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The beginning of the history of the Saratov province dates back to 1739, when the ancient city of Saratov with surrounding lands previously located in the extensive Kazan province (from 1708) was attached to the reign of Anna John the Astrakhan province. With Catherine, the second in 1769, an independent administrative unit was established as part of the Astrakhan province, which existed to the abolition of the provincial institute in 1775 in 1780. Saratov governance was established from the northern counties of the former Astrakhan province. In 1782, Novokhopoi county and part of the Borisoglebsky county were transferred to Saratovskiy vs. Tambov governorship, and Chernoyarsky County from Astrakhan Province. Under Pavel first in 1796. During the reverse reorganization of Russian governments in the province, the Saratov governance abolished, and his counties are transferred to the Penza province (in particular, the counties of Atkarsky, Balashovsky, Volsky, Kamyshinsky, Kuznetsky, Petrovsky, Saratovsky, Serdobsky, Tsarevsky).

In the Saratov province fully or partially
there are the following cards and sources:
(with the exception of the generally specified on the main page
All-Russian atlases, where this province may also be)

1-worship of the interviewing XVIII century. (1780-90s)
Map-atreating of the survey is not topographic (it does not indicate latitude and longitude), drawn by the hand of the end of the XVIII century. (after changing the borders of the provinces in 1775-79) on the scale of 1 inch of 1strend or 1 cm 420 m. As a rule, a separate county was drawn on several sheets, which are shown on a single national sheet. Currently, all the emergence cards available at our disposal in the Saratov province in refer to the time of the reign of Catherine the second 1775-96. Colored cards, very detailed.
Purpose of the map of the survey - the indication of the boundaries of land plots (T.N. DAC) inside the county.

4th layout of the counties of Saratov province
four-timber - less detailed maps rather than ordinary interactions plans, but however contains all settlements with a fairly accurate location and often marked later villages

Sparks of settlements of the Saratov province of 1862 (according to 1859)
This is a universal reference manual containing the following information:
- the status of the settlement (village, Selo, the village is owned or treated, i.e. state);
- location of the settlement (with respect to the nearest path, will be, with a well, pond, creek, river or river);
- the number of courtyards in the settlement and its population (the number of men and women separately);
- the distance from the county city and the formation of an apartment (center center) in the versts;
- the presence of the church, chapel, mills, etc.
In the book 130 pp. (Plus general information).

Economic notes to the general interaction of the Saratov province
handwritten and part of the provinces Head-drawn is the handwriting scribe

In March 1797, the Penza province by simple renaming is reorganized into Saratov, the administrative center of the new province, which was made of ten counties, becomes Saratov, for the first time in its history, the status of the provincial city. In turn, Penza becomes the center of the same name in the north-west of the Saratov province. As in the times of Catherine, the second, at this time the boundaries of the vast Valvage land of a number of counties of the Saratov province (Wolish, Kamyshinsky, Holyansky and Tsaritsynsky) had hidden contours. In October 1797, from the new Saratov province in the province of Tambov, Nizhny Novgorod and Simbirskaya, a number of counties are departed, and from the part of the counties remaining in it - in the second half of 1801 (in September), the Penza province is again formed. In 1802, the Novokhopoor district of Voronezh province, and in the Astrakhan province (at the same time divided into two provinces - the Astrakhan and Caucasian) is returned to Chernoyarsk county. The administrative border of the Saratov province with the Astrakhan province at this time and in the future as a whole preserves the previous right line, as in Ekaterininsky times. Under Nicolae, the first, in 1835, as part of the Saratov province, three new Volga counties were established from the part of the land of neighboring counties - Nikolaevsky (it included parts of the Land of Wolish and Holy County Counties, who were behind the Volga), Novosensky (at the expense of the Savolzhskaya part of the land of Saratov County) and Tsarevsky (who received the Valvian lands of Kamyshinsky and Tsaritsynsky counties). In 1850-1851. The Tsarevsky County from Saratov province was transferred to the Astrakhan province. At the same time, the Nikolaev and Novosen county moved to the composition of the just established Samara province. In the entire subsequent pre-revolutionary period of the history of the Saratov province, its composition and administrative boundaries have no longer changed.

Poppants of the Volga region are confident that most of the treasures of Liya Ataman Volzha Volnitsa Stepan Razin stated in their region. And the confusion was awarded, according to historical annals, a lot. The treasures that seekers manage to detect in the Volga region from time to time, only confirm their version.
Historians, topographers and military are aware of the existence of maps published before 1917, on which places are indicated where approximately the treasure should be seen. But the entire snag consists of just in this "sample". How should I interpret such a phrase: "Near the captain's mountain treasure Schoronen"? How to accurately determine exactly the square meter with buried treasures, when the chipboard pointing on the map indicates a very extensive geographical object on the area - because the excavation of such a mountain can take decades!

Therefore, the whole problem of searching for treasures, which lead both members of official historical and local history societies and individuals, often rests precisely in the scale of work, and this also concerns searches in archives, and conducting excavations directly on the ground.
Find a treasure without a cartographic basis is an unreal business. Indications of the places of the treasures are, for example, in pre-revolutionary sources. Among them - "The historical and geographical dictionary of the Saratov province: the southern deaths of Tsaritsyn and Kamyshinsky" A.N. Minh, the work of other members of the Saratov scholarship of the Archival Commission (Suak), etc.

Rock Stepan Rasin
Stepana Razin - a plot of the wound bank of the Volga on the border of Saratov and Volgograd regions.
The cliff is located 5 kilometers south of the village of Belogorsk, under 50 ° 36 "northern latitude and 45 ° 39" Eastern longitude. The coast of the Volgograd reservoir in the area rises by 35-40 meters. The upper layer of cliff with a thickness of 20 meters is composed of chalk rocks of the Georgia, which reaches 90 million years. The lower layer form quartz-glauconitic sands of the Senomanian tier with age of 100 million years. The cliff is broken by in half a deep "slave" ("prison", "durable") ravine, from the south borders with Durma-Mountain, whose height reaches 186.2 meters. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe Utus, four Old Believers Caves are also known: "Old I", "Old II", "Foxes" and "May", a duration of 600 to 800 meters (probably there was a single system of connected to the tunnels connected to the column). The cliff is the most northernmost point of the Natural Park "Shcherbakovsky", on the territory of which are also associated with the name of Stepan razin the bugs of "Uraks" and "Nastin".

Stepan Razin's cliff has scientific historical and cultural importance, officially recognized as an archaeological monument of the nature of the Saratov region.
It is known for certain that the area of \u200b\u200bthe Utus was mastered in the Bronze Age. Traces of later settlements refer to the times of a large horde and a popular uprising under the leadership of Stepan Razin. Presumably, in a military camp, located at the top of the Utus, lived and commanded the legendary Ataman himself, personally launched and robbed merchant ships, floating past along the Volga, and captured captives threw into imprisonment in the prisoner. There is also a legend that it was in this place that the Persian Princess drowned.
Due to the fact that the rebellious army passed along the Volga to Saratov, among the inhabitants of various coastal villages, the stepan rain was called different sections of the coast, from Shcherbakovka in the south to the lower bathing in the north. This was the cause of discrepancies in traveler guides and records. The place, very similar to the cliff, the artists of Grigory and Nikan Chernetsov in 1838 were first described. In a year, the researcher A. Leopoldov called the Kurgan wall Razin was described by another place, which was a bit south and called the "cancer" mountain. Taras Shevchenko, who saw him from the ship, left a small note about Buds Shevchenko. In 1861, the founders of the Saratov Art Museum of Nikolai and Alexei Bogolyubov in the work of the Volga from Tver to Astrakhan, the place of the north of all previous descriptions was named after all previous descriptions. The first photo of the Utus was made by Nizhny Novgorod photographer M. Dmitriev in 1894. At the beginning of the 20th century, a map of Kame and OK and OKE, a map of the Volga and her tributaries, a map with an accurate indication of the location of the clock and Durra Mountains was published.

Archaeological expeditions
One of the first official scientific expeditions to the Uta Stepan Razin was organized in 1907. The regional art was investigated, the emergence of which was attributed to the times of peasant uprisings under the leadership of Stepan Razin. Detected objects, first of all, a coin that minted in the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich Romanova, confirmed the age of the settlement. In the 1960s, archaeological excavations under the leadership of the professor of the historical faculty of Saratov University I. V. Sinitsyn were held on the cliff. Cultural layers of the Bronze Age era, the period of the Tatar-Mongolian yoke and new evidence of the stay in these places of Stepan Razin are discovered.

Duram-Mount

In the absence of direct evidence as the very very stay of Stepan Razin in the vicinity of the cliff and related events, for those who have passed since the times of century, the people have developed a variety of legends about the treasures, allegedly buried in these places, on the phenomena of ghosts and other mystical events.

The tomb of Marina Mnishek
In 1859, the Burlaka's story was published in the Saratov provincial statements, who, having risen along with his companion on the clutch, saw a hole in the ground with a door. Going to the dungeon, they found themselves in a richly furnished room, in the middle of which the coffin chain was mounted three glasses. In the corner of the room hung icon in mowed salary with precious stones, and a lot of barrels with gold and silver stood along the walls. Burlaki prayed to the icon, after which the comrade of the narrator grabbed the hammer lying near the coffin, and broke the castles on the coffin, from which the revived Marina Mnishek rose. Burlak, Mistim, began to knock her iron bar, and trying to stop him the narrator was instantly thrown out of the door invisible force. The entrance to the dungeon disappeared without a trace. After what happened, Burlak returned to the ship alone, his comrade was missing.

It is noteworthy that a similar legend is connected with a slightly south of a hark horsepower. According to her, Burlaki descended into the cave of the Mongolian sorcerer Gazuka, where they were harmful to the girl inserted from the Golden Coffin.

Clay killed robber
At the end of the XIX century, the peasant from the village of Danilovka was told by the story passed to him by the late father, the participant of what happened. In the stormy weather, three Danilovsky peasants went to the opposite bank of the Volga, where they met a young guy and a woman with a child. The stranger asked him to transport him to Danilovka, and after a long trading, the peasants agreed. In the middle of the way, the guy ordered his companion to throw away the child overboard. Hearing the refusal, he rushed to her with the dagger and was killed by the paddle quickly reacting the steering. The saved woman said that her killed kidnapper was a robber. Its breaking it, the peasants found a storage case made up by one of the Esules Stepana Razin, in which the place of burial of the riches of Ataman on Durvan Mountain was described in detail. Wanted treasure peasants went to Easter. After brief search, praying, began to dig. However, it began to occur inexplicable: first on the peasants rushed a herd of frantic cows, then a storm was rising, from which three robbers appeared with the doubles, after which the characters of the story, frightened, decided to stop the search. The next day of the treasure in the pit was no longer there, only the imprints from the chest buried there and the traces of the German wagon were buried.

Ghost Stepan Rasin
According to the stories of residents of the surrounding villages, the spirit of the executed Ataman was repeatedly people in different appeals. One of these stories, according to which in the forest of Durm-Mountain, the voice of Razin was heard by the German woodcutter, recorded the head of the 1907 expedition to the Danilovsky peasant, B. V. Zhikovsky. The resident of the village of Shcherbakovka was retold by another mysterious case that happened to his father, who saw the ghost Stepan Razin. On the way to Danilovka, he met a elder in the rags, who refused the invitation to the warm overnightness with the words: "Shenka Razin I, a great sinner. I have to suffer for another 70 years. Tell all people, Russian and Germans, let them live in the world! ".

Mountain Mountain
Of all the legends associated with Stepan's Razin, scientists managed to solve only one. Many archaeologists and treasures, from the end of the XIX century, actively looking for wealth, buried by Ataman, complained about dizziness and deterioration of well-being. There were also more strange events, because of which the treasies were considered conspiracted and damned. The last remarkable story happened already in Soviet times with the prevailed by the tractor driver who worked at the Durma Mountain. Through the sleep, he heard someone with force opened the tractor's door, but there was no one around. It cost him to fall asleep again, as everything happened. The people are also common with the rumor about the prison ravine, where allegedly all prisoners of Stepan Razin have fallen after the first night. However, the explanation of these myths gave research by geologists, discovered in these places electromagnetic radiation - presumably, the legacy of the volcano there.

Step Rinel - Russian Flibuster

Source: Magazine Columbus № 12 (2005)
Stepan Razin, beyond any doubt - the epic figure of Russian history. The leader of the peasant uprising of the 1670-1671 years, the Cossack Ataman, the colorful people's leader, he became famous for his rigorous lifestyle, numerous military victories and no less rich trophies. Rumors and legends about treasures, buried by the Razin Cossacks, hit the imagination of many generations. So far, there is an opinion that part of precious metals, gold coins and stones was hidden by the legendary Ataman in a safe place. But where should I look for a treasure of a rain?

Cossacks-robbers

Stepan Razin was born around 1630 at the free Don, in a rich Cossack family. According to some data, he was "Tuma", i.e. The son of the Cossack and the captive Turkish, perfectly knew Turkish, Tatar languages.

Cossacks at the time were very peculiar military estate. They did not obey Russian legislation, had self-government and conducted a special way of life. The main occupation of them were hiking in the neighboring Tatars, Turks and Nogai. From hiking Cossacks returned with rich prey. At the beginning of the XVII century, the Don Cossacks have mastered the sea view of a differential. On small boats - Strugas, they went to Azov, then the Black Sea and robbed passing vessels. However, in 1660, the exit to the Azov Sea was blocked by the Turks. Not far from Azov, they built a powerful fortress of Sedd-ul-Islam, and the course of don was blown up with chains attached to two towers located on different shores. This caused the real crisis of "Cossack Economy".

Some Cossack troops began to make raids even on Russian areas. So, in 1666, Ataman Vasilya Macs with 500 decorations reached almost to Tula, on the way I committed various props. The clarifier of the estate of Prince Golitsyn, in particular, reported that the thieves of the Cossacks took in his estate "10 horses, a dress, canvas, broke 10 pigs and 20 rams."

But it was not wanted to do such a small one for such a small one. He conceived a more ambitious "project." Razin decided to collect a big squad, sit down on the stops and through the Don, land pass, the lower Volga go to the Caspian and there to take up the robbery rich coastal possessions of Iranian Shaha. It was not easy to do it. In the lower reaches of the Volga, in Astrakhan, there was a powerful Russian garrison. Its main task was not to allow the Caspian Sea to robbing Cossack Vatagi into the Caspian Sea.

Nevertheless, the bold disinteg plan liked the Cossacks. In May 1667, the two thousandthly Razinsky detachment on 40 stages went hike.

In the area of \u200b\u200bTsaritsyn, Steenka stopped and robbed the caravan of ships, delivering the selected caviar to the Patriarch himself and the king Alexei Mikhailovich. Cossacks took all the property, part of ships, weapons and ammunition, food. Then, by a clever maneuver, deceiving the Astrakhan governor, the difference in one of the ducts broke into the Caspian Sea.

The main base of the Cossack-flibuser was the island of Chechen. It was from here that Razin went to the so-called Persian campaign.

Persian campaign

Almost all major cities located on the West Coast of the Caspian Sea are attacked by the Cossacks - Derbent, Terks, Baku surroundings. The tactics of the ruins was simple, but effective. They were imperceptibly sailed to a large port city and hid in the nearest smoothies. Then they were sent to the city of Lazutchikov. Those found out - is there a military garrison in the city, as residents are tuned, where goods are stored. Then, as a rule, early in the morning, unexpectedly attacked the city, broke the garrison and robbed rich inhabitants. In the captured city, the ruins were detained until the horizon did not show a major contingent of the Persian ground forces. Sometimes the urban authorities voluntarily paid the uninvited aliens to large cash contributions, provided that the Cossacks will voluntarily leave the city. In the coastal strip, the zones, at a convenient case, intercepted trade vessels.

Their stops are long, wide, with a small sediment, were slugged in the open sea, but perfectly maneuvered in the Caspian shallow water, among the rocks and pitfalls. They were easily kept on steep waves. Each colon had two guns, on the nose and on the stern, a small sail, water reserves, food, and "crew" up to 50 people.

Soon the assault of the Cossacks was subjected to Persian cities located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea - Rasht, Ferahabat, Astrabat and others.

Persian Shah sent a large flotilla under the command under the command of Mokey Khan. On 50 courts were 3,700 shaft soldiers. The ruins have been threefolded by smaller forces.

But the wall was not confused. He decided to lure the Shahny fleet trap. Cossacks depicted panic escape. Persians rushed to them in pursuit. In order not to miss a single robbing structure, Mene-Khan ordered the Persian courts to connect with chains and capture the Cossacks in a kind of network. Pork Island Persians overtake flibusers. Unexpectedly, six Razinkle stings turned cool and approached the Persian flagship. Cossacks of the axes were abandoned in the sides of the openings and abstracted several burning barrels with gunpowder. The flagship exploded and went to the bottom, pulling other Persian ships in the pulp. Those who remained afloat, the ruins were shot from guns and took to the board. The entire Persian fleet, with the exception of three vessels, was burned or surf. On the captured vessels of the wall, among other trophies, discovered 15-year-old Fatim Meada, the daughter of the deceased Persian fleet. Her neighing made his concubine.

After the brilliant sea victory, the wall decided to return to Don.

Astrakhan treasure

This time he did not break through the battle through Astrakhan. He tribal bribed the Astrakhan Voivod I.S. Prozoovsky. In particular, the invaluable sobya fur coat, covered by atlas and previously belonged by the ill-fated atlas, appeared among the bribes. The prozorovsky gifts accepted and without any special wires let the ruins in the city. Speed \u200b\u200bin the fluff and dust of the walls went on Astrakhan, accompanied by enthusiastic ordinary people, throwing golden bugs into the crowd. The beggars got up to his knees and called the "father." Razinki ships were richly removed by carpets, silk. The stroke of the Ataman was completely shaved with a red velvet, decorated with pearls with necklaces, and two sails from the brocade were proudly flushed on the masts.

However, some experts believe that the main treasury of the wall "has become" and hid somewhere near Astrakhan. He was afraid that the Tsarist Voivod Prozorovsky props the values \u200b\u200bof the Cossacks during the Persian campaign. The casting of the treasure occurred at the end of August 1669. Gold, silver was carefully laid in forged chests and buried not far from the coast. It is even called the place of the secret Skron - smooth in the area of \u200b\u200bthe so-called braid (now it is the area of \u200b\u200bthe city of Astrakhan). By the way, it was in this place that the times threw the unfortunate Persian Princess into the water.

It is believed that the walls made such an obscene act, being in a state of drunk psychosis. But there is another, more logical explanation - the princess knew something about the place of burial of the treasure, and they decided to get rid of it from an unwanted witness.

Ripples already had a clear plan - to return to the Don, collect a big army and shaking the "Moscow State". In the event of good luck, the Razin hoped to try on the crown of the Russian king. In the failure, he was going to flee to Turkey, and there the hidden treasure would be very useful for him. But the events were different than the legendary Ataman planned. In the battle under the Symbirian wall, it was wounded, and on April 14, 1671, comrades were given a refined to the Tsarist authorities. Soon he was executed.

The search for the Razinsky treasure researchers are engaged in a long time. The Astrakhan version is considered the most promising. However, the organization of underwater search operations requires a lot of strength and, most importantly, financial investments.

map of Samara province

Treasure in Krasnoarmeysk
Pensioner from Krasnoarmeysk (Saratov region) found on its garden plot the treasure of gold products with a total weight of 2.8 kg. This was reported on Tuesday in the administration of the Krasnoarmeysky district of the region.

The iron box, in which the pensioner discovered 517 vintage gold coins, gold chains, rings and bracelet, was in the ground brought by his request to the garden from the place of the future construction of Peter's temple and Paul in Krasnoarmeysk, reports Interfax.

Currently, historians and tax inspection workers determine the value of the treasure, 50% of which the owner of the discovery is due to the law.

The pensioner intends to convey part of the funds for the construction of the Temple of Peter and Paul.

Pine-Mazi treasure
A complex of copper products belonging to the era of late bronze (12-11 centuries to n. e.). Opened in 1901 near. Pine Maza (Maspansky district of the Saratov region). As part of the treasure (total weight of 21 kg) 58 wide single-oscillation guns (sickles or cosaries for clearing arable land), 5 daggers with leaf blades and openwork handles, 4 Celts and 1 bronze ingot.
Such types of daggers were distributed in the Northern Black Sea and in the Caucasus in the late Bronze Age and enter into the forms produced in the Metallurgical Centers of Transcaucasia and Iran (especially in Luristan). Things probably belonged to the leader of the tribal union or one of the tribes that lived in the steppes.
Lit.: Merpert N. Ya., On the Luristan elements in the treasury of a pine Maza, in the collection: brief reports of reports and field studies of the Institute of Archeology of the USSR Academy of Sciences, B. 108, M., 1966.

Russian coins in the Volga trees
Russian coins in the valves of the Middle Volga region of XIV - the first half of the XV century.

Investigation of the association of Russian monetary circulation with the monetary circulation of neighboring regions in the XIV - XV century. It is important in the study of the entire complex of economic relations of this period. A special place for quite understandable reasons is the question of the relationship between Russian and Tatar monetary systems.

For more than a hundred fifty years, this problem remains relevant to the principalists of the history and culture of the principalities of Northern Russia and the Moscow state. Analyzing the composition of the money circulation of the Golden Horde, P.S. Savelyev paid attention to the presence of Russian coins in the Volga region (Savelyev P.S., 1858). Surely enough, this issue was put in the works of A.V. Oshshnikova "Okulovsky treasure of Russian money" and I.I. Tolstoy "Money of the Grand Duke Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy" (Oreshnikov A.V., 1908; Tolstoy I.I., 1910). In the 40-50s. XX century To this topic treated GB. Fedorov, I.G. Spassky, V.L. Yanin (Fedorov GB, 1947; Spassky I.G., 1956; Yanin V.L., 1956). And at present, this question remains one of the most relevant, evidence of what works G.A. Fedorova-Davydova, A.M. Colacin and other researchers. However, the main topic that attracts the attention of archaeologists and numismatists is the assessment of the role of influence of the Goldenopa monetary system in the process of resuming its own chasing Moscow, Ryazan and Suzdal-Nizhny Novgorod Principles in the XIV century (Fedorov-Davydov GA, 1981, 1989; Kolyzin A.M., 1994, 1998; Kister S.N., 1998). The problem of circulation of gold hordes in the Russian territory is also studied (Fedorov-Davydov GA, 1960, 1963; 1981, etc.). The appeal of Russian coins in the Volga region in the first half of the XVI century (Spassky I.G., 1954) was considered. At the same time, the participation of Russian coins in the monetary circulation of the Tatar lands of the XIV - XV centuries - has not yet been the subject of a separate study, although in almost every work dedicated to the history of the monetary circulation or numismatics of this period, this topic is in one way or another affecting . In the process of creating a consolidated topography of Russian trees of the XIV - the first half of the XVI century. There was an opportunity to consider this issue in more detail, which is dedicated to this article.

The upper chronological boundary of the period to which the studied treasies belong is the last quarter of the XIV century, that is, the beginning of its own chasing in Russian principalities. Lower border - mid XV century. That is, the end of the Board of Vasily II and the moment of termination of the receipt of Russian coins in the Volga region. The Appendix provides a summary of the information about the treasures originating from the area under consideration.

To date, not less than 15 dated treasures of this period found in the Volga region and containing Russian coins (Russian coins with Ryazan Nadcans should be considered to the Russians in this case).

More accurate information about the palms are given in the appendix, and Table 1 presents the basic data necessary for analyzing their composition. For findings from the Volga region are characterized by the following features.

First, an extremely small percentage of Russian coins. It ranges from 0.01% (Kartun, 1986, No. 3) to 4.20% (FLOW, 1915, No. 2) and only in the huge Svetinsky cland of 1936 (No. 8) is 13.36% of the total.

Secondly, very large sizes of treasures. Only one of them, the most southern, contains less than 500 coins (FLOW, No. 2) And the number of coins in the remaining ten ranges from 556 (Nimich Casa, No. 11) to almost 9,000 copies (Svetino, No. 8) *. For comparison, throughout the rest of the territory, where at this time there are coins of Russian principalities, only eight trends containing more than 500 coins are found.

Third that it should be noted: the region under consideration now is the place of the greatest concentration of Soldinsky treasures of the end of the XIV - early XV centuries.

Table 1. First period. Vallas of the Volga region of the end of the XIV - the first half of the XV century. With Russian coins.

	Place and year of find	Dating	Number of Russian coins	Number of JU-Hid	Total (100%)
	Kamyshinsky district.	Ser. 90s XIV century.
	Fish, 1915.	Ser. 90s XIV century.
	Kaard, 1986.			>25000 (99,99 %)
				> 500 (99, 8 %)
	Small Tolkish, 1881.	Light XIV-XV century
		1 dec. XV century	"some"	"most"
	Tetyushi, 1907.
	Svetino, 1936.
	Christform, 1873.	Nach 2 dec. XV century
	Sosnovka, 1911.	Con. 2 dec. XV century
	Nimich Casa, 1957.	1 third XV century.
	Semenovka, 1962.	2 hundred. XV century
	Karaul Mountain, 1957.	Nach 2 hundred. XV century
	Measie, 1962.	Con. 1430 - Nach. 1440s
	The place of finding is unknown, the 1990s.		"A few kilograms"	"some"

According to G.A. Fedorov-Davydova, more than 40 trends containing exclusively Juchid coins hidden from 1380 to 1440s were discovered here. Of which there are no Russian coins and the size of which are definitely known, only 7 contain more than 500 coins (Fedorov-Davydov G.A., 1960; Fedorov-Davydov G.A., 1963; Fedorov-Davydov G.A. , 1974). There is a new pattern: in small trends, which at this time most accurately reflect the composition of the real monetary circulation of a certain territory and which prevail in quantitative terms, there are no Russian coins, and if we consider the greater size, the Russian coins are present in two thirds of such finds.

Based on the above data, it should be concluded that, despite the apparent abundance of treasures containing Russian coins, in the Volga region, the penetration of the coins of Russian principalities into the money circulation of the Golden Horde throughout the period under consideration was very insignificant and they practically did not play roles in the local Money circulation, appearing in the treasures only as part of large savings. Of repeatedly noted great importance for the Russian principalities of the Volga Way (Metz N.D., 1974, S.55, etc.). The question arises about the belonging of these treasures. One of the most likely categories of their owners can be called merchants, leading trading operations not only at the local, but also in the Western Russian market (especially convincing such an assumption for the Svetinsky treasure). Indirect confirmation of this is the fact that almost all major treasures of the Volga region with Russian coins were found on the banks of the Volga Basin River, which were natural transport and commercial routes.

In addition, the storeroom material brightly illustrates the political crisis and decline in the Golden Horde; As a result, a significant decline in the intensity of trade relations of the Russian principalities with the Volga region. On average, only three treasures consisting of Russian and Tatar silver coins are known, which can be dated by thirty - the beginning of the forties of the XV century (treasures No. 12, 13, 14).

The explanation of this can serve as the facts of the political history of the Volga region: after the hike of Timur on the Volga and the defeat of the largest cities of the Golden Horde, after the loss of real political power, Tukhtamysh, continued a constant struggle between relatively weak applicants for the Supreme Power in Horde. At the same time, no fighting parties were able to achieve even such an ephemeral unity of his lands, which was with Thtamyshe. (See, for example: Greeks B.D., Yakubovsky A.Yu., 1998, p.249-312, etc.). In economic life, such a state of affairs meant preserving and constantly aggravated instability. The decline of cities entailed the cessation of the chasing and the appeal of its own coin in the second quarter of the XV century (Fedorov-Davydov G.A., 1960, p.129; 1994, p.209, 210). And, most importantly for this work, led to a rupture or a sharp reduction in trade relations with Russian principalities. Pads containing Russian coins and relevant for the first half of the forties - the mid-seventies of the XV century in this region are unknown.

In the second half of the XV century. In the political and economic life of Eastern Europe, the most important changes occur. The association of Russian lands under Ivan III entailed - this clearly shows the storage material - the development of trade relations between the Moscow state, both internal and external. At this time, Russian coins are reappearing on the Middle Volga region. However, the composition of the treasures, and the region of their distribution, and, probably, the social affiliation of their owners is plunge out of the previous period. Therefore, to consider together all the treasures of the Volga region of the XIV - the first third of the XVI century. It is possible only against the background of the total pattern of treasure in Russian lands. In this work, such a goal is not worth it, although its relevance cannot be questioned.

Vlasty village Loch

Residents of the old Saratov village with a funny name of Loch are waiting for big changes. The authorities decided to turn the village to the new tourist center. In their opinion, it will bring money and give impetus to the development of the settlement. However, not all the husky is delighted with such a perspective.

Villa Loch - hardly older than the regional center. Therefore, it is not surprising that the attractions here are at least debuning. However, much more interest is the name of the settlement itself. Local residents, having heard in their address "Loi", do not bother at all, but even proud. And when they are called suckers, correctly correct: we are lyrochy.

A person who knows the history of his village and a loving small homeland will not be shying his name. And the history of our village goes deep in centuries, to the times of Ivan the Terrible. Then the village was called the village, and the villagers nicknamed Kudyarov.

The robber with his family lived in a cave among treasures extracted during raids. And in front of Kudyarova Mountain - another mountain - guard. To this mountain, I supposedly conducted an underground stroke from Kudyar to three underground pantry - for gold, silver and precious horse picking. The people who heard about Kudyar, nicknamed this place of Kudyarov Log - the robber lair. His name soon became legendary, and the ringing "g" softened over time, and began to be called Loch.

The village successfully was located on a small river, its forest hill is observed on all sides, among which the famous Kudyarov Mountain. According to one of the versions, the mountain is named after the robber Kudayar, the contemporary of Ivan the Terrible.

Drying the legends of the mountains and caves, the spring with its purest water, the old mill, a dilapidated temple in the name of the ArchReart Mikhail, who keeps the painting of two-dimensional limitations - all this and much more and attracts tourists.

As local people say, the treasures near the village were really found. On one of the plots, someone from the residents dug a few buckets of coins. True, the money was not gold, but copper. Such a find could hardly raise the standard of living in a village with a population of a thousand people.

Therefore, Loch's leadership took actively developing tourism. This, in turn, will contribute to the development and very village. And such work is already underway. Loch is already included in the top 10 tourist routes of the Saratov region.

In the meantime, Saratov, without waiting for the development of the tourist infrastructure, often visit the legendary places themselves. Opinion from seen all different. Some agree with the authorities and believe that you need to develop the village and attract tourists. Others adhere to another point of view: the pilgrimage of visitors, on the contrary, will lead to the deterioration of ecology and will violate the pristine of the village.

At the same time, the villagers and tourists unites confidence that the village should live. And the unusual name will become a kind of highlight, which will be interested in many. And then, the villagers are confident, everyone learns that Loch is not only a genus of trees, shrubs, cruel and kind of salmon, but also the rich in their history village in the Novobuoral region of the Saratov region.

Swear swords
The treasure do not go to anyone someone else, but only to me and my home, my son, my daughter or my grandchildren. In antiquity, when banks have not yet been invented, people could not reliably keep money, especially more and more interest in safety. Time has always been restless, ranging from the attacks of the Turk and Tatars of the conquerors, and the folk rebels were taken by blood earned and then money.
Here, quirky people and hid their capital in various caches, in basements and walls of their own homes or buried treasures in the forests, caves. In order to do not forget about the time to find their values, we had to draw cards with the place. On the maps painted everything that it would later help the owner would find his skarb. But, for various reasons, the owners of the treasure did not have time to get their values \u200b\u200bfrom the cache. Time went, all the buildings were collapsed over time, the redevelopment of the streets was disappearing, the trees disappeared, the fields broke off. Everything went as a woman, because life and progress do not stand still. But, in ancient times, people imposed very scary spells on those who dare chop trees or break dwellings.
Such spells have a great deadly force on the one who does not acquire, does not build, and Rushit and robs, using someone else's labor. When burial, the treasure always tried to impose a spell on him, regardless of that treasure was in the ground or in the wall of the structure. Spells were about such a story: "The treasure do not get anyone else's treasure, but only to me and my home, my son, my daughter or my grandchildren" when spelling pronunciation, I very sincerely prayed, and sometimes even brought the sacrifice. The victim usually turned out to be lamb, killed at the site of the burial of values, according to the pagan persuasion of the murdered animal will reliably guard the treasure from strangers.
Swamped treasies are securely hidden from people. That is why it is not easy to find a treasure. After all, how many treasures were found at the cards left, but all these treasures guarded the spells, which were adversely acted on the found. As a rule, treasure detectors do not know the necessary prayer that would protect from spelling and, using the treasure, they do not only come around for huge troubles, but also their family. It is especially very dangerous to pick up religious things belonging to temples, it can be icons, crosses and various church accessories and including money. As the saying says, then the person will not live and years will lose the mind and if he does not show and not give everything found in the temple, then death is waiting for him. In this case, it is believed that the Lord himself punishes the intruder and his family until the seventh knee. Therefore, it is considered dangerous to look for intentionally treasure for enrichment. Church treasures can be dangerous
But if you find the treasure quite by chance that it would take to the temple from ourselves to the temple, where it is posed for its owner and found, or to distribute the wealth to everyone in need, to give for public structures.
Either the treasure can be transferred to the museum, then it will be the public domain, and your safety will not be threatened. For this you will receive honor and glory, and the spell will bypass. How to look for the treasure? Near Kamenets was found in 1960, which was not sworn. But, in this area, the legends of the swords of Podolsk rebels are insistently. How many they are not searched, finding fails by the fact that they are swung.
If you believe, the treasures can keep the spell of a certain time. And when the time of the treasure comes themselves open people. In addition, the caster can even specify who will find the treasure. After all, according to the statements of the legends, the Ukrainian Cossacks put the spells on their treasures, so that the treasure would find exactly the person who will spend funds for the well-being of the people to build his happiness and well-being. And since no one has found Cossack Skarbov, then they are still waiting for the right person.

Legends about treasures. Stenakie Razin - Peschatka.
Transmitted from the mouth to the mouth legends indicate that the largest treasure of the walls of Razin rests in Kurgan near the village of Pescotka Gorodishchensky district. Legends say that shortly before his own execution, the refinement sailed to the sandbank on the lane to the top loaded treasures, gold and silver. When the sang was coming, he, together with his boyfriend, fell asleep the stroke of the land and put for a label at the Verqu Kurgan. But then, Liya Ataman and his accomplices did not know that they had to live very long long and there would be no one for the treasure. Before the death of Ataman was tortured, but he did not give out the place where the treasure was covered.
Since then, a lot of years has passed and every hooker comes to the sands in the hope of finding the cherished willow pointing to the treasure. Where the treasures of Stepan Razin are covered. Later, many were considered to be a sorcerer, our contemporaries claim that after death, his ghost walks in places for the past "glory" and protects hidden treasures, frightening hunters for the Ataman treasure. The "Shatrazhansky" treasure refer to the Razinsky treasures left in the Volga district.
Give says that the treasure buried the king of the Don Robbers in the village of Shatrazhany. They rumored, as if, after death, his ghost almost to death scared one of the Volga Burlakov in the place where the Shatraish Treasures were allegedly hidden. Judging by the legends, Razinotel to conceal bad values \u200b\u200bin Kurgans, Hills and others. So, everyone knows that the Lich Ataman had one habit of hiding pots filled with gold and other values \u200b\u200bin the elevation of the Right Bank of the Volga. According to rumors with such treasures, the entire Volga shore is chosen, starting with Astrakhan ending with the Samara and Saratov regions. The old map of the Saratov region is most famous for the treasure, burned in Bugre located near the village of Bannovka Saratov region. Interestingly, the place of the hiding place is located between the village of Golden and the mouth of the R. Bolshoi Eccer.
They rummed that the name of this village was not happening by chance. In all these cases, the sample logic is quite understandable. After all, the robbers, often stumbled upon trouble, and hidden valuables hidden in coastal boards helped to survive the Razinsky gangsters in the bad moments of their lives. No one can give an accurate answer how many gold "zakachk" rest in the Volga hills. In Volgograd Volgograd, near the Tsaritsyn church of the Holy Trinity in 1914, the failure of the land was happening, the coffins and several skeletons were found in it. It turned out that the collapse happened at the beginning of the underground movement of the bandits of Razin to the city pier. It was there that were unlaced valuable from local merchants. But it was not possible to go through the underground go, because the land continued to collapse, and nobody wanted to risk his life. Treasures Stepana Razin - a riddle for a treastery.
Until now, she has no rest to the treasure detectors of the gorge, located in ten kilometers from the former dunching, called "Stenekin Prison". Low above Camushina Uraks Budgorm and Stetenkin Utøs. According to legend, these places hide most of the treasures of the worn out of the royal helms of the robbers.
It is under Kamyshin who is hidden a diamond, incredible sizes and beauty, which Razin captured during the times of the Persian campaign.

Vlasts on the Great Russian River - Volga
Volga River as one of Russia's most important transport highways could not not attract the attention of treasures. And there is something. According to the aircraft carriers so attractive for carriers, large material values \u200b\u200bmoved. And for the values \u200b\u200bof merchants, merchants and persons of state hunted numerous robbers, some of which have been produced there for many years. So what kind of treasure can be found, moving along the endless Volga coast?
That's what Leonid Serebryakov writes on this topic - a large banner of these places, an antiquity amateur and professional treasure detector: "Dozens of years, painstaking work, which was founded on at random finds and local lorded literature, a unique concept of Middle Volga Forests was developed. All buried treasies were conditionally divided into household, robbery, military, cultural and historical. " Let's figure it away at the beginning in how and why treasures arise.
The treasure is usually taken to consider a set of various items united by a single sign - the burial site. It can be expressed by jewelry, households, weapons, money and works of art. The Volga region is a very "yield * on the treasure, as I experienced enough" troubled times "who contributed to the treasure form. In the border and "free" areas of the past, which the district of the Middle Volga region was, people in general the time immemors lived "on the suitcases." Here the treasies had a somewhat unusual look. They were called funny - "banks". Constructed multi-tiered - up to ten levels. As a rule, in the lowest of them were kept the greatest values \u200b\u200bthat were reserved for a black day or the state of children, grandchildren, relatives. The remaining tiers, the closer to the surface, contained smaller values. The top of the top fulfilled the role of distracting, masking and "times. change. In the upper tier often launched the hand and owner ^ for the smallest. It will take a little, and when it becomes right] "Credit". Such "banks" allowed their creators with minimal losses to survive troubled times. Imagine, gifted by dashing people, move, and ... "banker" opens one or two banks "bank". Depending on how to blame, basic values, as well as the life of the bankospheritator, remained preserved.
When creating such "banks", the organizers left different tags to help find hidden, but not talking to unauthorized people. Remember the famous pirates, in a few moments before the execution of those who have thrown into the crowd of a zooak card, written by mysterious signs, and the words: "If you managed to catch me, Say to find my treasures1." What is it. Beautiful legends? As you know, any fairy tale has a real basis ...
Now let's see what treasies are found on the Middle Volga region? At the medium volgar, the treasures were found repeatedly. First, let's talk about the major. In Ulyanovsk in the middle of the seventies of the twentieth century of the boy, going through the old things in the attic, stumbled upon a casket, nailed with old-based * Lena, gold coins, diamonds and expensive jewelry. Who belonged and who kept among old things in the attic such great values, remained forever the mystery. The found was dissolved in the bottomless "bins of the Motherland", the house was demolished, and the building of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was built on the released area.
At about the same time, the treasure was found in the construction of a "Flight School". In this case, the worker tried to fill the shovel edge of the trench, knocked ... and gold coins flowed to his legs. Each one treasure in the city of the family was found in the Karamzin Garden District. These are large finds. Small, as a rule, are found during field work, fishing or picnic, mainly in the territories liberated from water. In the Stater Gulf in the early 70s right on the shore, the fishermen found a greater clay king with royal chervonians and silver coins.
Golovinsky shames are recognized as the most cladder of the city, there are not once. I note, in the mentioned cases in burials, copper "Catherine Pins" prevailed. In the Samara region, the "Treasury" is recognized by the Samara Luka, where the treasies were found repeatedly. The latter was found during the excavation of an ancient settlement in the vicinity of the village of Bruzya in August 1996 by the archaeological expedition of the Regional Fund of Social and Cultural Programs. For 40 days of work, the archaeologists were excavated by 5 Rannebulgarian Kurganov VII-VIII centuries AD, 13 burials examined. Unfortunately, as it turned out, they all turned out to be robbed hundreds of years ago, but ... besides jugs, pots, stews, iron tips for arrows and peak, and jewelry, bronze bracelets, rigs, silver buckles are found. As well as gold products: buttons, three "sockets" and foil are most likely planted or abandoned by robbers, as not having special values. Judging for the forgotten gold products, the robbers were lucky much more than archaeologists. There were no similar on the territory of the Samara region before.
The past summer in the Saratov region, the employees of the local FSB detained two US citizens and one Russian, who were looking for treasies with the help of a special device. As vigilant guards found out, the international traders found and excavated several burials belonging to the ancient Bulgarian culture. The found seized, and, according to experts, the finds were only historical value. Is it worth it to fly through the ocean and get to the Volga, dragging a dear device for the sake of several copper and silver coins?

We assume that foreigners engulfed the treasure devices for the example of some Russians. But they are more likely to fall in treasure in those regions where people have not received a salary for several years. Preferences in search of treasures are usually given to the banks of rivers, streams and ponds, which have binding to historical and folklore events of antiquity or ka-glitter, historical lays. What are the treasures can still be found on the Middle Volga region? The question is published, and here are the directions for further surveys. On May 31, 1223, near the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov, defending the Russian troops on the river Kalka, Mongolian Tumenes turned to the north-east and invaded the limits of Volga Bulgaria. Weakened with incurred losses in pro. The cereal battles of the Mongol army managed to destroy only the ancient city of Suvarya and, having defeated in the battle of Bioles. retreated. However, in the fall of 1236, the huge army of Batya literally collapsed on the ancient state of the average Volga. Mongols have broken and burned many cities and villages of the ancient bulb. Garia, destroying a lot of civilians. According to the currently found burials and residues of settlements of the ancient Bulgaria, you can judge the high level of the soul of the once deceased state and its wealth. After all, it was located at the intersection of the oldest trade routes. The remains of the Bulgarian settlements are found in almost any Institute of Silver Region: Tatarstan, Samara. Saratov or Ulyanovsk regions.
In the Ulyanovsk region, according to historical chronicles, in the Sengileevsky district, it is possible to see the remnants of the Bul-Harological Urban Settlement, presumably "early" - the capital of ancient Khanate. Who knows that keeps the land of the ancient capital of the once mighty and rich state?
Let's talk about "household" treasures. The creation of the latter, oddly enough, the representatives of the beautiful half of the population were more commonly engaged in. Probably, until men p; the land and fought, weak women were engaged in creating a JUP of firm delights. For long winter evenings, a woman was selected from crushed cords and threads of the model of future tramples, Persdne, Diadem, Monist, Choov, frontal rings. Then the models were covered with clay. When the shape of dried, the wax burned out and the molten metal was poured on it. Jewelry work was not limited to casting. For similar technology, beautiful decorations were manufactured, as if woven from the finest wires, and their cost at that time was significant. Having reached an exceptional heyday, only in the horses * of the XI century casting from bronze and silver moved to men who came up with casting jewelry into special stone forms and complicate the chased and engraving patterns.
On the Middle Volga region, as it turned out, I have a lot of jewelry workshops. The decorations manufactured in them were not uniform and reflected first of all tribal differences. How and where the craftsmen were hiding their crafts and did they like their treasures on? The burial was unusual: Little girls have a tendency to organize in the ground "secrets * - small pits with multicolored paper candy candy and other brilliant items, covered with glass pieces. Looks like this "secret" is extremely beautiful. The ancient craftsmen came in the same way, but ... the burial was distinguished by a special secretive - the day of protection of the main treasure around was created "false" distracting attention and leading from the main disposal. In the resourcefulness of the ladies will not refuse, both in the production of jewelry and when the latter concealment.
... Byzantine silver VI century detected on the tributaries of the Volga in Przadrals. In particular, the temple utensils are unlikely to serve as a trade. We must assume that they got there as the combat mining of Slavic man.
So in the Hermitage is stored one of the best collections of monuments of Byzantine culture, recognized worldwide. Dishes, buckets, bowls, richly decorated crosses. Including a true masterpiece - a dish of the IV century with a perfectly inscribed in the figure of the shepherd, thoughtfully sitting on the ledge of the rocks. The ancient master managed to harmoniously relieve the ideal of antique beauty with new motifs. But this dish was found near the city of Solikamsk in the Perm region in one of the treasures. Sometimes the owner of an ancient findman himself does not suspect her value ...
In one of the villages of Middle Volga, the ancient old woman was lucky for me to discover the silver Byzantine bucket, which served ... the feeding days of the chickens. The woman did not remember where he was from her. Now the print is time to tell about the robbery treasures. In time immemorials through the average Volga, several trading paths rang - East connected with the West. The first mention of trading Nugi according to the Volga refers to the end of the VIII - the beginning of the IX century. At the bottom Volga, the Eastern Trade Way was held, the axis of which the Volga River and Don served as the capital of Khazarin, the city of Itil, who was at the mouth of the Volga in Caspians, and to the countries of the East. To the north of Volzhsk-Donskoy, roads ran out of the Bulgarian state, located on the Middle Volga, through Voronezh Forests to Kiev and up the Volga. And also through North Russia to the areas of the Baltic.
Hence south, to the Don and the Azov Sea, the Muravskaya road led, called so later. There were merchants from the north, from the Vyatich forests, and those who moved to the north of the countries of the East. It can be assumed that in the former times of the Shakes and gangs on the Volga, it was enough enough. Probably, in pursuit of prey, "disassembly" among the robbers, who served the cause of hiding the cooled from colleagues - competitors.
The folklore who lived to this day keeps legends about the "heroes", bitten even in the Horde Danikov. Probably, in the old days on the path of the caravans, settlements were built for recreation of caravangers, they were the centers of their Dani, ensured the safety of caravans. I admit existence in such settlements of the underground network of robbers, tracking carpaceous caravans and the time and place of attacks. In addition to the gunners, they probably were those who hid a bad good and sent further to the placement of implementation. About the treasures of "Walking Lovers *, Citizens and Leaders of the Volga Wolitsa and Heroes of Russian History: Yermak, Musta, Stepan Razin and Emeliape Putachev will not speak, because it is a separate, quite a big topic. How to look for treasures?
The earth is like a living being. If you hit the finger, be sure about the time it will come out. The similar happens with the treasures. It happens that the burials roll pigs or at the field work found villages. The treasurebker should be remembered by the main rule: the field season begins after melting the snow and ends with the first frosts. Search the treasies best on the shores of streams, rivers, steep slopes and ravines; Before the expedition, archival documents should be examined, familiarize yourself with the local folklore and ... find a treasure in your own head - in other words, "calculate".
I will give an example of this position. Based on the legends and myths of ancient Greece, the largest German businessman and the archaeologist of the second half of the XIX century Heinrich Schliman found Troy! Enter intuition and subconscious: Many of the greatest scientific discoveries were at the beginning of the subconscious - the Russian scientist Dmitry Mendeleev came up with a "periodic table of chemical elements" in a dream.
When you find a treasure, along with the victorious exaltation there is a feeling of fast change in life: as if you should deprive something, to take something. It may be disappeared by luck in life, other due to the treasure - health or life itself. True, it's not customary to speak or write. Remember the immutable rule: the treasure can not be given the goal of your life! Over the years of the treasure devices, I brought another unimportant rule: to come to succeed, it is necessary ... bad luck. This discovery did when he found his first treasures on the ruins of the ancient capital of the Bulgarian kingdom, but I will not get ahead, the story about the expedition ahead.
In the nearby past, people, finding clan ... reburied him because of the fear of repression by the "native" state. (Check out the Criminal Code and statistics of the detainees of the past.) I will tell you the case that happened a few years ago. The man found a box with the old Soviet coins and jokingly thus thought that he found a big treasure. After some time, he was called to "organs" and demanded to return the assigned. When the "treastener" repented that he found Soviet money, he did not believe him. I barely twisted.
True, now the times have changed, now the treasure has now been to prove the "drawing", he gets his property. Maybe there has been some revival in the treasure detection medium. The places where the treasies were once found once, and the minority there were previous finds, the higher the probability of finding "real treasures".
Another my friend, Vasily N "reading in one of the magazines about foreign treasure devices, decided to approach the" professionally "and put the search for the treasure to flow. For rapid and successful searches, it has acquired the instrument for the astronomical amount "green" to search for treasures. He was called the "Fisher" and was a hybrid of the minion to the computer. The device shown on a tiny screen not only detected in the ground, but also "estimated" the find and determined the cost in courses of various dennaunations.
Tried the device in the garden and finding several curved nails and the rusted bearing, N. offered me to go with him for real treasures. The location of the survey was determined by the Volga island, where copper "Catherine" Pyataks have repeatedly found.
To the outcome of the first hour of search, the device told the loud "give" about the find and showed on the screen of the display with a stack of gold coins at a depth of about a meter. In the blink of an eye, throwing the sand, "diggers" found a stack of plugs from beer bottles of local production in a shallow pit. Tubes "Fisher" took for silver. Rusty piece of iron from a boat engine, as if muddled, called ... Platinum ink! In the end, Vasily had to part with an expensive foreign "assistant".
For several years in a row, I attend the ruins of the capital of the once mighty Bulgarian kingdom, I use not expensive devices for searching ancient treasure, and special methods that have never let me down and helped find enough rare things. I am convinced: the treasures are best looking at the dawn, preferably after a rainy day.
Mystic is not at what: the rain is blurring the land, and that gives "foreign" faster. ; .. The HSH century brought innumerable disasters to the peoples of the average Volga. Under the hooves of the Mongolian horses of Civilization, one of them is ancient state Volga Bulgaria.
Having bought out of curiosity published in Kazan, a handbook "Essays on the history and culture of the Bulgarian Khanate", I became interested in the place of the 1990s in the early 1990s, where in the XIII century the capital of the ancient state was located in the XIII century. Before going, thoroughly studied the directories and got acquainted with the modern reconstruction of the city. I came to the place and found out that every year the field archaeological season begins with the arrival of heat. Lasts not long - a month, one and a half; Finance is to blame, or rather - the absence of these.
After moving on excavations and talked with archaeologists, I found out: the ravine located behind the site of the excavation existed in the XIII century. The city market fell close to him. Allowed that during the storming of the city by the troops of Batya in the fall of 1236, the market worked - merchants sold their goods to the latter - not to leave the invaders! During the seven centuries, the ravine broke and absorbed a part of the market ranks. Suggested that the dignified money and other vendors were hidden in the ravine. Subsequent raids were confirmed by a hypothesis, but I found there not only coins ...
One day armed with a shovel, I decided to check the cultural layer. He twisted the earth, then the second, third, and ,., I am amazed: there are burning human bones. Moreover, together with the bones of adults and small - children's! It seems that the inhabitants of the city from Mala have saddled in the ravine, laid out firewood and set fire. Terribly, the population of the whole city destroyed so barbaric way!
At the bottom of the ravine I found a strange vessel that could be an incendiary Middle Ages, who served the cause of the death of unfortunate people. I will describe it: Copper, in the glance, a half-liter bottle, which poured oil, then wick walked, and the shell became ready for use. In the ravine, Tom found not only coins of ancient Bulgaria, but also other countries. Iranian drachmas, the coins of the Parwa kingdom, the Central Asian tangi ... As my finds show, Rusichi lived here. Because among the bones, I found a lot of native copper and silver cross and icons ... I also found the first coin here.
From the first trip brought a bunch of dirty coins - a number 12. Poland numismatic directories, found out, each "pulls" for $ 200!
Two of them and more expensive! In just a few hours of work. It was worth riding and dig in the mud! To quickly find coins, without resorting to excavations, developed special exercises for vision training. The result of the preparation did not slow down to affect: arguing with one comrades, in fifteen minutes I found 18 coins! On the excavations in Bulgarians, archaeologists treated me as a colleague. What to drive me? Laws do not break, I do not pick the land, I do not attend the excavations. Scientists noted, with their unique abilities, I found an old coin more in one trip, Che\u003e! They are all together for the entire field season.
In order to find coins, you need not only trained vision, but also definitely luck. So that Fortuna drew attention to you, you should "bring sacrifices" - first should not take long. I go out of the concept: luck is one, but a lot of failures. I made the next large find in one of the small, unremarkable towns of the Volga region in the fall of 1993. I will not risk calling the true names of the heroes of what happened from the fear to attract the close attention of tax authorities or criminal structures.
And it happened that. My good friend, a rural teacher, I will call him Ivanov, knowing about my passion for ancient, told< что одна бабушка, вскапывая весной свой огород, нашла глиняную крынку с медными монетами конца XVIII века. Клад весил около 17 кг. Мешали дела, и поехать на место я смог лишь по прошествии нескольких месяцев. Да и додумаешь, великое дело — крынка медных монет! Но Иванов настаивал и в конце концов убедил меня поехать. Приехав в городок, прошли в частный сектор. Во дворе одного из домов нас встретила разбитая старческим артритом сгорбленная старушка лет семидесяти пяти. Создавалось впечатление, ударь гром или обрушься ливень с градом, согбенная бабка отдаст Богу душу прямо на глазах.
Ivanov presented me with the old woman and asked to show the find. She spent us to the house and demonstrated the shards and 411 coins of chasing from 1757 No 1802. After making sure that the coins represent only an antique value, I agreed with it about the price and paid. Then he began to ask how and where she found her treasure. The old woman led us to the territory of the garden and showed a deepening in the ground. Strange, but I immediately appeared certain suspicions. After watching, I asked when her house was built and who lived before. The old woman said that the house of the church service was standing here, but he burned down on his foundation the collective farm built a house for her. I was interested in the message about the ancient foundation. After all, it could be stored something! He began to reflect.
Try money the land of people forced inexorable circumstances. Always those who buried the treasure, hoped later back and get hidden. For greater security, the values \u200b\u200bwere separated into several parts and hid in different places - as if the labyrinth was built. Less valuable, closer to the surface, more precisely - deeper. The first - distracting treas can be found randomly, when pumping the Earth. It turned out that Granny could only find the fucking treasure! So nearby could hide the "main". Having simply, I thought: where could he be hidden?
The most common school discipline is geometry. The main elements of this science are Figures: Triangle, Circle, Square. People think most often the same, "straightly," because they studied a simple geometry in school, EUK-Lida, and not Lobachevsky. He began with a triangle. The old foundation is one point, the place where Krinka was, - the second, and where is the third? The third rested in the area of \u200b\u200bthe garden. Pointing a finger to the "calculated" place, I asked what was there before.
- Ros Kush Bузsina, "answered the mistress of the house," only he was cut down long ago. I asked for my hypothesis to check for a pitchfoon and stuck them in the ground. And from there, there was a ringing * as if the bell! It happened incredible.
Soon, a large ceramic boiler appeared from the ground, covered with a cast-iron frying pan. It also turned out to be copper coins, but much more large numbers and mass (up to 75 kg). At home I washed my coins and found out their cost. It turned out that even copper coins cost from 100 to 470 dollars. And the total amount of old treasure was quite large. But it is possible that we did not find the most expensive treasure. The old woman soon died, and new tenants, most likely, do not even suspect that they could have a real treasure under their feet.
Treasurefishing stories are sometimes full of so many secrets and drama, how much humor. Somehow one of my acquaintance went to the "Shabshka". Clear business. If you do not pay at the main place of work, you have to look for earnings yourself. So my Nikolai as part of the Brigade worked in the village of Iceshkino Stromainek region: the management of the economy it was necessary to postpone the house for a new place. I got my friend to dig a pit under the foundation. At some point, his shovel hit something massive. When Nakhodka dug up and began to purify from the ground, then something yellow from under the clay layer flashed.
- Gold! Excavated excavations. - Now heal! H6 When the greenish stains of oxide appeared, it became clear that they found the ingot of ordinary brass. Below to the store and weighed on the scales. The ingot pulled 12.5 kg. The people attracted by an unusual incident pulled out to the counter. Everything was interested to know if the gold was found to find driving hardships? And when one of the old women recalled that on the place where the pit was dug, the local rich lived, then a small excitement began. News of find came to local authorities. The power has risen and even ordered to send the ingot to the examination. Experts confirmed that this is indeed brass, but the passions did not subside. I had to urgently complete the work and leaving my unhappy find.
- Why do not throw ingot? - asked Nikolai. - Ok I will tell. You see, the brass enters the production of standard rods and ingots. The found ingot is clearly non-standard, someone specially cast it. Asks for what? Why did someone need to cast a curl from bars? The longer we ponder, the more confidence grew - the ingot hides something inside.
I suffered for a long time, while I did not read somewhere, in antiquity in metal bars hid great values. They were laid in an iron or clay penny and poured with metal. The melting point has become higher than that of brass, and the values \u200b\u200bdid nothing. It seems such a cake did not imagine much value, and in fact - safe! "Open" it is possible, only sawing the upper shell or melting it.
Of course, the proportion of truth in the words of the owner of the ingot was. In ancient times, there was not exactly the usual way to store values \u200b\u200bin the treasures. Moreover, visual inspection did not lead to positive results. This is what the robbers of antiquity ... Values \u200b\u200bintended for concealment were kneaded in clay. Did a "doll". Her after drying was poured with copper, bronze or lead. The ingot was obtained, reveal which could be only sawing it with a hacksaw. But that's not all. Outside the ingot was again wrapped in a thick layer of clay and burned on fire. This work of "robbing art" could be safely thrown on the road or bodied to the ground - the homemade "safe" was practically not different from the simple cobblestone.
What can be added to conclusion? Approximately three years ago, two Ulyanovites on the shore of one of the Volga Plesa found the clay king with copper coins - allegedly Catherine times. They shifted the worry found in the fishing bucket and brought one of them to the garage. Then the coins were distributed to everyone who wishes. When the rumors reached me and I came and asked to show the find, the master of the garage said: "Eh, everyone disassembled, now no coin remains."
So we sometimes refer to the treasures. We would know these fishermen that each such coin is estimated by the catalog from 100do $ 570, the blow would be enough. The case described once again confirms: the treasures in the middle of the Volga there are - they just need to look. These are the advice and wishes to the next generations of the famous Top Leonid Serebryakov.

Dictionary of Treasure Guide Terminals
Copiar terminology:

Nakhodka - all that is raised using MD.
Habbor - useful, interesting, dedicated findings.
Schmurdyak - useless, not interesting, not deemed to identify the find.
Konyashka - just the found coin on the reverse of which is the image of the rider G.P.
Lisa, Katya, Paul, Alexander 1-2, Anna, Nikolay 1-2- - coins relevant to these rulers (Nikolay - only Nicholas-2)
Targets, sweatshirts - the presence of a hole when examining new places, i.e. You were ahead.
Aboriginal- an ordonian territory of the population.
Interrogate aborigine. - To derive something interesting from the locals.
Interrogate with addiction, the same with a bubble.
Sukhodrishchevka-village or place poor on finds
Tuben, Bublik - Search coil
Lunny landscape- not swapped pits
Shaggy finds are good finds.
Douglas, Chelenger, Drichpopel, Chesto - Transport in which we go
Band Trolley-Bohii Kopari
Anynyak - Archeology
Skhodnyak-Slender (sometimes different and even bath)
Fiscard-shovel "Fiscars"
Knee-device-MD (any)
Cocaliki- irretrievably spoiled coins
"Swinory" - who are digging like pigs
Local Local (Aboriginal), as a rule, shepherd (shepacled) or local aksakal, which can be tongulated with the language to the right place.
Tired coin - a coin with pretty erased (it is erased) traces of chasing
Mow, waving a description of the process of scanning the surface of the Earth MD
Wallet - from 5 to 15 coins from one hole
Arch-Uzakheny Black Dirbs !!!
Ahernologists - Okrenovy Arch
Konified - detail of horse harness
Seeds, scales - Silver coins of Dopererovsky Time
Zhorik - coin depicting George Victorious.
Lyzhak - Cemetery
"WATCH COPE" - Find a coin on a distinguished place
Well - digest in the ground

Bilon is a low-grade silver coin.
Embossed place - a search space is often visited by diggers, as a rule
It has a lunar landscape due to non-unscrupulous Yamcokok.
Report - regularly replenished treasure. Analogue of the modern bank account. For example, Vladalerts Kabaka, located on the crowd of the village or in the distance from her, it could quitely fear the robbers or a fire and a cash desk kept in the ground, after each working day, repeating a new revenue. And at the end of the month I went to the city for a commodity or stored value to the annual fair. In such treasures, we can find coins of different periods, different emperors.
Domongol (Domongolchina) - items that have been going to the housesongol period of our history.
Badge is a variety of treasure. According to custom, fortunately in one of the corners of the house under the lower crown or to the foundation, during construction, coins were laid. If there was no coin, they could put just bread. The richer was the owner of the house, the more valuable there were coins, it was possible to lay in all four corners of the building.
Earth grandfather is a mythical assistant to the treasure detector, which must be pouring, coming to the place. Some also read a special conspiracy at the same time ...
Capusionnik - 2 kopeck coins 1810-1830.
Catin Pyhat - coin the dignity of 5 kopecks of the reign of Catherine second.
The treasure is a certain number of valuable things (vintage coins, dishes, decorations, household items, etc.), which once was deliberately buried into the ground or hidden in another place (oven, wall, windowsill, etc.) in order to preserve long-term term.
Kopar, digger - a man involved in instrument search.
Leaf (petal) - a native cross in shape resembling sheet, most common from the crosses.
Masonic eagle, mason-coin with an eagle image with lowered wings.
The garden (gardens) - the fields located behind the territory of the settlement directly adjacent to the "vegetable" villagers and summer residents. "Walk through the gardens" is to search in the immediate vicinity of private sites.
The scumbags are diggers that continue to ride the kopecks and in winter, hollow out from the frozen land of finds with an ax or fishing feet. They are snowdrops.
Specotine is a place near the village, where the burenks are approaching the grass to a height of 5 cm, which facilitates the cop.
Lost - lost once an old coin.
IF - field of miracles. The place is extremely rich in finds, knocking out for many years and continuing to give finds.
The bee - 2 kopeck coins of 1810, with an eagle look like a bee.
Rarik is a very rare subject with greater value.
Disassembling - plowed treasure. Often, the places of former settlements became conventional fields for sowing crops. The treasures, buried shallow, became the victims of the plow, who cleaned the coins over the years over the entire field.
Summary - valuable items, coins just dropped out of his pocket and lost.
Saranscha is a group of pro, which have already visited the tract to you and thoroughly "knocked out."
Syndrome Fly-Costochi - Desire "On the Field and Find Field". A characteristic feature of all search engines. Another close to the diggers of the fairy-tale character - Koshchei: "Koshuya above the kilt" - the digger cleans the found coins (usually sounds from the mouth of the spouse / spouse of the digger).
The storyteller is a local type with a light pasta of the weekly zayny. He loves to tell the bike, "ship", "squat on the ears" for a long time.
Scan - Check the Earth MD for the presence of something metallic.
Skup - Special Scoop for Copper on the Beach.
Sniperka - a small coil from 4 to 8 inches for littered places and scales.
Tips - coins chased in the time of the USSR 1921-1991
Save - the degree of preservation of the coin, from which the cost of coins directly depends.
Rack - Pose of a digger, which walked a good signal. "Make a rack" - to frozen in place, reducing the device from side to the side, focusing on the singing of headphones.
Killed is a poorly preserved coin or another subject.
Ears - headphones. "Cover your ears" - put on the headphones.
Walking - coins are in circulation.
Queen Fields - Anna Joanova's money, one of the most common finds, can be found almost on any field. Or 2 kopecks Alexander-1
Scales are the coins of the Dopererov reform. Small silver coins, the size of the nail, similar to the form on fish scales.
MD-metal detector,
Cop - an event to raise artifacts conducted on the ground,
Schedule (all known) - dated metal material,
accompanying interesting artifacts,
Save - the condition of the found Khabara,
Intelligence - location for the corop,
Colored metal, the most respected by search engines a signal about finding underground items from copper, bronze, aluminum, gold, silver, etc.
Discount - the ability of metal detectors to distinguish between colored and black metals
Katuha - Search Ring Metal Detector
Bulipuha -Meta with the chasing of the previous coin did not leave from under the press, but stamped to one of the stamps. Thus, one of the sides of the adhesive coin itself became a stamp, which hit the next mug. Naturally, the image on the coin has become a mirror.
Chernina - all that is not non-ferrous metal
"Raise" - to dig any thing;
Tract - a place where it was
Tyrka - MD "X-Terra" Asya - Metal detector Garret Ace. Garic MotorClider Garrett.
"Cocanoid" or "Cocanoids" - the remnants of the rusty roof and other incomprehensible segments with good halo.
"Termites" - in relation to local Aboriginal sawing forest in the corop area.
"Provider" - shepherd of cows.

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Source of materials and photos:
The team is wetting.
http://forum.kladoiskatel.ru/
http://www.klady-rossii.ru/klady_volgi1.php.
http://poryvaev.ru/kladu_i_sokrovisha/
http://kartoved.ru/forum/
http://saratovklad.ru/