How to make a roof on the veranda. Single Roof with your own hands - step by step with photos - for home, shed, garage roofing to an attachment at home with your own hands

It can be easily created on your own, armed with non-good knowledge about technological processes. What should be a visor over the porch?

• A strong protector of the input zone from weather surprises.
• Stylish handsome creating originality in the stylistics of the porch.

In the manufacture of any interior detail it is important to take into account not just your own preferences. The input canopy needs good durability and practicality. To make a reliable visor over the porch with your own hands, we will act according to plan:

• Choose manufacturing material.
• Determine with the shape and design of the canopy.

• We carry out the installation of the design, taking into account the working nuances.

Material - all head

The building market pleases its diversity of roofing material, and we can only explore the technical characteristics and stay at the best sentence.

Polycarbonate

Modern buyers most often choose this particular material. Beautiful, translucent peaks from polycarbonate have a number of benefits. They are:

• Resistant to temperatures (the operating range is from -60 ° C to + 110 ° C).
• Flexible. Polycarbonate is distinguished by plasticity, such a feature makes it easy to design any form of the future canopy.

• Shockproof. Plastic visors over the porch perfectly withstand the falls of the icicles, the coma of snow, the strokes of the gradin and a heavy rain.
• Refractory. This visor is not afraid of fire - he is fireproof.

But this beautiful, manufactured in the diverse color palette material has disadvantages. Polycarbonate poorly tolerate UV radiation. If you do not cover it with a protective layer, your canopy after 1.5-2 years will close and lose its aesthetic qualities.

Metal

Inexpensive, a budget option. True, working with metal sheets is more difficult than with polycarbonate. Not everyone knows how to use the welding machine, although the welding can be replaced with fastener bolts. Metal visor over the porch durable, reliable, but also demanding. It will need to protect against corrosion and spend more time to care.

Metal tile.

Excellent appearance of this material is advantageous of it from analogs. The visor over the porch from has an unlimited service life. It is easy to install, is easy, durable and does not require additional care. Metal tile It looks great with any kind of carcass. And externally, such a visor will look very representative and gorgeous.

Tip! If you do the design of the canopy simultaneously with the coating of the house, all work will be easier and cheaper. After all, the frame base can be made from residual materials.

But metal tile has disadvantages. She does not have noise insulation (if you like the sound of the rain - it will only be on your hand). In the summer heat, such material will be very hot, although this is not essential for the visor located above the heads.

Professor

Very running material, which has the same advantages, like metal tile. It is easier to work with him, since the sheets of professional flooring have a large area. The popularity of material is explained by the price availability and simplicity in the installation. The visor over the porch from the professional flooring is practical and will serve you for a long time without additional coloring.

Keep in mind that professional flooring mechanically weak material and even a small blow will remain noticeable on its surface. But you can always pick up a thicker sheet metal for your favorite porch, with a pre-applied polymer protective layer.

Choose design

Our visors over the entrance door must combine style and functionality. When choosing a design, take into account the size of the canopy and the direction of the drain.

Despite its simple, uncomplicated, single-table roofs are in demand, rational, especially for country house-building. The roofs with one slope are also massively used to arrange garages, receiving buildings, economic buildings. About how a single roof is erected with your own hands step by step, you will learn below. The multi-sided options for the roofs are complex in design, and a single-table can be made with their own hands, as it is, in fact, the rectangle, which is located in the same plane, does not have bends. For a single bed, by the way, you will leave much less building materials than any other, it will be more resistant to seasonal manifestations (snow, wind, rain).

Construction of a garage with a single roof, photo:

Advantages of a single roof:

• low weight;
• comparatively acceptable final cost;
• affordable, simple installation process;
• the possibility of using various building materials (roofing, rafters);
• affordable arrangement drainage systemChimneys.

Stock Foto Chicken coop with walking for chickens

Despite its simplicity, a single roof can be quite creatively beaten in designer solutions. The angle of its slope directly depends on the climatic features of the region where you live. If snow winters are familiar to you, then the degree of inclination should be more (so that the snow slipped better), if your home is located in a windy place, then the bias need to do less. For the same reasons, the inclination of the roof should be sent to the opposite of the facade to the precipitate "leaving" for the house.

The roof is a single-sided aircraft and non-ventilated type. The first option is used for residential buildings, the slope varies from 8 to 25 degrees. In such cases, the air exchange is ensured by the insulating layer and special holes located on the sides of the roof.

Prostral - garage and canopy

The non-ventilated option is more often installed on garages, sheds, extensions to the house, the angle of inclination is predominantly small - 3-6 degrees.

House with a single roof - Choosing a roofing material

The calculation of the schematic drawing of the future house begins with the determination of the desired angle of inclination and a suitable covering material for the roof. Most often, professional flooring, metal profile, rubberoid, tile, slate, metal tile or Ontulin are used for such single-sided structures. Soft tiled or frontal coating is optimally suitable for very small slopes - from 5 to 10 degrees. The slate with a profile is more suitable for the "average" tilt angle indicators - from 20 to 30 degrees. For metal tile, the slope of at least 35 degrees is required.

The choice of roofing material is determined by its ability to interact with atmospheric precipitates and timely remove them from the surface. For example, from slate, professional flooring, roof tiles snow comes down much easier.

How to make a single roof?

To build with your own hands, the roof of a single-table type you will need a standard set of construction tools, the necessary building materials. Wood materials (lumber) should be of proper quality with a maximum humidity of 22%. Everything wooden materials It is recommended to be pre-treated with antiseptic tools (for example, from the "Arad Wall").

In addition, you should have fastening details in stock: riglels, struts, sores.

Rigel is a horizontal part that acts as a support for carrying structures, it distributes the load of the rafted to other beams.

The struts are a type of supports that are located in flights provide greater stability of the entire design.

Troops are beams acting in the role of the rafter system.

Single-line extension to the house

Single roof, photo:

You must have:

• wooden timing segment 100 × 150 mm;
• styling boards (minimum thickness of 5 cm);
• rafting nails;
• thermal insulation materials;
• waterproofing materials;
• construction Scotch;
• tools (ax, saw, hammer, special knife, plumb, screwdriver, roulette, construction stapler, level).

The rafter system will be entirely dependent on the size of the future at home and building materialFrom which the walls were erected. The rafters are always installed on Mauerlat, if the construction is small and the length of the span does not exceed 4.5 meters, then the scheme of the charter system of a single-table roof will be extremely simple. It will consist of the main Mauerlat bar and a rapid support. If there are no small sizes of the structure, and the length of the span is more than 6 meters, the installation of strengthening under stropile legs With your own hands you just need.

Scheme of the rafter system

The rafyled must be installed according to the construction rules, so that several years of operation have not yet been implications. Do not forget about safety rules - install reliable, strong temporary boards, for which you will move during the building process.

Photo setting rafal

The workflow provides for the following steps:

• Laying transverse rafters. They are fixed to Mauerlat. This is the basis - what the entire stop of the rafter system goes. The distance between the rafters is approximately 60-80 cm. Here you will need large nails (or anchor).
• The drying is attached to the rafter (it is made of 50 cm 50 cm on it), it provides rigidity, the roofing material is stacked directly on it. The bumbly is put at right angles.
• With the help of a construction stapler to the cut, the waterproofing material is fastened (the usual polyethylene film is suitable for these purposes). Fastening is made without stretch, but with a false bottom up.
• The turn of thermal insulation (for example: Minvat, fiberglass, balsovoy mats).
• Laying the roofing material according to its individual features.

Single Roof with your own hands

Consider the all-making all building process:

• Since Mauerlat is a support for the entire system, its main function is that the cumulative weight of the roof is equally evenly dispersed on the main carrying parts of the design. For these purposes, you need to choose a ram at least 10 × 10 cm, which is installed directly on bearing walls. A layer of rubberoid should be between the wall masonry and the bar. The greater the angle of the slope, the thicker should be a Mauerlat bar.
  To the installation of Mauerlat, with their own hands, it is necessary to consider responsibly, be sure to use the construction level (the horizontal requirements must be observed). The single-table roof device implies the mounting of the bar to the walls with the help of anchor bolts, the distance between them should be approximately meter-and a half.

  

• Now there should be a line of laying of rafting boards. Make sure that the board length is more than half the roof.
  The distance between these boards depends on the severity of the underfloor material, if sheets are provided, then 150 cm will be quite enough. If you are going to lay slate or tile with your own hands, it is better to choose a step - 100-120 cm. It is best to lay the board to the end up. This will give the extra strength of the whole design. Single-sided roof rafters should be embedded in a Mauerlate timber over the entire length. When you celebrate a pencil of space for the insertion (recommended for builders - newcomers), make sure that the future grooves was a little wider than the thickness of the board. The slope slope of the grooves is responsible for which there will be a degree inclination.

  

• One of the most important stages is the installation of rafters in the groove.
  All boards must be installed equally, under one slope. For your convenience, it will be better to initially put two rafters at the beginning and at the end of the wall, and then stretch the beep between them. Thus, you will get an accurate landmark, and the process itself will go much easier. To bond timing and rafted, use large nails (from 12 cm or more). The end of the rafting board (legs - the construction term) is attached to one side on the edge of the wall, and the other is fixed with the vertical beam. All rafting legs should be the same to the degree of slope, height, direction.

  

• If you have big house And the distance between the spans exceeds 4-4.5 meters, then it is necessary to install additional porching beams (sores) for each line. With the use of this construction method, the entire roof will be strengthened, the soling system as a whole.
• The boards are stacked on rafters, and vapor insulation material on them. He is put on the rafters across. It is not necessary to stretch the film, but the strips must be placed to be vessel (10-15 cm). Where the fragments will be shrinking, it is better to apply construction tape for reliability (gliding stripes).

  

• We lake the insulation on the waterproofing film. When laying there should be no gaps, gaps. The thickness of the insulation should be at least 20 cm. After the waterproofing layer turns, but some space should remain between it and the insulation. To ensure the gap usually stacked small wooden bars Between them. The waterproofing layer is attached using a construction stapler.
• For the resulting in the end, "Pie" laid a doom. As mentioned above, for its manufacture use rails or 50 to 50 bars, they are mounted across rafting boards. Located as a solid web or with intervals.

Roof dryer with solid cloth, photo

After the root, it is placed in the final roofing coating, its installation is made according to individual construction features.

Qualitatively laid, fixed rafters do not bend under weight 70-100 kg. If this fact was discovered when laying, it is necessary to enhance the framework.

Technology laying a "cake" layers can be varied due to certain circumstances, have some additions. Sometimes, for greater reliability, the waterproofing layer is re-layer on top of the insulation. It will not be worse from this, but in all cases special attention should be paid to the attachment.

Slide the film to the wooden structural elements is best with the help of nails with a flat hat or a construction stapler, the step rate should be 15-20 cm.

One of the most important points is to fix the edges of the waterproofing material. It is raised under the sinks of the roof, the residual segment should be at least 20 cm, after which they are bubbling with nails or, again, pass the stapler.

It is best to take a wooden rail and sweep it with appropriate nails (with a step of 10-15 cm) - this is the so-called "folk" method of arrangement of a single-bed roof. Thus, you will be sure that the air flows are not penetrated under the waterproofing film, they will not cause large-scale damage in the invasion of strong winds.

Errors fastening the edges of the roof of the garage, photo

In the photo above, the edges (overhangs) of the roof were enshrined. With a strong wind, the metal fabric canvas together with the waterproofing film, like a light cloth, was easily discarded to the side.

Single Roof - an extension to the house

Garage how tools

For garages, Saraikers, baths, arbors are most convenient exactly such a type of roof. Single roof design provides a number of advantages for the so-called auxiliary buildings.

Fastening the rafter frame to the wall of the house

If we consider an extension step by step, then it will become clear that its roof is adjacent to the wall of the residential structure. Thus, its rafter system is equipped separately from home. The lower ends rafters are located on the front wall of the extension, but the top is attached to the most building. It is very important to ensure the competent connection of the rafter frame of an extension and the main wall of the house. Too hard attachments, too, use it is undesirable, because the speed of shrinkage at home and the attached building can be different. Because of this difference, the cracks of the walls can form.

In this case, the most convenient to put the beams on the brusade frame, which is adjacent to the house (attached to the wall). And the place itself (seam) between the bar and the wall is filled with polyurethane sealant. To lay roofing material on the roof of the extension is needed with a falsestone, as well as to start the junction under the passage of the house. This must be done in order for the then atmospheric precipitation to be sediated through the connection place. It is usually used similar roofing material on the roof of the house and an extension - for aesthetic considerations.

If you decide to build a shed with a single roof, the arrangement of the roofing system will not differ significantly from the above-described construction method.

It happens that sheds are brought from a bar. In such cases, the top of the church acts as Maurolalat. Otherwise, there are no significant differences in the rafter system of single-table roofs of different buildings.

Video, how to quickly make a simple winter charts for horses:

Single garage roof is done by a similar method.

If the walls of the garage are built out of the brick, then the edges of the beams, the rafting boards are embedded in the niche arranged for this. They are made in advance in the walls and stipulate on the stages of the design of the structure. Wood fragments are recommended to wrap the waterproofing coating before releasing into these niches. In this case, the range of the rafter is 60-70 cm. The front wall of the garage is high. From her there is a slope down to the back of the construction, entrance doors Located in it. The roof should perform by 30-40 cm from the wall, form a small ot.

Taking note of the above information, it becomes clear that this version of the roof is practical, functional, structurally simple. Single roof, equipped with your own hands, can withstand powerful wind, snow loads. Such a roof will be warm, thanks to a small area for air penetration. If you did everything right, then it will surely serve you not one dozen years.

An extension to the house is a residential or non-residential room located near the house and having a minimum of one common wall with it. An extension is raised after the construction of basic knowledge, as a rule, it should be developed for it to develop a separate project and take into account the individual characteristics of the architectural element. All of them affect the tightness and durability of the roof.

Inexperienced developers do not pay due attention to the observance of construction norms and rules, believe that an extension is the easiest object, nothing difficult. As a result, not only appear leaks on the roof, but also violates the stability of the entire structure. What should pay attention to?

Foundation

If the foundation of the house relates with due attention, then the extension can put almost on the stones. Argument - an extension is lightweight, the load on the foundation is small, this foundation is not needed. This is a big misconception, weak foundation becomes the cause of oscillation of an extension and facade walls at home. Due to such oscillations between the roof of the extension and the main building, cracks inevitably appear, water and snow gets through them. It is almost impossible to completely get rid of cracks, you will have to annually engage in current repairs to eliminate leaks.

Important. The depth of the foundation of an extension should be the same as the depth of the foundation of the house. To increase the stiffness of the structures, they are recommended to connect to each other with the help of rods of construction fittings.

Walls

1. For bricks in the facade wall, the niches of the depth of Polkirpich are made.
2. If an extension of concrete blocks, then after every three rows they are fixed with pieces of fittings.
3. Wooden walls are tightened with brackets or metal corners.

EXAMPLE OF DOCK OF THE WALLS OF ARRISE FROM WALLS wooden house

These events can only increase the resistance of an extension. But, as already mentioned above, only a durable foundation fully guarantees the construction of the design and tightness of the roof.

Roof

Two types of roofs are used for attachments.

Roof type on an extension	Brief Description of Technical and Operational Characteristics
	A rather complicated roof for an extension - it is necessary to make an adjuncing to an already existing roof. To do this, it is pre-dismantled, the rafting system is reworked, problems with infants and other elements are solved. Such a roof on extensions is recommended only in cases where they are warm and residential. The bartal roof does not reduce the height of the room, allows you to warm the ceiling overlap and minimize the thermal loss of an extension. Only professional builders can build a batch roof.
	SAMI simple design, Major builders can do. Advantages - ease of construction, low cost and reliability. Disadvantages - difficulties with ceiling insulation, in some cases it is necessary to slightly decrease the height of the premises to ensure the minimum tilt of the skate.

For example, we will take the simple type of roof of the extension - flat with adjoining to the facade wall of foam blocks.

Step-by-step construction instructions

Roofing Prices

Roofing materials

Before starting work on the roof, you need to prepare materials. For work you will need:

1. Lumber. The rafter system is made from cutting boards 150 × 50 mm or more for soft roofs It is necessary to prepare materials for the crate. It can be made from the unedged boards of the second or third grade with a thickness of about 20 mm and the ridges.

   

   Important. Unedged boards should be mandatory to Okkushki, otherwise, after a few years, the crownes will damage the wood. To protect wooden structures, impregnation is necessary. It is recommended to use the complex, simultaneously protecting from pests and fire.

   

2. Nails or screws. It is easier to work with nails and faster, in addition, at cost they are cheaper than self-tapping screws. As for the stability of the design, there is no difference, this parameter does not depend on hardware, but from the correctness of construction work.

   

3. Materials for the roof. On small extensions, any modern roofing materials can be applied. Optimal option - Metal tile or professional flooring. But you can use flexible tile or rolled bitumen roofing. For the second, a solid crate should be made that somewhat complicates the construction process.

   
   

4. Dobly materials. I also have the type of water-felled system and snowstores, if such is planned to be installed.

   
   

For the manufacture of the roof, ordinary measuring and joinery tools are needed. It is much easier to use electrical equipment and easier, but if they are not, then such a small roof can be built with manual.

Step 1. Soak lumber. You can buy any antiseptic, they all coped quite well with their tasks. Mandatory condition - boards must be dry. The antiseptic is divorced by water, the proportions are indicated by the manufacturer. The impregnation is made at least twice from all sides. Before starting work, plank the board on a clean and smooth surface, you can heat with a tassel, roller or pneumatic paint.

Step 2. Install Mauerlat. It must lie on a flat surface, for this, the upper plane of the last row of the structure needs to be aligned. For work is used cement-sand mixture or tile glue if it remained after any facing work. Open bags with tiled glue can not be stored for more than 2-3 weeks, it is very hygroscopic, absorbed moisture and hardens. In order not to dispose of glue, at the first convenient case, use it to perform other construction work. Align the surface with a wooden ironing or metal spatula. Pay attention to the plane not only smooth, but also strictly horizontal.

For Mauerlat, it is necessary to use 50 × 150 mm or timber boards, as a waterproofing layer is better to use an ordinary ruberoid. But there are substitutes here. If there is a thin foamed polyethylene during the installation of the floors, then it is not necessary to throw it away. This material does not miss moisture and perfectly replaces the runneroid. Cut the waterproofing strips width by 2-3 cm more boards and stapler attach it to the surface of the Mauerlat.

Step 3. Lock Maurylalat to the reinforcing belt. There are several mounting options:

• during the masonry of the last row of an extension between the seams, install metal studs;
• studs concrete when pouring the reinforcing belt;
• fix the board to the wall with special dowels.

In our case, the third option is best for several reasons. First, the extension of small sizes, the load on the rafter system is insignificant, there is no need to provide for very reliable fixation of the elements. Secondly, the board uses a board, it is easy to drill on the spot without preliminary marking. Thirdly, work is much simplified and accelerated. No need to make measurements of each stud, send a heavy bar several times on a thin wall, drill deep through holes strictly at right angles.

Dowel diameter 12 mm, length ≈ 150 mm. How is it fixed?

On this preparatory work is completed, it is possible to start the installation of the bell overlapping beefing.

Installation of beam overlap

Prices for bar

To increase the strength of the design near the walls, they should be fixed to the board brought to the masonry.

Step 1. Put an extension board on the opposite wall as Maurylalat. Check their position, they must be located strictly in the horizontal plane, otherwise the ceiling will be under a slope. On the horizontal board temporarily put another one on the edge, the beams will be recorded in this place. If there is the outlet of the blocking beams from the main building - excellent, it is possible to navigate with the position of the ceiling and other structures of the roof of the extension and attach the board to them.

Important. Between the board and wall, be sure to hydrate. It must perform two functions: protect the board from moisture from the wall and prevent leaks into the gap. It is recommended to select foamed polyethylene as waterproofing. It is closed pores, due to which the tightness is ensured. And high plasticity rates completely compensate for all possible fluctuations in the size of the slots.

Step 2. Attach the waterproofing and sealing to the board and make the layout of the holes under the screws with a length of about 10 cm and a diameter of 7 mm.

If the ends of the ceiling beams at home do not leave the wall, then it is necessary to fix on special dowels. The board should be firmly attached, significant multidirectional loads are affected.

Practical advice. When screwing into any plate of hard diameter, it is necessary to make holes. If there are no holes, then great efforts appear on the gap, the board can give a crack. And such an element will have to be changed, the rafter system is made only from whole and healthy boards.

The diameter of the drilled hole must be 1-1.5 mm less than the diameter of the metric, it should not be fused. Initially, the board is fixed to the extreme holes, its position is checked. If everything is normal, you can twist the remaining screws.

Step 3. Crepe to the place of the beam. There are several fastening options, but the simplest and most reliable - use special perforated metal elements (stands, stops, holders). They are sold in construction stores, cost available to all developers without exception. For inexperienced builders, this is an excellent way out, the beams are fixed firmly, easily and fast. At the same time, there is no need to observe the greater accuracy of the elements, the spread in length within 1-1.5 cm is not considered critical. Make marking and fix holders, it is better to fix them with screws. The lower plane of the holders should be located on the same line with the plane plane, due to this position ceiling beams will be horizontal. The beam step is ≈ 60 cm.

Practical advice. Fastening elements Fix at first only two screws, the rest are screwed down only after the final alignment of the ceiling beams.

Step 4. Prepared and processed impregnated beams take the queue to the place, simultaneously align the distance between them.

Step 5. Screw the boards to Mauerlat using self-tapping screws.

The ceiling overlap of the extension is done, laying on it boards or other materials. If necessary, the ceiling can be made insulated. The final stage of the construction of the roof is the installation of the rafter.

Installing timing

Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters

Fasteners for timing

As previously mentioned, the roof will be a single inclined. The tilt depends on the roofing materials used, but in most cases, approximately 10 ° is sufficient. One end of Stropilin is resting about Maurylalat, and the second about a special board fixed to the wall of the structure.

Step 1. Install vertical bars with high side of the skate.

The height of bars depends on the angle of inclination of the roof. On small extensions, it is not necessary to take into account the snow and wind load, you can define an eye parameter. Of course, taking into account the roofing materials. Supports are attached to the wall by self-drawing, they will continue to lie on them in the future, this is an additional focus of the element of the rafter system.

Step 2. Fix the board into which the rafyroids are resting.

It should be horizontal, the width of the board meets the width of the Stropilin. The board should also have waterproofing and the seal, is attached to dowel dowels at least 150 mm long. The distance between the metals is about 60 cm.

Practical advice. To make it easier to work, the board to the wall can be temporarily fastened with long screws. In this position it is more convenient to drill holes for carrier hardware.

Step 3. In a chess order, make holes under the main fastener, do not forget before it check its position. Remove the board and hold holes under the dowel. Particular attention should be paid to the structures of foam blocks, the strength of such masonry materials is insufficient. In order for the mounting board to the wall to be reliable, it is recommended to perform several conditions.

If the roof is large, and the indicators of the physical strength of the blocks cause concerns, then to attach dowels should be used special technologies: Use glue in the holes, to make them cone and fill in cement-sandy solution, etc. Today there are many effective ways to reliably fix methols in fragile masonry materials.

Important. You can make holes in foam blocks only in drilling mode, switch drill.

Step 4. Again install the board and screw it with screws in plastic dowels, Under the screws always put the washers of large diameter.

Step 5. Start the mounting rafters. It is necessary to do this in several stages.

This is the first stage of the preparation of the end of the rafter foot. Now you need to do planting space for a metal stand.

Step 6. In turn, fasten the stops and set the rafyroids on them.

Rafters are fixed with metal stops

Practical advice. If the experience is not enough, it is recommended to first fix two extreme rafyrs, pull the rope between them and on it all remaining.

If the board is smooth and the upper face is strictly horizontal, then you can align the rafyroids. Work with each separately, first, push the metal stand, check the position of the rafyrene, and only then finally secure. No need to screw the screws into each hole of the perforated holder. There are many of them not so that in all the self-tapping screws, but in order to choose whole areas of the boards for screwing. Lumber have bitch, cracks, natural defects of development, screw the screws or clog nails.

Step 7. The other end of the rafter can be fixed to the beam with long nails (bolts, self-draws) or to the board with metal coal. There is no difference, choose the appropriate option. If the angle of inclination of the slope is small, then specifically fasten the rafylane to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe stop about Maurylalat. The load is small and will be transmitted to Mauerlat through the beams of overlapping or metal corners.

The most difficult works are completed, then you need to perform fantasy Stropyl. To facilitate the process, it is recommended to independently make a large square for the template. For this, two thin boards are approximately 5 cm wide and 40-50 cm long.

Step 1. On each removal of the rafter with a rectangular template made, make labels along the length of departure.

Step 2. Level apply a horizontal line on the plane of the board to the intersection with the previously drawn vertical. Do not hurry, carefully follow the level readings.

Cut at the beginning of the rafter along the length, and then in width. The lower cut should be horizontal, the boards are nourished to it.

If the roof is covered with metal tiles or tradelates, then the crate can not be done. But the final decision should be taken with the technical parameters of the coatings: metal thickness and profile height. Under soft coatings Communicable solid doom. If the metal roof is thin, it is recommended to be encouraged from any waste of sawn timber. Step approximately 40-50 cm.

Read more information on the topics of the roof on the site stroyday.ru -.

Video - Sling Roof System Extension

According to statistics, each second homeowner built his home alone. According to their reviews, the independent erection of the roof is one of the most difficult stages for non-professional builders. Therefore, it is very important to approach this stage, having a complete picture of all the nuances of the process in the head. To figure out how to make a roof with your own hands, it is necessary to study the device, the installation technology, the order of work and the features of the attachment of all components of the structure.

Types of roofs

First you need to decide on the form. To date, the most popular species are:

Forms features

The roof overlap with one single slide will save nerves and materials, since it is constructively the easiest option. If you make such a frame yourself, then the working capacity will be the smallest, and the mounting speed is high. But this form has a disadvantage - there is no possibility of arranging a full attic or attic, since the underproductive space turns out too low.

The double roof is mounted much more often. It is slightly harder in the manufacture, but allows you to get more space. Compared to four-tie, it has less complexity and mass, but it will take triangular frontones along the ends of the building.

Diva - most popular form

Before proceeding with the independent erection of the roof with four slots, it will be necessary to seriously prepare. Such a system has more elements compared to two previous. In addition, it is not possible to make full-fledged windows on the attic, since the roof design is deprived of the frontones and the installation of complex or not to avoid.

Four-tight complex in the device, but the savings are achieved due to the absence of frontones

For attic an excellent option will be a combined design with. In this case, at the bottom of the roof has a larger bias than on the uppermost area. Such an assembly allows you to raise the ceiling indoors and make the built house more comfortable.

Broken - not the most "architectural", but very effective in the plan of the space used

Payment

Before starting work, you need to make a design. Calculate the cross section of all elements does not make sense. In most cases, they can be taken constructively:

• mauerlat - 150x150 mm;
• racks - 100x150 or 100x100 mm depending on the cross section of the rafter;
• podcovas - 100x150 or 50x150 mm, taking into account the convenience of compound with rafyles;
• tightening - 50x150 mm on both sides;
• runs - 100x150 or 150x50 mm;
• lining thickness from 32 to 50 mm.

Calculation is usually performed only for rafter and silent feet. It is required to choose the height and width of the section. Parameters depend on:

• roofing material;
• snow area;
• the step of the rafter (it is selected so that it is convenient to lay the insulation, 58 cm should remain between the elements in the light);
• span.

You can choose a cross section of rafters using general recommendations. But in this case it is recommended to make a small supply.

Calculation is usually performed for rafter legs

If you do not want understanding in the subtleties of computing, you can use special.

If you intend to make a warm roof, then the height of the sections of the legs are selected, taking into account the thickness of the insulation. You need to mount it so that he does not speak above carrier beams. It is also necessary to consider that for mineral wool, a 2-4 cm ventilation gap is made between it and the coating. If the height of the rafter is not enough for this, the installation of the counterbalaxseckers is provided.

Step-by-step instructions for work

The sequence of the roof stages looks like this:

1. performing measurements of the building box (sizes can not match the project slightly);
2. preparation of materials and tools, wood processing by antiseptic;
3. mounting Mauerlat to the wall;
4. installing the skate riglel if it is needed (for sprinkling rafters);
5. mounting frame;
6. reinforcement of the roof using racks, trenches and tightening;
7. waterproofing;
8. doom;
9. providing ventilation;
10. installing drippers;
11. installation of coating.

Malelaci fastening

So that the roof is securely fixed, you need to take care of its reliable connection with the wall of the building. If a wooden house is erected, then Maurylalat is not required - the upper crown of timber or logs acts as this element. In this case, the mounting to the wall is performed using special "floating" fasteners. They are sold already ready, most often they are called Salazkov. This option of the roof device allows the entire design to be slightly shifted during the shrinkage of the walls without destruction and deformations.

"Sliding" fastening in wooden house

A similar situation arises with a skeleton house. In this case, Mauerlat will be the top strapping of the walls. It is attached to the frame racks with a stammer with a corner, bracket or nails.

Methods of fastening rafters to the strapping in frame house

The design of the roof of the brick, concrete blocks or concrete means fixing through Maurylalat. In this case, there are several ways.

Put the Mauerlat on the wall with four ways:

• on brackets;
• on studs;
• on anchor bolts.

Maurylalat can be fixed on the brackets. In this case, wooden bars are put in the masonry on the inside. They should be located 4 rows from the cut. One side of the bracket is fastened to Mauerlat, and the second to the same Bruk in the masonry. The method can also be attributed to simple. It is not recommended for large buildings with high loads.

Mounting Mauerlat for brackets. In the wall masonry, antiseptic wooden bars are envisaged in 1-1.5 m increments

Attaching when mounting the roof can be carried out through studs or anchor bolts with a diameter of 10-12 mm. Fasteners are put in the masonry. Maurylalat is temporarily laid on the edge, it is necessary to slowly knock down with a hammer. After that, the bar remains the deepening in the locations of the fastener. They need to make holes under the heel. After that, the timber is put on fasteners and spin nuts. The method is ideal for walls of light concrete in the presence of monolithic armopoyas.

Fastening rafted to Mauerlat

In the houses of brick or stone, it is wiser to perform with a hard attachment rafted to Mauerlat. In this case, you can use both a weak and hanging system. The design involves two ways:

• with wrist;
• wITHOUT WHITE.

In the first case, the rafters are shaking with a bias so that they are tightly adjacent to Mauerlat. For carnis removal, the kobinki is provided. They are fixed to the foot with an overlap at least 1 m. Hard fixation of the node should be made using self-tapping screws, nails or brackets. But greater reliability collected framework will possess if for fixing, use metal corners with holes for the self-tapping screw.

The method without a wrist often does not imply the use of the mare. In this case, the carcass departure provide the beams themselves. This option is easier than the previous one, since it does not require high accuracy. It is suitable for newbies. For dense adjacent to Mauerlat, in this case, stubborn bars or boards use. Rigid fixation, as in the previous case, is performed by metal corners on both sides.

Fastening rafted to the wall

The carcass made must be fixed to the building box - it will not give a strong gust of the wind to disrupt the roof. For this, the rule needs to take the use of a twist of two wires with a diameter of 4 mm. They are wrapped around their legs in the place of support on Maurylalat, and after the wire they are attached to the wall on the anchor or the ERS approximately 4-5 rows to the edge. The element must be in advance in the masonry.

Wimbing protection

For a wooden house, you can simplify the task. You can collect the frame using a bracket. This option will speed up the process. But it is important to remember that this method is suitable only if the manufacture of walls is made of wood.

Strengthening system

How to strengthen the frame with the spans more than 6 meters? It is necessary to reduce the free span of the rafter. To do this, use a pitch and racks. It is necessary to make strengthening, taking into account the planning, it is important that these elements do not interfere with the stay of people and harmoniously fit into the interior.

The pumps usually have an angle of 45 or 60 degrees to the horizontal plane. Racks can not be described on the span of overlap. They are allowed to be installed on the underlying walls or beams and shprengels, percked between the walls.

The tighten is necessary to reduce the returnation. Because of it, rafters can simply disperse. This is especially true for systems with hanging beams. To assemble the frame, use two tightening, which are attached from two sides from the rafted. Fixation is carried out on a self-tapping screw, nails or studs.

At the top point, the rafter is based on the intermediate or skoth run. Depending on the selected system, the location and width of the span, it is made from a bar with a cross section from 50x100 to 100x200 mm. The mount is carried out on the connecting metal plates, bolts or nails.

Okeekhet

Before starting work at this stage, waterproofing material is required. Builders recommend using a parodiffusion mediocre-proof membrane. It costs more than polyethylene film, but guarantees more reliable protection. Your home is not a reason for saving.

The roof requires the fastening of the crate. The type depends on the selected roofing material. For metal, it is enough for a rarefied cladder from the boards with a thickness of 32-40 mm. Under the bituminous tile, we need a solid cutter from a 25-32 mm board or moisture-resistant plywood.

Ventilation of the undercase

Before proceeding with the stage of laying the roof, it is worth thinking of ventilation of the subcoase. This will allow to protect the designs from mold, fungus and destruction.

Proper ventilation arrangement under the roof will protect the design from the appearance of fungus

For ventilation, it is necessary to provide:

• air intake through the cornice (the binder of the cornice is made by a rarefied board or special perforated sofits);
• the movement of the air under the coating (between the insulation and the roof should be a gap of 2-3 cm);
• air outlet in the area of \u200b\u200bthe skate (for this, skidding and / or point aerator is installed on the roof).

Roofing

The type of roof is chosen from aesthetic and economic considerations. It is also worth exploring the offers of manufacturers and find out the allowable slope. For example, bitumen tile is not recommended to be installed with a slope of more than 45 °.

Folding roof - this is a light fireproof and durable coating

The wall material must provide reliable waterproofing. Its installation is carried out in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instruction. There are the five most common types of coating: roof insulation.

The first thing they see guests, coming to your home, is a porch and an entrance door. It is here that the main impression of the house as a whole is. The visor on the facade was initially intended to protect the entrance and door leaf From the rain and the sun, but his decorative role is in the foreground.

Variants of visors for the entrance

To get the same beautiful as in a magazine photo, a canopy over the porch of a private house, it is worth going to its arrangement with full responsibility and seriousness.

Types of mini-canopies by type of installation and design

The main task of the canopy over the porch is to cover the entrance doors and the threshold of the house from the rain, snow and sunlight. Classify visors can be classified as mounting, design, material for roofing and frame, sizes and shape.

Methods for fasteners of canopies above the door

Usually above the door hung a small visor, proportionate to the dimensions of the porch. However, you can also build a wide canopy, which in the summer will play the role of the terrace. Wide canopies with closed sides serve good wind protection.

An example of a supporting design

By type of installation, sheds are divided into two types:

1. Reference. These are massive structures that require reliable fixation. Such canopies are attached to one side to the house, and the opposite is installed on metal or wooden supports.
2. Hinged. Light, small designs that are attached directly above the door. Such visors are easy to install, but often play more decorative role, because a small shelter is unable to protect, for example, from a shower or abundant snow.

Attached visor - sketch

Make your own hands a canopy or a visor over the porch will help the photo of already ready-made structures. Looking at work, it's easier to decide how you want to see your canopy. Roof design options set.

Variety of forms and designer solutions

Single roof. The simplest design is functional and without special sings. Even a person who has only initial experience in construction. This form is ideal for wide supporting canopies from the professionalist or slate, as well as for open terraces. When erecting a single-table structure, it is important to make a sufficient bias so that precipitation or foliage from trees do not accumulate on the roof.

Single carport over the door

Diva or three-tie visor. The roof of the "house" will decorate the porch in both classic and rustic style. Especially pretty, double wooden or tiled porches look. Most often, such a porch is made with support pillars so that the design sustain a considerable roof weight. Three-tight canopy is a complicated option. duscal roof. It's not so easy to make it, but it looks more interesting.

Three-tight visor looks noble

Semicircular visor. Previously, such visors were made of metal. Now for them, as a rule, cellular polycarbonate is used. This material is fine, it is easily attached to the frame and in general it looks very presentable. The ease of construction allows you to make it mounted, and different colors Polycarbonate gives space for designer sizes. Semicircular can be made as a small canopy above the door, as well as a large-scale construction, overlapping the entire facade.

Semicircular structures are made of polycarbonate

Figured canopies. To make a porch with a non-standard roof, you will need an extensive construction experience. Such canopies are complex, but always attract attention and cause admiration. For their structures, such roofing materials are chosen with which the easiest to create complex forms, such as tile, cellular or monolithic polycarbonate.

The design may be different - in the form of a simple or elongated dome, polygonal, concave or any other form.

Canopy can be very unusual

Variety of materials for visor

From the fact that the canopy will be covered, its functionality and durability will depend on. The modern market offers a lot of options for roofing materials. Before making a visor over the porch with your own hands, you should familiarize yourself with their properties and only then make a choice.

Modern polycarbonate roofs

Last years This material scored great popularity. Polycarbonate sheets are of different colors, so you can easily create a visor, which inscribes in the total color gamut of the construction.

Polycarbonate misses light

Polycarbonate has a lot of advantages:

• transparency, so that he practically does not shadow the facade of the house;
• variety of colors;
• lightweight sheets in combination with sufficient strength;
• ease of installation;
• flexibility, which is important when building semicircular and sophisticated canopy.

Stylish asymmetry

Despite all the advantages, polycarbonate has both disadvantages. Perhaps the main of them is low stroitability compared, for example, with a tiled or straw. The polycarbonate visor will easily withstand snow cover, but may interfere or even crap from the heavy branch dropped on it.

From polycarbonate you can make a canopy over the porch of the most diverse design - flat single-table, arched, double or any other form you like.

The classic is considered a mounted forged visor with polycarbonate roof.

Big San With supports

Combination with forging

Classic roofs from metal tile

Metal tile combines in itself classic design and the newest technologies for the production of roofing materials. Metal base is responsible for strength and durability, and the polymer coating prevents corrosion.

The advantages of metal tires:

• service life up to 45 years;
• strength;
• resistance to the external environment;
• non-futured installation.

The lack of metal tile is one - high price compared to other materials.

Single ensemble of roof and canopy

Tiled visors are advisable to do at the construction stage of the house, along with the main roof. The remnants of the tiles will be quite suitable for the visor, which always remain after large-scale work. In addition, the roof and canopy in a single style will look very stylish. Considering considerable weight tiled roof, the porch is better to put on the supports.

Metal roofing Combined with forging

Practical and reliable professional flooring

Ordinary galvanized professional knots are not particularly decorative, but recently a profiled sheet with a polymer coating of different colors appeared on sale.

The roof over the porch made of professional flooring features such features:

• strength and impact resistance;
• relatively low weight;
• ease of installation;
• low price compared to other roofing materials.

Visors from the professional flooring are durable and durable

Considering that the sheets have quite large sizes (width of 0.75-1.0 m and length up to 12 m), it is advisable to use professional flooring for large-scale metal canopies over the porch of the house. Buy a full-size sheet for a compact visor is unprofitable, so small designs are covered by trimming of a professional flooring left after a large building or use other materials.

Good old wave slate

Until recently, Slate was, almost the only and widespread roofing material. Now Slate is not as popular, however, modern masters continue to apply it in construction.

Slane canopies are valued for such qualities:

• resistance to the effects of the external environment;
• thermal insulation properties (slate is very hot with solar rays);
• durability.

At the same time, slate has a lot of flaws:

• high weight;
• fragility of sheets;
• complex installation (due to fragility, the sheets are not easy to cut and drill holes in them for fasteners).

By doing with their own hands, a slapper canopy over the porch, it is necessary to take into account its considerable weight, so it is necessary to provide a robust frame and reliable mounting to the facade.

Plastic Slate for Visor

Alternative to the traditional sector - plastic and erectifier. They also have a wave surface of the sheet, but more practical, weigh less and look more attractive, as they are produced in various colors.

Environmentally friendly wooden visors

The tree never comes out of fashion. The wooden visor over the porch did not lose its relevance since ancient times and to the present day. Especially good such design looks in combination with a logone or house with wooden finish.

Wooden canopy in eco-style

Dignity wooden canopies Obvious:

• environmental friendliness;
• high decorativeness;
• reliable protection from the Sun - under such a canopy is always cool;
• a simple installation process.

Unfortunately, wooden designs susceptible to rotting and can be destroyed with cores. In order to make a visor on the porch with your own hands, it was necessary to cover it as long as possible, it will be necessary to cover it with several layers of special impregnations.

Quite often, combined canopies above the entrance, where supports and beams are performed from wood, and the roof is covered with a professional flooring or tile. A tree is not suitable for the manufacture of curved or carved structures, because it is fitful to the processing and in the hands of the wizard can turn into a real work of art.

Wooden porch can be the main decoration of the house

How to independently build a visor over the porch

So, inspired by colorful photos of canopies over the porch, you decided to build your own design. Why start work?

Design and important calculations

The whole process includes several important stages:

1. Drawing and exemplary estimates.
2. Framework.
3. Installing the frame on the facade and, if required, the construction of additional supports.
4. Roof covering.

On the drawing of the canopy must be attended by all measurements, because the calculation will be going on essential materials. Designing a visor, it is necessary to take into account the width of the front door. An even 30-50 cm is added to this figure and the minimum width of the roof is obtained. For example, if the entrance door has a width of 90 cm, then the visor makes at least 110 cm. Also, they necessarily think the angle of inclination of the roof - it should be 20-30 degrees.

The wider the canopy, the more they make a slope.

Metal visor drawing

Frames for visors are performed from wooden bars, a metal corner or profile, and also order ready-made forged products, which only need to cover with roofing material to your liking.

Sheds to the house of polycarbonate

Stages of building a protective canopy over the door

When the framework is constructed, the main rule is held - the heavier the roof, the carrying design should be more powerful. For light polycarbonate visors, even fittings with a diameter of 5 mm completely will be combined as a frame. And for massive slate or tiled roofs, the bars or metal corner will be needed with a cross section of 5-10 cm.

The finished frame is attached to the facade of anchor bolts. The place of the junction with the wall of the house is covered with a protective bar. If required, the support racks are installed, which are usually not just bought into the ground for strength, and constonated.

Conclude construction works Installation of roof. The method of its attachment depends on the material used. Polycarbonate is fastened with self-drawers through thermoshaba, and the ends are sticking with a special ribbon. Professional sheet and metal tile are screwed by self-drawing on a professional or, as a last resort, conventional wood screws. Slate is nailed to the cutting of nails.

Unusual canopy above the door

Whatever you choose the option of a canopy over the porch, it is necessary to approach construction with full responsibility. Then the visor will become not only the protection, but also to the decoration of the house, and will also serve not one year.

Video: Sheds over the entrance