Favorable and unfavorable features of GP of Russia. Their opportunities for the development of the country. Favorable and adverse factors favorable and unfavorable environmental factors

I want to touch on the topic of compatibility of some micro and macronutrients. The fact is that you can think as much as you like that you are right, breakfast buckwheat cashem with milk or drinking your dinner (until recently did it so much), but not to know that most of the most useful substances from certain products You just do not absorb. Our food, ranging from meat / fish and ending with vegetables and fruits, and so far from those standards for the content of vitamins, fiber and other useful elements that were present a few more years ago, and if we also be incorrectly combined these "depleted »Products, then healthy teeth, bones and hair we do not see how your ears.

And today we will talk about such a macronutritite as calcium.

Calcium is a lot in parsley, dill, green onions, beans, broccoli, dairy products, significantly less in meat, fish, eggs.

1. On the assimilation of calcium primarily affects its relationship with phosphorus. The most favorable ratio of sa and p - 1: 1.5. If there is a significant excess of phosphorus in comparison with calcium, then calcium is poorly absorbed. It is for this reason that there are tons of fish and meat that are rich in phosphorus, such science as nutritiology does not recommend. With elevated doses of meat products, an excess of phosphorus occurs, phosphorus begins to accumulate and is not excreted from tissues and bones, which leads to a violation of the kidney, nervous system and bone tissues. At the same time, the absorption of calcium is slowed down, the formation of vitamin d slows down, the functions of the parachitoid glands are disturbed. Stones can form in the kidneys, the threat of iron deficiency anemia and vascular diseases will also appear. So fans of meat and fish, I advise you to use them in dosage quantities.

2. Also a negative effect on calcium suction has an excess of magnesium in the diet. Products rich in magnesium: wheat bran, cereals, legumes, drinkers, prunes. Although today to get an excess of magnesium derived from food, it will be very difficult, I would even say, it is almost unrealistic, it is still worth remembering that the optimal ratio of Ca and Mg - 1: 0.5. This should be remembered to those who decide to take magnesium in additives, this way in such a way to disrupt the right relation in the body of these two elements will be very simple. So taking MG, always remember CA.

3. Another adverse factor that has an impact on the absorption of calcium, it is sorval (Contained in sorrel, spinach, rhubarb and cocoa) and Inosforphic acid (Contained in cereals), which form insoluble salts.

But Vitamin D, on the contrary, has a positive effect on the absorption of calcium. Moreover, without vitamin D calcium is not absorbed at all. The largest amount of vitamin D is contained in cod liver, halibut, herring, mackerel, tuna, mackerels, and it is also contained in egg yolk, seafood, fermented milk products. But on the milk, I would like to stop a little more. The fact is that if you take milk, yogurt, cottage cheese or any other dairy product, from which fat completely removed, then in such products vitamin D is completely absent, since this vitamin is fat-soluble, and there are no fat in low-fat products! That is why completely defatted dairy products can not be eaten constantly, as possible with time to get osteoporosis and calcium deficiency. It turns out that completely defatted cottage cheese is a bad source of calcium for your bones and teeth. Therefore, choose cottage cheese / yogurt / kefir and low fatty milk (1.5-5%), but not completely degreasing.

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Numerous studies have shown that health factors are:

  • biological (heredity, type of higher nervous activity, constitution, temperament, etc.);
  • natural (climate, landscape, flora, fauna, etc.);
  • environmental state;
  • socio-economic;
  • health development level.

These factors affect people's lifestyle. It was also established that the lifestyle is about 50%, the state of the environment by 15-20%, heredity by 15-20% and health care (the activities of its bodies and institutions) by 10% determine the health (individual and public).

The concept of health is closely connected with the concept of health.

Health Factors

WHO experts in the 1980s of the 20th century have identified the estimated ratio of various factors to ensure the health of the modern person, allocating four derivatives as the main. Subsequently, these conclusions were fundamentally confirmed and in relation to our country as follows (in brackets WHO data):

  • genetic factors - 15-20% (20%)
  • environmental condition - 20 - 25% (20%)
  • medical support - 10-15% (7 - 8%,)
  • conditions and lifestyle of people - 50 - 55% (53 - 52%).
Table 1. Factors affecting human health

Sphere of influence factors

Factors

Strengthening health

Worsening health

Genetic (15-20%)

Healthy heredity. No morpho-functional prerequisites for diseases

Hereditary diseases and violations. Hereditary predisposition to diseases

Environment State (20-25%)

Good household and industrial conditions, favorable climatic and natural conditions, environmentally friendly habitat

Harmful conditions for life and production, unfavorable climatic and natural conditions, violation of the environmental situation

Medical support (10-15%)

Medical screening, high level of preventive measures, timely and full medical care

Lack of continuous medical control over health dynamics, low primary prevention, poor-quality medical care

Conditions and lifestyle (50-55%)

Rational organization of vital activity, settling lifestyle, adequate motor activity, social and psychological comfort. Full and rational nutrition, no harmful habits, valeological education, etc.

Lack of rational activity, migration processes, hypo-or hypendine, social and psychological discomfort. Improper nutrition, bad habits, insufficient level of valeological knowledge

Type of lesson combined

Methods:partially search Pro-worn output, reproductive, explained-illustrative.

Objectives:

Awareness of life as the highest value, the ability to build their relations with nature and society on the basis of respect for life, to the whole living as a unique and invaluable part of the biosphere;

Different development of the personality of students: observation, sustainable cognitive interest, the desire for self-education and the application of knowledge gained in practice;

Formation of sanitary and hygienic culture, their environmental thinking and morality.

Educational: possess certain eco-logical knowledge and hygienic knowledge - an important component of the culture of each person;

Developing: develop informative - practical orientation, freedom and creative thought, general training skills of work with research and popular literary in the Internet sources

Educational: Educate students with the means of this lesson for the development of physically and morally healthy human society.

Regulatory: organize your workplace under the guidance of the teacher; To determine the plan for performing tasks in the lesson, evaluate the result of its activities.

Communicative: participate in dialogue in the lesson; answer the questions of the teacher, comrades in class; listen and understand the speech of others; Work in a small group.

Cognitive: navigate the textbook; Find the desired information in the text of the educational article.

Planned results

Subject

the influence of a person on individual components of nature and the influence of nature on all sides of human activity;

preparation of schoolchildren to practical activities in biology, ecology and medicine;

The establishment of harmonious relations with nature, with all alive, as the main value on Earth.

basic bioecological terminology and symbolism

Personal:

formation of interest in the global problem, the semi-inclined name: "environmental problem", which is associated with the deterioration of the qualitative characteristics of the surrounding person.

Intergovernmental: Relations with such academic disciplines as biology, chemistry, physics, geography - will contribute to a higher level of ownership of skills at this course and the realization of tasks before the preparation of schoolchildren.

Form lesson- Traditional

Technology - Problem learning

Studying a new material

Adverse Environment factors and their impact

On the body

A person is part of nature, so he is experiencing its laws. He reacts to the impact of natural factors, like any other living organism. It differs from all other living beings inhabiting land, conscious and active attitude towards the environment.

A person lives and worries in various natural conditions thanks to a wonderful adaptability to new living conditions, and most importantly because I learned to maintain and create a medium that needs a different means of protection. The person not only adapts to the surrounding external: medium, but also adapts it to him, actively transforming. Nature modified by man in turn provides both favorable and adverse action on. The living conditions of people. Therefore, it is necessary to know that in the environment is useful for the body, and what is harmful, ki's changes; Environments: favorable for the body,. And which unfavorable, changing natural natural suckers, using for the production of its wealth: forests, subsoil, water, etc., a person cares, mainly about obtaining a maximum economic effect. - At the same time, it is quite often not taken into account Possible, and real influence of these changes to the physical and mental health of a person, and sometimes on the state of the health of future generations, his gene pool.

Of course, harmful, the impact on the body is provided: Yado-twisted chemicals falling into water, food, air; Dust, increased radiation, microorganisms, pathogens of different personal diseases. Of the natural factors, certain fresh air and not contaminated water are certainly useful. There are factors that can be useful and harmful depending on how to use them. So, the sun's rays, necessary for normal human life, make great harm for their health with non-harmonious use. To maintain health, it is also necessary to understand how to deal with the causes of diseases, as well as know the protective forces of the body that maintain health. Thus, the causes of the diseases can be mechanical effects, such as shocks, stretching, squeezing, bends of living tissues of the body with force, exceeding their ability to resist (tissue breaks, bone passages, etc.). When exposed to high temperatures (hot fluids, metal, flames), the cells of the cell burn are dying, the inflammation is developing. With strong burns, the tissue is derived. The overall condition of the body is disturbed - burning bole, which requires long-term treatment. The overheating of the organ-bottom, accompanied by an increase in temperature to 42 "C, leads to a thermal impact that can end death as a result of a violation; thermoregulation. The heat punch may occur with prolonged exposure to sunlight. The influence on the organism of low temperatures is also dangerous. At the same time, there is frostbite of tissues - cell death. The general overochloride of the body causes a decrease in the temperature of the tola below the level necessary for the implementation of the life functions of the tissues, which leads to death. Cooling the body can cause pro-studious diseases. Different types of crushing have harmful effects on tissue and lead to diseases. Thus, ultraviolet rays causing the development of skin pigment and forming a tan, with an unlimited long-term lighting, can cause skin burns and cause skin cancer, lead to head overheating, to damage to brain dishs and the death of nerve cells. The thermal radiation causes the bond with painful consequences. ^ Radiation irradiation has a destructive effect on the hereditary cell of the cells, causing their death. Many other physical factors can have a damaging effect on the body. However, most of them become harmful to the body if their impact sharply exceeds the permissible norms (as in the case of actions of the sunlight).


Chemicals falling on the skin (acid, crack-chi) cause chemical burns. This is the destruction of the tissues of the organ-bottom due to a sharp change in the chemical composition and the reaction of the intercellular substance and cells. The ingress of harmful chemicals into the organism with a bench or through the organs of the du-khai causes poisoning. With a disadvantage or excess of chiic substances necessary for the normal activity of the body, there is a violation of its metabolic processes. In an example, narcotic substances, nicotine, alcohol, falling into the body, change the chemical composition of its inner medium and disturb the tissue metabolism of all organs, and especially the nervous tissue. With prolonged exposure to these substances, exchange processes are irreversible, and death comes.

The body is constantly exposed to disease-environment factors. However, cases of diseases are found not as often, as one could expect, if we consider that potential factors surround us, adversely affect the body.

People are strong, trained, constantly engaged in sports even in the time of the flu epidemic rarely, since their physical training helps the body to resist the harmful agents of the environment.

It is interesting:research Reasons , influencing the health of the population, showed that 50% of the lifestyle.

Think and answer.1. The impact of which environmental factors can cause? 2. Which of these factors call bad habits and why? 3. Give examples of factors that are useful in small doses for the body, and in large - harmful.

Explain the meaning of terms: adverse environmental factors, weakened organism.

Questions for reflection. 1. Why is the violation of the composition of the inner environment of the body adversely affects the functioning of many organs? Give specific examples. 2. How do you understand the wisdom of the ancients "not hurt"? 3. How can you explain the saying. "Your health in your hands"? 4. Is it possible to give an exemplary characteristic of the lifestyle, human behavior of a weak physically and often cleaner, unless you know?

Questions for self-control. 1. What properties of the body are manifested in the interaction of the body with an external environment? 2. How is the internal environment of the body with an external environment connected? 3. What functions are performed by com-ponents of the body's interior of the body, lymph, tissue fluid? 4. What environmental factors are favorable, and which are unfavorable? 5. Why is adverse factors, the environmental factors, the more severe negative effects cause diseases, while a strong organism copes with them and does not get sick?

Hosting presentations

Russia is located in the east of Europe and in the north of Asia, occupying about 1/3 of the territory of Eurasia. The European part of the country (about 23% of the area) includes territory to the west of the Ural Mountains (the border is conditionally carried out in the Urals and Kum-Manic Wpadin); The Asian part of Russia, which occupies about 76% of the territory, lies east of the Urals and is also called Siberia.

The extreme northern point of Russia - Cape Flygeli on the island of Rudolf Archipelago Land Franz Joseph (81 ° 51 "s. Sh.), Extreme eastern point - Ratmanova Island in the Bering Strait (Western of two Diomide Islands, 169 ° 0" z. D. ). Extreme Northern and Eastern Mainland Points of Russia: Cape Chelyuskin on the Taimyr Peninsula (77 ° 43 "s. Sh.) And Cape Dezhneva on Chukotka (169 ° 39" z. D.). These extreme points are simultaneously and the corresponding extreme points of Eurasia. The extreme southern point of Russia (41 ° 11 "s. Sh.) Is located south-west of Mount Bazarduzyu, on the border of Dagestan with Azerbaijan. The extreme western point lies in the Kaliningrad region at 19 ° 38" in. d., on the Baltic Spider of the Gudan Bay of the Baltic Sea; But Kalinigrad region is an enclave, and the main territory of Russia begins east, under 27 ° 17 "in. d., on the border of Russia with Estonia, on the banks of the Pedi River.

Eastern border of Russia sea. It passes through water expanses of the Pacific Ocean and his seas - Japanese, Okhotsk and Beringov. Here Russia borders with Japan and the United States. The border passes through more or less wide sea straits: with Japan - on the straits of Laperose, Kunashir, treason and the Soviet, separating the Russian Islands Sakhalin, Kunashir and Tangflix (Small Kuril Rud) from the Japanese Island Hokkaido; With the United States of America in the Bering Strait, where there is a group of Diomide Islands. It is here in narrow (5 km) the strait between the Russian island of Ratmanov and the American Island of Kruzenchtern undergoes the state border of Russia and the United States.

The western border is practically all of its entire length of distinctly pronounced natural borders. She begins on the coast of the Barents Sea from Varangerfjord and takes place at the beginning of the Schobron Tundra, then along the valley of the River Groove. In this section, Russia borders with Norway. Next, the neighbor of Russia is Finland. The border goes on the Half Malckery, along a very wetlands, along the slope of the low Salposelki ridge and 160 km south-west Vyborg approaches the Finnish bay. In the extreme west, on the shores of the Baltic Sea and his Gudan Gulf, is the Kaliningrad region of Russia, which borders with Poland and Lithuania. The most part of the boundary of the region with Lithuania passes through Nemanu (Nymunas) and his influx of the Sheshupup River.

The south border is predominantly land. It starts from the Kerch Strait connecting the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov with black, and passes through the territorial waters of the Black Sea to the mouth of the Psou River.

Further, the border of Russia passes through the water area of \u200b\u200bthe Caspian Sea, from the coast of which near the eastern outskirts of the Delta Volga begins the land border of Russia with Kazakhstan. It takes place in the deserts and dry steppes of the Caspian lowland, in the articulation area of \u200b\u200bMugodjar with the Urals, in the southern steppe part of Western Siberia and Altai mountains.

North border, like Eastern, sea. She goes through the seas of the Northern Ocean.

Russia is washed by 13 seas owned by three oceans; In addition, the southern part of the Eastern shore of Kamchatka, the eastern and southeastern shores of most Kuril Islands are washed directly by the Pacific Ocean, that part of it, which is not included in the same sea, as well as the inner Caspian Sea. Three Sea belong to the Atlantic Ocean (Black, Baltic, Azov), Six - to the North Arkop (Barents Sea, White Sea, Kara Sea, Sea Laptev, East Siberian, Chukotka) and three more to quiet (Bering, Okhotsk, Japanese) .

The northern part of Russia lies with the polar circle, in a cold thermal belt. The rest of Russia is located in the northern moderate heat belt.

So, Favorable

Eurasian position;

Land border;

Access to the 13 seas of three oceans;

The largest territory in the world;

Leading place in natural resources;

The predominance of a moderate belt;

Unified economic space.

Unfavorable Features of the geographical position of Russia:

1/3 of the territory - an unsuitable for living 80% of natural resources in the Asian part;

Transport problems;

Uneven settlement and economy;

Remoteness of the eastern regions;

Worsening GP with the collapse of the USSR.

The influence of the geographical position and sizes of the territory on the nature of nature and the economy of the country.

The geographical location of Russia is associated with the main features of its nature. Russia is the northern country. Our homeland is a country of forests and a tundra, a country of snow and many years of milling, the country is seaside, but the coast is predominantly washed, the Arctic North Sea.

Russia is located in the most severe northeastern part of the huge mainland. On its territory there is a pole of the cold hemisphere cold. Russia is open to the cold breathing of the Arctic Ocean. Most of its territory lies north of 60 ° C. sh. These are Polar and Polar Areas. South 50 ° C. sh. There is only about 5% of the territory of Russia. 65% of the country's territory is located in the dissemination zone of many years of permanent.

About 150 million inhabitants are concentrated on this northern territory. Nowhere in the world, nor in northern, nor in the southern hemisphere, there is no such cluster of people in such high latitudes.

The northern specificity of the country imposes a certain imprint on the living conditions of people and the development of the economy. First of all, it is manifested in the need to build insulated dwellings, damn housing and production facilities, to provide stall content of livestock (and this is not only the construction of special livestock breeding rooms, but also the harvesting of feed), create special equipment in the northern execution, snowblowing techniques for clearing transport highways, streets and sidewalks, spend additional fuel reserves for vehicle operation at low temperatures. All this requires not only the organization of special production, but also tremendous material resources, primarily energy consumption, which ultimately leads to colossal monetation.

The nature of our country creates large restrictions in the development of agriculture. Russia is located in the risky agriculture zone. The lack of heat for the development of crops, and in the southern part - moisture leads to the fact that crop and phenomena are common to our farming. Each decade there are large critions. This requires the creation of significant government stocks of grain. Sigor conditions limit the possibility of growing high-yielding forage crops. Instead of sufficiently thermo-loving soybeans and corn, we have to grow mainly oats, which does not give such high yields. This, along with the costs of stall cattle, affects the cost of livestock production. Therefore, without state support (subsidies), the agriculture of our country, seeking self-sufficiency, can ruin the whole country: all the branches associated with it and above all the main consumer - the population.

Thus, the Northern Regulations of Russia determines the complexity of the maintenance of the entire economy of the country and the high costs of energy resources. To maintain the same standard of living as in Western Europe, we need to spend 2-3 times more energy than European countries. Only in order not to freeze, survive one winter, each resident of Russia, depending on the area of \u200b\u200bits residence, requires from 1 to 5 tons of conventional fuel per year. For all residents of our country, this will be at least 500 million tons. (40 billion dollars in modern world prices for fuel) Babinur V.L. Geography. - 2008 - No. 45..

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