 4 - false quarter from the corner; 5 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 6 - frame dowel; 7 - foam insulation; 8 - sealant; 9 - vapor barrier tape; 10 - finishing element of the inner slope; 11 * - hereinafter, the cavity can be filled thermal insulation material; 12 - rail

Figure A.2 - Node of lateral abutment of a window block to an opening without a quarter in a brick wall and finishing of an inner slope with a facing panel

1 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 2 - foam insulation; 3 - flexible anchor plate; 4 - sealant; 5 - vapor barrier tape; 6 - a dowel with a locking screw; 7 - plaster layer of the inner slope (with a chamfer for the sealant layer); 8 - reinforcing mesh

Note - In the event that the heat engineering calculations do not confirm the required temperature of the surfaces of the inner slopes, it is recommended to use window blocks with an extended frame or increase the size of the outer quarter using construction materials.

Figure A.3 - Node of lateral abutment of a window block to an opening with a quarter of a layered brick wall with effective insulation and finishing of the inner slope with plaster mortar

1 - window board; 2 - foam insulation; 3 - vapor barrier tape; 4 - flexible anchor plate; 5 - support block for the window sill; 6 - plaster mortar; 7 - dowel with a locking screw; 8 - an insert made of antiseptic lumber; 9 - waterproof vapor-permeable tape; 10 - noise-absorbing gasket; 11 - drain; 12 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape

Figure A.4 - Node of the lower abutment of the window block, window sill and drain to the opening of a layered wall with an effective insulation

1 - an insert made of certified sawn timber; 2 - a dowel with a locking screw; 3 - reinforcing mesh; 4 - plaster layer of the inner slope (with a chamfer for the sealant layer), finishing with sheet material is possible (moisture-resistant panel); 5 - flexible anchor plate; 6 - vapor barrier tape; 7 - sealant; 8 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 9 - steel lintel with anti-corrosion coating; 10 - foam insulation;

Figure A.5 - The node of the upper abutment of the window block to the lintel made of a steel corner in the opening of a multilayer wall with brick cladding

1 - foam insulation; 2 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 3 - frame dowel; 4 - sealant; 5 - vapor barrier tape; 6 - interior slope finishing panel; 7 - rail; 8 - plaster leveling layer of the inner slope

Figure A.6 - The node of the lateral abutment of the window block to the opening with a quarter in the wall made of aerated concrete blocks (with a density of 400 - 450 kg / m3) with brick cladding and finishing of the inner slope with a panel

1 - plaster layer of the outer slope (with a chamfer for the sealant layer); 2 - sealant; 3 - cover strip; 4 - spacer (washer); 5 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 6 - foam insulation; 7 - frame dowel; 8 - sealant; 9 - vapor barrier tape; 10 - plaster layer of the inner slope (with a chamfer for the sealant layer)

Figure A.7 - Node of lateral adhesion of a window block to an opening without a quarter in a wall made of aerated concrete blocks with a facade finish, external and internal slopes with plaster mortar

1 - finishing element of the outer window slope; 2 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 3 - waterproof vapor-permeable tape; 4 - frame dowel; 5 - foam insulation; 6 - vapor barrier tape; 7 - decorative strip

Figure A.8 - Node of lateral junction of a window block to a wall opening made of concrete with external insulation of the facade and installation of an internal decorative strip

1 - foam insulation; 2 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 3 - flexible anchor plate; 4 - decorative strip; 5 - vapor barrier tape; 6 - finishing element of the inner slope; 7 - dowel with a locking screw

Figure A.9 - Node of lateral abutment of the window block to the opening wall panel with trim panel on the inner slope

1 - vapor barrier tape; 2 - window board; 3 - foam insulation; 4 - plaster mortar; 5 - support block for the window sill; 6 - sound-absorbing gasket; 7 - drain; 8 - waterproof vapor-permeable tape; 9 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape;

Figure A.10 - Node of the lower abutment of the window block, window sill and drain to the opening of the wall panel

1 - waterproof tape; 2 - waterproof vapor-permeable tape; 3 - insert made of material with low thermal conductivity; 4 - foam insulation; 5 - vapor barrier tape; 6 - flexible anchor plate; 7 - sealant

Figure A.11 - Mounting seam in the junction of the balcony door frame made of PVC profile (127 mm) to the wall opening

1– noise absorbing pad; 2 - waterproof vapor-permeable tape; 3 - foam insulation; 4 - vapor barrier tape; 5 - bearing support block; 6 - sealant

Figure A.12 - Installation seam at the junction of the window frame made of PVC profile (127 mm), window sill and ebb in the opening of a single-layer wall

1 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 2 - additional; 3 - sealant; 4 - moisture resistant plasterboard with a vapor barrier coating; 5 - foam insulation

Figure A.13 - Node of lateral and upper abutment of a window block made of PVC profiles to a wall opening with a quarter and finishing of the inner slope with panels

1 - finishing of the outer slope with plaster mortar with a vapor permeability coefficient in accordance with the requirements of this standard; 2 - vapor-permeable facade painting; 3 - foam insulation; 4 - sealant; 5 - frame dowel; 6 - sealant; 7 - paint vapor barrier; 8 - a layer of plaster mortar with a high coefficient of resistance to vapor permeation

Figure A.14 - Assembly seam of the junction of the window block to the wall opening with finishing of the outer slope and facade with a vapor-permeable plaster mortar

1 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 2 - connector

Figure A.15 - Junction box for window boxes

1 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape; 2 - corner connector

Figure A.16 - Window frame corner joint assembly

1 - feed channel warm air from the heating device to the window block (strobe in the plaster screed); 2 - window board; 3 - decorative grill of the outlet

Figure A.17 - Diagram of the lower junction unit with the warm air supply channel from the heating device to the window block

Requirements for fasteners and their installation

B.1 Fasteners are designed for rigid fixation of window blocks to wall openings and for transferring wind and other operational loads to wall structures.

B.2 For fastening window boxes to wall openings, depending on the structure of the wall and the strength of the wall materials, various universal and special fasteners (parts and systems) are used, Figure B.1:

Expansion frame (anchor) dowels, metal or plastic, complete with screws. The screws can have a countersunk head or a cylindrical head;

Universal plastic dowels with locking screws;

Construction screws;

Flexible anchor plates.

Screws, screws and plates are made of stainless steel or steel with anti-corrosion zinc chromated coating with a thickness of at least 9 microns.

Fastening window frames and anchor plates to wall openings with nails is not allowed. If it is necessary to fasten the window block to walls made of low-strength materials, it is allowed to use special polymer anchor systems.

B.3 Spacer metal frame anchor dowels are used to provide resistance to high shear forces when attaching window blocks to walls made of concrete, brick, solid and with vertical voids, expanded clay concrete, aerated concrete, natural stone and other similar materials.

a - metal frame dowel;
b - plastic frame dowel;
c - a universal plastic dowel with a locking screw;
d - construction screws;
d - flexible anchor plate.

Figure B.1 - Examples of fasteners

Spacer plastic frame dowels are used in aggressive environments to prevent contact corrosion, as well as to thermally insulate the connected elements.

The length of the dowels is determined by calculation, depending on the operational loads, the size of the profile of the window block box, the width of the mounting gap and the wall material (the depth of the dowel embedment into the wall must be at least 40 mm, depending on the strength of the wall material). The diameter of the dowel is determined by calculation depending on the operational loads; in general, it is recommended to use dowels with a diameter of at least 8 mm. Dowel material - constructional polyamide according to ND. For the manufacture of screws and screws, steels with a ultimate tensile strength of at least 500 N / mm2 are used.

B.4 The bearing capacity of frame dowels (permissible pull-out loads) is taken according to the manufacturer's technical documentation. Reference values bearing capacity(permissible loads for pull-out and shear) of frame expansion dowels with a diameter of 10 mm are given in Table B.1.

B.5 Plastic dowels with locking screws are used to fasten window blocks to walls made of bricks with vertical voids, hollow blocks, lightweight concrete, wood and others. building materials with low compressive strength. The length and diameter of plastic dowels with locking screws are taken in the same way as in B.4. The use of construction screws is allowed for fastening window blocks to wooden mounting elements and draft boxes.

B.6 Flexible anchor plates are used to fasten window blocks to multilayer walls with effective insulation. Fastening to flexible anchor plates is possible when installing window units in other wall structures. Anchor plates are made of galvanized sheet steel with a thickness of at least 1.5 mm. The bending angle of the plate is selected locally and depends on the size of the mounting gap. Plates are fixed to window blocks prior to their installation in openings using construction screws with a diameter of at least 5 mm and a length of at least 40 mm. To a multi-layer wall, flexible anchor plates are attached to the inner layer of the wall with plastic dowels with locking screws (at least 2 attachment points for each plate) with a diameter of at least 6 mm and a length of at least 50 mm.

B.7 It is allowed to use other fasteners and systems, the design and conditions of use of which are established in the technical documentation.

B.8 To seal the dowels in the wall opening, holes are drilled. The drilling mode is selected depending on the strength of the wall material. The following drilling modes are distinguished:

B.9 The drilling depth of the holes should be more than the anchored part of the dowel by at least one screw diameter. To ensure the calculated pulling force, the diameter of the drilled hole should not exceed the diameter of the dowel itself, while the hole should be cleaned of drilling waste. The distance from the edge of the building structure when installing the dowels should not be less than twice the anchorage depth.

B.10 The location and configuration of fasteners should not lead to the formation of thermal bridges that reduce the thermal parameters of the assembly seam.

Options for fixing window blocks to walls are shown in Figure B.2. Recommended minimum penetration (screw-in depth) of construction screws and dowels are given in Table B.2.

B.11 The heads of the dowels and locking screws should be buried in the inner rebate of the box profile, the mounting holes should be closed with decorative caps (plugs).

a - fastening with spacer equal dowels;
b - fastening with construction screws;
c - fastening with flexible anchor plates
Figure B.2 - Schemes of fastening window blocks to the side slopes of openings

Appendix B
(required)

General requirements for the production of work on the installation of assembly seams

B.1 General requirements

B.1.1 Installation of assembly seams is performed simultaneously with the installation of window blocks. Installation should be carried out by specialized organizations according to technological documentation developed on the basis of standard installation instructions.

B.1.2 Typical instructions for the installation of window blocks and the arrangement of installation seams (including albums of design solutions for junction units) are developed by competent organizations. The standard instruction is coordinated with the regional building authorities. On its basis, specialized installation organizations, taking into account local climatic conditions and the requirements of territorial building codes are developing technological documentation for the production of installation work.

B.1.3 During the construction and reconstruction of construction projects, work on the installation of window blocks and the installation of assembly seams is carried out after the delivery of the building or its part for installation according to the acceptance certificate of window openings.

B.1.4 When repairing or replacing window blocks in operated premises, installation work is performed in a manner that ensures compliance with the requirements of this standard, taking into account the specific conditions of the facility as agreed with the customer.

B.2 The procedure for inspecting objects, carrying out design measurements and agreeing on the conditions for the production of work

B.2.1 Before the development of design solutions for junction units during reconstruction and overhaul buildings, as well as when replacing window blocks in operated premises, they conduct an examination of the conditions of the construction situation, the features of the operation of the premises and perform the necessary design measurements.

B.2.2 When inspecting a construction site, briefly describe its purpose, number of storeys, orientation, technical condition of the building (including the condition and structure of the wall), the condition of the ventilation and heating systems... If necessary, floor plans of the building are drawn up, window openings are numbered and the alignment of baselines with respect to the facade is determined. Measurements of the actual geometric dimensions of wall openings are carried out using the methods according to GOST 26433.0, GOST 26433.1 and GOST 26433.2 (while fixing deviations in the horizontal and vertical planes), at the same time assess the technical condition of the openings, their preparation for installation in accordance with the requirements of this standard and conditions order.

B.2.3 For the development of optimal design solutions and installation technology, the following should be agreed with the customer:

Drawings (sketches) of structures of window blocks to be installed, options for installing window blocks along the depth of the opening, dimensions of the window sill;

The proposed construction of the installation seam, including the choice of insulation materials and fasteners;

Structures of finishing elements (cladding parts) of the wall opening;

The sequence of works on dismantling of replaceable structures, restoration of slopes, installation of window blocks, installation of assembly seams, installation of ebbs, window sills and other elements;

The conditions for organizing the installation area for the production of work, as well as measures to ensure their safe conduct.

In addition, the specifics of the construction situation during the work should be discussed with the customer: the expected temperature and humidity conditions, the procedure for ventilating and heating the room, etc.

B.2.4 Design measurements, survey data and conditions agreed with the customer are drawn up with the appropriate documents: a sheet (map) of measurements and an agreement protocol.

B.3 Preparation of the opening

B.3.1 The preparation of openings can be preceded by a leader of baselines linked to the facade of the building, relative to which the window blocks will be placed vertically and horizontally.

B.3.2 Before the installation of assembly seams, the adjoining surfaces of the box of the window unit and the wall opening must be cleaned of dust, dirt, oil stains, ice and frost.

B.3.3 When repairing objects and replacing window blocks in operated premises, the surfaces of internal and external slopes destroyed during the removal of old windows should be leveled with plaster mortar without the formation of thermal bridges (cold bridges). The procedure for restoring damaged sections of the opening under the removed box is established locally in agreement with the customer.

B.3.4 In external enclosing structures of walls with low resistance to heat transfer and if it is necessary to place the box of the window unit outside the plane of possible condensation, it is required to insulate the surfaces of internal slopes with materials with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity.

B.3.5 In the absence of a quarter in the window opening, a false quarter is allowed (for example, the use of a corner made of weather-resistant polymeric materials or metal alloys). For the same purposes, it is allowed to use flashing strips without sealing the places of their abutment to the box of the window block or the surface of the wall opening (Appendix A, Figures A.2 and A.7).

B.4 Installation and fixing of window units

B.4.1 The installation site of the window unit along the depth of the wall opening is selected in accordance with the design solution.

When replacing window blocks in operated premises or in the absence of a design solution, a window block box in a uniform (single-layer) enclosing structure is recommended to be placed at a distance of no more than 2/3 of its thickness from the inner wall surface, and in layered walls with an effective insulation - in the zone of the insulation layer ...

B.4.2 Window blocks are set according to the level within the permissible deviations and are temporarily fixed with installation wedges or in another way in the places of corner joints of boxes and imposts (installation wedges are removed after the installation of the insulation layer, the places of their installation are filled with insulation material). In the lower junction of the box, it is allowed to use supporting (bearing) blocks as mounting supports (setting wedges). After installation and temporary fixation, the box of the window block is attached to the wall opening using fasteners (see Appendix B).

B.4.3 The choice of fasteners and the distance between them along the contour of the opening, as well as the depth of embedment in the thickness of the wall, are set in the working documentation based on the calculation depending on the area and weight of the window product, the design of the wall opening, the strength of the wall material, the size of wind and other operational loads.

The minimum distances between fasteners must not exceed:

For window frames made of wood - 800 mm;

For boxes made of aluminum alloys and white PVC profiles - 700 mm;

For boxes made of colored PVC profiles - 600 mm.

Distances from inner corner the box of the window block to the fastening element is (150-180) mm, and the distance from the mullion connection to the fastening element is (120-180) mm.

B.4.4 Transfer of power loads to the assembly seam is not allowed. To transfer the loads acting in the plane of the window block to the supporting building structure, support (load-bearing) blocks made of polymeric materials or impregnated protective equipment hardwood with a hardness of at least 80 units. Shore A. The number and location of the support blocks are determined in the working or technological documentation. The recommended shoe length is 100-120 mm. Support blocks are installed after fastening the window block to the wall opening with fasteners. The fit of the side shoes should be snug but not force impact on the profiles of the boxes. Examples of the location of support (bearing) blocks and fasteners are shown in Figure B.1

B.5 Construction of the assembly seam

B.5.1 The construction of the assembly seam is performed in accordance with the design and construction solution, in accordance with the technological documentation and the requirements of this standard. The installation gap is filled in layers, taking into account the temperature and humidity conditions. environment as well as the recommendations of the manufacturer of insulating materials. The procedure for the installation of mounting window seams in conditions of temperatures lower than those recommended by manufacturers of insulating materials (for example, using heating of materials and surfaces of building structures) should be provided for in the technological documentation.

B.5.2 When using self-expanding insulating tapes in the outer layer, the following requirements are taken into account:

To ensure a tight abutment in the horizontal and vertical directions of the seam, the tapes are cut along the length with an allowance of 1.0-1.5 cm on each side;

The tapes are attached by means of a self-adhesive mounting layer at a distance of 3-5 mm from the edge of the quarter along the inner / pimages1 / g30971p border = / pic31.gif / pneer surface of the window opening;

If a quarter, made of brick, has joining or recesses in the seams, then the tape is attached directly to the box of the window block before installing it in the opening;

Fracture of tapes at an angle is not allowed;

Bending of the tape is possible when insulating the seam of the window block with an arched or round configuration;

The application of a plaster layer, putty or coloring compounds on the vapor-permeable material of the outer layer is not allowed.

a - window block with vertical impost;

b - a window block with an impasse-free (shtulpovy) vestibule;

A is the distance between fasteners;

- supporting (bearing) blocks;

- fasteners (systems)

Figure B.1 - Examples of the location of support (bearing) blocks and fasteners

B.5.3 For the installation of a central heat- and sound-insulating layer, it is recommended to use foam insulation. Filling the installation gap with foam insulation should be performed with a fully assembled and finally fixed window unit, while monitoring the completeness and degree of filling of the installation gap.

Before starting work, a test test for the primary expansion of the foam material should be carried out in the ambient conditions of the installation area and during operation, do not allow excess foam to escape beyond the inner plane of the window block frame profile. Cutting off excess foam insulation is allowed only from the inside of the assembly seam, provided that a continuous vapor barrier layer is installed with vapor barrier tape.

In the case of using box profiles with a width of more than 80 mm and if the width of the installation gap exceeds the dimensions provided for in this standard by more than 1.5 times, the gap should be filled in layers, at intervals between layers according to the technology recommended by the manufacturer of the foam insulation.

B.5.4 The inner vapor barrier is installed continuously along the entire contour of the wall opening.

When using vapor barrier tape materials for insulation of the inner layer, the following requirements should be followed:

Cutting strips along their length should be performed with an overlap allowance at the corner joints;

The connection of the tapes with the surfaces of the window block and the wall opening along the entire perimeter should be tight, without folds and bulges;

When installing a vapor barrier tape under the plaster layer, tapes with an outer coating should be used, which ensures the necessary adhesion to the plaster mortar;

It is allowed to join tapes along their length on straight sections, with an overlap of at least 1/2 of the nominal width of the tape.

B.6 Arrangement of junction points of finishing elements (facing parts) of wall openings to window blocks

B.6.1 The places of abutment of the internal slopes (regardless of their design) to the box of the window block and the assembly seam should be sealed, and measures should be taken to exclude the manifestation of cracks and cracks during the operation. For example, sealing the abutments with sealants or other materials with sufficient deformation resistance.

B.6.2 When installing a window drain in the nodes adjacent to the wall opening and the box of the window block, measures should be taken to prevent moisture from entering the assembly seam, and gaskets (dampers) should be installed under the drains to reduce the noise effect of rain drops. The recommended overhang of the drain over the outer wall surface is 30-40 mm.

B.6.3 The joining of the window sill to the box of the window block is tight, airtight and resistant to deformation. It is recommended to install the window sill on supporting bearing pads and foam insulation.

B.6.4 At the junctions of individual boxes of window blocks with each other or their abutment to the pedestal, spacer, pivot or expansion profiles, measures should be taken to prevent the formation of thermal bridges. It is allowed to install self-expanding tapes or other insulating materials in such nodes along the entire contour of the abutment, providing the necessary resistance to heat transfer and deformation resistance.

B.6.5 Protective films from the profiles of sashes and frames are removed in accordance with the recommendations of the profile manufacturers, taking into account the conditions for safe work.

B.7 Safety requirements

When performing work on the installation of assembly seams, as well as when storing insulating and other materials, the requirements of building codes and regulations on safety in construction, rules fire safety in the course of construction and installation works and SSBT standards (labor safety standards system). For all technological operations and production processes safety instructions (including operations related to the operation of electrical equipment and work at height) should be developed.

Calculation method for assessing the temperature regime of the junction points of window blocks to wall openings

The method is intended to assess the temperature regime of the junction points of window blocks to wall openings and to select the most rational design solution for mounting joints, taking into account the geometric shape, location and thermal conductivity of sealing materials, window blocks and wall structures.

The essence of the method is to simulate the stationary process of heat transfer through the junctions of the window block to the wall opening using the appropriate software.

D.1 Software requirements

D.1.1 The software with which the calculation is performed must have accompanying technical documentation and provide the ability to calculate a two-dimensional (flat) or three-dimensional (spatial) temperature field, heat fluxes and heat transfer resistance in a given area of the enclosing structures under stationary heat transfer conditions.

D.1.2 Input of the initial data should be made either in graphical form (from the monitor screen) or in the form of tabular data and provide the ability to set the required characteristics of materials and boundary conditions of the calculated structure in a given area; in this case, it is possible to use both a databank and the specification of initial data in the form of calculated values.

D.1.3 The presentation of the calculation results should provide the ability to visualize the temperature field, determine the temperature at any point in the calculated area, determine the total incoming and outgoing heat fluxes through specified surfaces and the heat transfer resistance of local sections of structures.

D.1.4 The final results of the calculation should be presented in a documented form and include: design temperatures of the outside and inside air, heat transfer coefficients of surfaces, temperature distribution over a given section of the calculated unit, information on incoming and outgoing heat flows, values of heat transfer resistance of local sections of structures.

D.2 General instructions

D.2.1 Assessment of the temperature regime of the junctions of the window block to the wall openings should be carried out for the following characteristic sections (Figure D.1):

Node of conjugation of a window block with a wall (horizontal section);

Window sill interface (vertical section);

Node of interface with lintels of a window opening (vertical section);

The junction of the threshold of the balcony door with the floor slab (for balcony doors).

When using the program for calculating three-dimensional temperature fields, the temperature regime of these sections can be estimated based on the calculation of one spatial block, including a fragment outer wall with filling the window opening.

For surfaces bordering on the outside and inside air - in accordance with the outlines of the structural elements of the fences;

For surfaces (sections) that limit the computational domain - along the symmetry axes of the enclosing structures or at a distance of at least four thicknesses of the structural element falling into the section.

D.2.3 Boundary conditions should be taken:

For surfaces bordering on the outside and inside air in accordance with the design standards of the corresponding buildings and structures and the climatic area of construction;

For surfaces (sections) limiting the computational domain, the heat flux and heat transfer coefficients should be taken equal to zero.

D.2.4 The calculation of the temperature regime of the junction nodes is recommended to be carried out in the following order:

Determine the size of the computational domain and select the characteristic sections;

Draw up the design schemes of the junction nodes; at the same time, complex configurations of sections, for example, curvilinear ones, are replaced by simpler ones, if this configuration has an insignificant effect in terms of heat engineering;

Prepare and enter the initial data into the program: geometric dimensions, calculated heat conductivity coefficients, calculated temperatures of the outside and inside air, calculated heat transfer coefficients of surface areas;

Calculate the temperature field;

Visualization of the calculation results is carried out; analyze the nature of the temperature distribution in the area under consideration, determine the temperature of the inner and outer surfaces at individual points; set the minimum temperature of the inner surface; the calculation results are compared with the requirements of this standard and other regulatory documents; determine the total heat flow entering the computational domain; if necessary, constructive solution the junction node is changed and repeated calculations are carried out;

Prepare a documented report based on the calculation results.

D.3 Basic requirements for accompanying technical documentation

Accompanying technical documentation must contain:

Scope of the software tool;

Information about certification of software products;

Detailed description of the purpose of the program and its functions;

Description of the procedure for installing the application on a personal computer;

Description mathematical models used in the program;

Detailed user manual with examples of implementation;

Technical support coordinates.

D.4 Calculation example

It is necessary to calculate the temperature field and assess the possibility of condensation falling on the surface of the junction point of a window block made of glued wood in accordance with GOST 24700 to a wall of a single-layer brick wall made of solid brick on a cement-sand mortar (horizontal section). The outer waterproofing layer is a pre-compressed sealing tape, the central heat-insulating layer is foam insulation, the inner vapor barrier is a vapor barrier tape. The surface of the window slope is insulated with a thermal insert made of extruded polystyrene foam 25 mm thick. The main dimensions and characteristics of the materials of the window block and the outer wall are shown in Figure D.2.

Analysis of the calculation results shows that the minimum temperature of the inner surface is observed in the zone of conjugation of the window frame with the slope of the window opening and is. Comparison of the minimum temperature of the inner surface with the temperature of the "dew point" indicates the absence of conditions for condensation on the surface of this junction (at the same time, the temperature on the inner surface of the glass unit in the area of the distance frame is 3.4 ° C, which will cause condensation in this area) ...

Figure D.1 - Diagram of the location of sections for checking the temperature regime of the junctions of window blocks to the outer walls: a - window block; b - balcony door

Figure D.3 - Results of calculating the temperature distribution along the junction of a window block made of glued wood to a wall made of solid bricks

Appendix D
(informational)

Information about the developers of the standard

This standard was prepared by a working group of specialists consisting of:

N.V. Shvedov, Gosstroy of Russia (head);

HELL. Krivoshein, SibADI;

G.A. Pahotin, SibADI;

A.A. Klimukhin, NIISF RAASN;

V. A. Lobanov, NIISF RAASN;

V.A. Mogutov, NIISF RAASN;

V.A. Anikin, MNIITEP;

P.E. Nesterenko, illbruk;

A.A. Lokochinsky, "illbruk";

W. Miller, Gealan Werk Fickenscher GmbH;

V.A.Kozionov, CJSC KBE - Window Technologies;

VA Ignatenko, CJSC KBE - Window Technologies;

V.A. Tarasov, CJSC KBE - Window Technologies;

S.A. Maryasin, SPK Concept LLC;

Yu.P. Aleksandrov, JSC TsNIIPromzdaniy;

V.A. Zubkov, IC "Samarastroyispytaniya";

A.Yu. Kurenkova, NIUPTs "Interregional Window Institute";

O. Naumann, fischer;

A.V. Spiridonov, APROK;

I.A. Rumyantsev, State Unitary Enterprise “NIIMosstroy”;

IN AND. Snetkov, State Unitary Enterprise “NIIMosstroy”;

D.N. Shvedov, Center for Certification of Window and Door Technology;

O. M. Martynov, Federal Center for Certification in Construction;

N.Yu. Rumyantsev, Robitex LLC;

V.S. Savich, FGUP CNS