The diet of 2 5 years. Child food from two to three years. Pasta with broccoli
The period of breastfeeding remained behind, the organism of the fastener, and dairy teeth appeared. The baby can already independently chew food, without needing its preliminary grinding. However, the needs of the child are growing every day, increasing the pace of development of the body. There is a diverse food, more enriched with fats, proteins and carbohydrates. But not everything from our daily diet can be given to a child at that age. And then the question arises how the child's nutrition should be in 2 years, and what should be known?
Due to the improved work of the gastrointestinal tract and the presence of teeth, the food is absorbed by the child much more efficiently and faster. The 2-year-old child's meals involves a more diverse and complicated diet that helps the further development of chewing and digestion processes. It is important to stimulate a child to train a chewing reflex at an early age so that in the future he was not picky about fresh fruit, vegetables and meat products. For this reason, the kid should use dishes that have the same hardness and consistency as for an adult. More dense food will help reduce the volume and frequency of food intake, and will also quickly bring saturation to a two-year-old child.
Mandatory list of products
The child's diet in 2 years should contain a storehouse of trace elements, useful substances and vitamins. At this age, the menu includes more products that the baby can assimilate. The main criterion in the preparation of the child's menu should be the balanced presence of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, and assimilate them during the day.
Cruses and dishes
The most satisfying and suitable baby breakfast. Staying as an attitude from a one-year-old age, porridges appear to the fore aged two. In the morning, they gently awaken the child's digestive system, at the same time saturating the fiber and trace elements. Most casses contribute to the cleansing of the body from slags and harmful substances. For a child, the best will be the use of porridge cooked on milk.
They are considered daily compulsory in the diet of a 2-year-old child. The best yogurt and kefir are suitable. Stew, unshearch cheese in small doses is welcome. The remaining dairy products are best served in combination with other dishes. Cottage cheese perfectly suits the child as cheese and casserole. On the basis of not very fat milk, porridge is boiled, and cream and sour cream can be added in small quantities in soups and salads. Important are freshness and a small component of the fatty of dairy kitchen.
Meat dishes
Meat products increase their significance in the menu of baby food in the formation of the smaller body. Are an effective source of protein and iron. The daily rate of consumption is from 50 to 90 grams. It is best to feed a child with low-fat velves veal or beef, turkey. Admissible in limited quantity quantities. Meat products should be boiled, steamed or paired cooked. Fried meat food still remains harmful to the baby gastrointestinal tract, as it contains many carcinogens. Can be a non-fat sausage. Meat consumption is recommended in the first half of the day, because it is the most severely digestible food.
A fish
Along with meat, it is a huge source of useful trace elements. The use of fish is recommended 3-4 times a week. The daily rate for the child is 2 years to 40 gr. Carefully peeled marine or river fish is supplied in the form of a boiler, bokings, as well as in boiled form. Cooking is actively welcome: in this case, most of the nutrients persist in the product itself. Do not feed the child with semi-finished products, canned and fatty fish, such as salmon, salmon, halibut or sturgeon.
Vegetables
Present a rich source of fiber and a large set of vitaminated substances. The daily rate of consumption of such products is 100-200 gr. Vegetables as part of most dishes are an excellent appetite stimulator. The diet of a 2-year-old child no longer requires the mandatory supply of vegetable dishes in the form of a puree. Now products can be simply cut into small pieces. Useful for the child are salads from vegetables and stew, soups. Gradually, you can enter sources of slow carbohydrates, such as legumes. Now a small amount of bow or garlic can be added to the dishes. Also give radishes or repka.
Fruits and berries
A child with adoration eats fruit and berry dishes, which are products with a high content of vitamins and fiber. The child's nutrition in 2 years must include fruit diversity in the menu. A good choice will be fruit salads, refilled by yogurt, as well as natural juices. You can gradually introduce bananas into the diet. From citrus, it is still worth refraining, as they can be a strong allergen for a child.
From what should be abstained
Despite the fact that most products are already present in the child's nutrition menu, there are also a series of differences between the kid's diet and an adult. Some products still can make an imbalance into digestive processes.
Fast Fud and semi-finished products
More than once it was said about the dangers of fast food products. They do not bear any benefit for the child, and has a negative impact on all processes of vital activity. It should not be in any form to offer a child a gas composition, snacks, fast snacks, etc. Semi-finished products, such as canned food and pickled food, for the most part violate the metabolic processes. Due to the high content of preservatives, such food annoys the walls of the intestine and the stomach, can cause meteorism, constipation or diarrhea. The children's body is particularly susceptible, so it may suffer because of the inability to learn this food.
Sweet
Sweet is not absolutely prohibited in the diet of proper nutrition for a child for 2 years, but its consumption must be limited and strictly monitored. Sugar can cause addiction and acts as a strong allergen. In addition, it is a strong causative agent of the nervous system. Permissible in small quantities to treat a child with marmalade or jam. A good alternative to sweet fruit will be.
Spicy and acute food
Dishes prepared with a large quantity of seasonings can be inadequately perceived by another vulnerable digestive system. Acute food and can cause the mucous membranes at all.
Accustomed to the child to proper nutrition from younger age will facilitate the further formation of a healthy lifestyle. At different hours of day, products are absorbed with different intensity, which affects the overall life and comfort of the kid. For this reason, it is desirable to observe a clear chart of food intake, not accompanied by snacks that interrupt the child's appetite.
Breakfast
It is best to start a day with a light, but satisfying food. Such qualities have porridge cooked on milk. These include: rice, barley, oatmeal. Special benefits buckwheat. In combination with a small piece of butter, as well as an admixture of fruit, such a breakfast will be delicious and appetizing for a child. A good addition to breakfast will be cottage cheese and dishes from it, for example, cheesery. Cocoa or natural fruit juice can be submitted as beverages.
The diet of the two-year kid is almost the same as in adults. It is important that the child gets protein, fats and carbohydrates in sufficient quantities. During this period, the base is laid for the full physical development of a small little man. Special attention should be paid to the preparation of the menu in the off-season and in winter, when the sharp lack of vitamins is felt. To support the baby, he should regularly give the infusion of rosehip, compote from dried fruits, vitamin complexes.
Diet
Most of the kids are content with four-time feeding. Weak kids, especially those who often affect, needed enhanced nutrition - in addition to the main meals and afternoon, it is worth adding a second breakfast (two hours after the first). It should consist of light dishes designed to reinforce: so the child will be easier to withstand the time before lunch, it will not feel a feeling of hunger. Schedule option:
- 08:00 - first breakfast;
- 10:00 - the second breakfast;
- 12: 30-13: 00 - lunch;
- 16: 00-17: 00 - afternoon school;
- 18: 30-19: 00 - dinner.
It is desirable to observe a 4-hour interval between the main meals. Optimal dishes for afternoon and second breakfast - yogurt, a sandwich with tea, a small portion of omelet, cottage cheese, fruit puree, cottage cheese pudding.
For breakfast, the child is worth giveing \u200b\u200bporridge - it will provide his energy at the beginning of the day, he will feel cheerful and movable. Important! The consistency of the dishes can already be viscous, it is not necessary to sharpen the croup to completely easily. Excessively dry porridge is also not suitable - the baby can be difficult to burn it, and not all the kids are ready to eat the crumbly dish - it is more difficult to hold it in a spoon or take from a plate.
In addition to breakfast, it is worth offering a hot drink: tea, cocoa, a substitute for coffee (for example, chicory or barley). The perfect "partner" to them is a cheese sandwich or dry cookies. As an option - gingerbread.
The dinner of the baby should be complex and consist of vegetable salad, soup or borscht, in the summer you can offer a okroshka, a souse with a meat dish (you can replace fish or by-products at some weeks), dessert. Please note that the child should not offer all sorts of "fur coats", "Olivier", "Caesari" and other wonders of cooking. If salad means fresh cabbage with carrots, vinaigrette, boiled beet or zucchini, cucumbers or tomatoes. As a side dish, you can offer vegetable or mashed potatoes.
An afternoon person - intermediate meals, it should be easy. Most often it is fruit puree, cottage cheese, yogurt, fruit and cookies, juice. For dinner, baby can be prepared porridge or pudding. This meal is not so important as lunch or breakfast. Many kids love to drink a cup of kefira or milk before bedtime.
What products should be present in a 2-year-old child's diet
Every day the baby needs to eat meat, milk and porridge. Let the baby are not degreasing, but one-piece products - they are necessary for feeding the cells of the nervous system, as well as for brain activity. Milk, yogurt and kefir contribute to strengthening the bone-skeletal system, as they contain calcium. It is also present in solid cheese.
Baby can only give real products. Carefully learn the product description, the fears should cause the following names: "Sweet-containing product", "Spread", "Cheese Product" - usually their cost is 30-70% cheaper than originals. There is nothing useful in such products, it only to taste remotely resembles real cheese, sour cream or butter.
Recipe on the occasion::
The magnitude of the portions Depends on the child's appetite and its needs. So, on the day, the baby can give about 100 g of cottage cheese. If you decide to replace it with solid cheese - no more than 40 g. The child is preferable to give a marine, for example, cod or cambal. With no less pleasure, he bails salmon dishes. Yes, such grades of fish are more expensive, but they contain omega3-unsaturated fatty acids that are particularly useful to the body.
Sources of vitamins and minerals
Vegetables and fresh fruits will ensure the flow of vitamins and minerals. Of course, it is desirable to give them fresh. Vegetables are useful to stew, cook or bake, fried it is better to give it better, the baby gastrointestinal tract is not completely ready for such food. Prepare a child all sorts of stew and winegre.
The best refueling for salads is sour cream or vegetable oil, including olive. Fashionable seasons of industrial production or mayonnaise - in the category of prohibited products. It is useful to season salad salatics - dill or parsley, you can add a little celery. Periodically offer the baby green salad. Do not abuse greens - everything is fine in moderation.
Soups
Many parents are disturbing the dislike of children to soups. Most often it is caused by a monotonous diet. Think up the kid menu in such a way that every day to delight it with new dishes. Possible options: Vegetable soups, borsch, Solyanka, Soup, puree soups from broccoli, pumpkins, zucchini.
So far, you should not add a bay leaf or tomato paste to the first dishes, we also recommend to refrain from pepper. Limit the greens. In the broth it is desirable to lay low-fat meat: veal, chicken, rabbit. Of course, so far it's too early to pick up the first dishes.
Sweets
It is too early to offer a child with cream cakes - he is not ready for this yet. But the baby can be pampered by marshmallow, marmalade, soufflé, pudding or other goodies. Chocolate is better not to give - it often causes an allergic reaction, especially if the kid is offered many candies at once.
Taboo
Most likely, your baby is already watching TV and sees advertising of carbonated drinks, chips, all kinds of bars and other products that are extremely harmful to children's health. Try to explain to the child how dangerous they are, offer him a decent alternative: juices, compotes, homemade cookies and other goodies.
They are not suitable for kids and ordinary canned foods - they contain food additives, concentrates and other components that do not belong to useful. It is worth a caution to choose sausage - it is better to refrain from smoked, as a last resort, treat the baby with a sandwich with "doctoral", of course, fresh and excellent quality.
Approximate menu for a week
We bring to your attention the option of the weekly menu. Focusing on him, you can create your own child nutrition plan.
Monday:
- Breakfast. Oatmeal with raspberries and blackberry flavored with butter. Sandwich with cheese and drink from chicory.
- Dinner. Vinaigrette, supplemented with vegetable oil. Cauliflower soup, green peas and spinach with crackers. Buckwheat porridge with veal cutlets. Apple juice.
- Afternooner. Curd casserole with sour cream (5 g). Fruit salad. Dried fruits compote.
- Dinner. Omelet. Tea with cookies.
- Breakfast. Potato-meat casserole. Fresh cabbage salad with carrots. Tea with sandwich.
- Dinner. Salad of rice, arugula and cheese. Pea soup on beef ribs. Potato mashed potatoes with stewed liver. Compote from fresh fruit.
- Afternooner. Yogurt with fruit filler. Gingerbread tea.
- Dinner. Zrazy with an egg and onions. Rice porrige. Cocoa.
- Breakfast. Omelet with spinach. Cookies. Rho rosehip.
- Dinner. Salad of green peas, greenery and bow. Borsch with beans. Oatmeal with chicken memers and sauce. Dried fruits compote.
- Afternooner. Curd pudding. Peach juice with cookies.
- Dinner. Stewed cabbage with prune and boiled potatoes. Boiled fish. Milk with cookies.
- Breakfast. Curd pudding with fruit. Sandwich with dutch cheese. Barley drink.
- Dinner. Boiled carrots salad. Pumpkin soup. Wheat porridge with chicken memers. Cherry Kissel.
- Afternooner. Fruit jelly. Kefir with cookies. Apple.
- Dinner. Meat casserole with stewed vegetables (zucchini, cauliflower, broccoli, spinach).
- Breakfast. Pearl porridge with vegetables. Milk with a bun.
- Dinner. Boiled beet salad with prunes and nuts. Salmon cream soup. Vegetable stew. Dried fruits compote.
- Afternooner. Cottage cheese with fruit puree. Apple cherry juice.
- Breakfast. Lental porridge with vegetables and greens. Cocoa and a sandwich with "doctoral" sausage.
- Dinner. Salad with zero and vegetables. Soup with meatballs and cauliflower. Potato mashed potatoes with braised cod. Plum juice. Cookies.
- Afternooner. Curd pudding. Smorodine Kissel. Bun.
- Dinner. Rice porridge with prunes. Tea with cookies.
Sunday:
- Breakfast. Omelet. Fruit salad. Compote from dried fruits with crackers.
- Dinner. Fresh cabbage salad. Solving soup with sour cream and egg. Perlovka with stew veal. Apple compote.
- Afternooner. Oatmeal cookies with milk.
- Dinner. Stew vegetables (cauliflower, carrots, zucchini, broccoli) with rabbit. Tea with a bun.
In addition to the mentioned dishes, the baby needs to give wheat and rye bread daily. Periodically, you can replace traditional black tea with herbal or decoction of rosehip. Two or three times a week, instead of a porridge, it is worth offering noodles. In the summer season, instead of boiled vegetables, offer the child a salad of tomatoes or cucumbers.
For two years, kids have up to 20 dairy teeth, which allows them to chew food well. At the same time, the production of digestive juices and food is easier to digest, so it is so important to teach the child in a timely manner. To do this, it is necessary to replace liquid and semi-liquid food more dense: gradually introduce strawed porridges, vegetable and cereal casseroles, stewed vegetables.
If the baby at this age does not commit to eat dense food, requiring chewing, then in the future it will reluctantly take or even abandon the necessary dishes as meat pieces, fruits, vegetables. The child between the ages of 1.5 and 3 years should have a four-time food - Breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner. And at lunch, it should receive approximately 40-50% of the entire nutritional value of the diet, and the remaining 50-60% are distributed for breakfast, afternoon personnel and dinner. Energy value of products per day is 1,400-1500 kcal.
The child needs to receive 50-60 grams of protein, 70-75% of which should be animal origin; fats - 50-60 grams, including about 10 grams of plant origin; Carbohydrates - 220 grams. As at the very beginning of the second year of life, a child of 1.5-3 years must use a sufficient amount of ferocular products to 550-600 grams (this number includes the quantity that goes to the preparation of various dishes). Fresh cottage cheese, various types of curd products and cheesecakes for children, non-large varieties of cheese, sour cream and cream to refuel soups and salads should be present in the child's diet.
The children of this age, on average, 25-50 g of cottage cheese (fat 5-11%), 5-10 g of cream or sour cream (10-20%), 5 g of cheese, 500-550 ml of milk and kefir (3.2 -four%). Cottage cheese, sour cream, cream, cheese, can be used after 1-2 days in more quantities, for example, for the preparation of dumplings, cheesery, casserole. And milk and fermented milk drinks should be included in the diet daily.
With age in the diet of the child, the amount of meat gradually increases - from 100 g of 1.5 years to 120 g to 3 years. Usually used beef, veal, low-fat pork, rabbit meat, lamb, horseback. Useful in child nutrition Sub-products (they are rich in protein and fat-soluble vitamins, especially vitamin A, have more gentle than meat, structure, and therefore, lighter and faster digested in the gastrointestinal tract) - liver, language, heart. The meat can be prepared already in the form of steam, wind kitlet, stew, roasted minced meat.
From sausages not often and in limited quantities for the expansion of taste perception, milk sausages can be given and some varieties of boiled sausages (dietary, dairy, doctoral). A chicken egg, which is one of the main protein suppliers, should be given, on average, 1/2 per day, or 1 egg every other day and only boiled screwed or in the form of an omelet, and also use them for cooking casserole and meat.
In the menu, the child, if there are no medical contraindications, should include dishes from marine and river fish varieties, with the exception of fatty and delicate varieties (sturgeon, salmon, salmon, halight) up to 30-40 g / day. Children can offer boiled or roasted fish, freed from bones, fish cutlets, bokings. Smoked and canned fish are not recommended (with the exception of specialized children's canned children), as well as caviar, which is a very fat and high-caliped product.
Due to the fact that fruits and vegetables contain a large number of ballast substances, including dietary fibers, sufficient consumption of their daily diet can serve as constipation of constipation. An important property of vegetables and fruits is their ability to enhance the release of digestive juices that increase appetite. Children from 1.5 to 3 years are recommended daily use of potatoes in the amount of up to 100-120 g / day. (including for the preparation of the first dishes). If for some considerations, potatoes are not used in the diet, it can be replaced with other vegetables in the same volume. As well as 150-200 g of various vegetables for cooking soups, salads, side dishes. Especially useful: carrots, cabbage, zucchini, pumpkin, beets, tomatoes.
In contrast, in the food of a child over 1.5 years old, it is necessary to constantly include garden greens: parsley, spinach, salad, green onions, garlic in small quantities for refueling soups, salads and second dishes. At this age, the vegetable diet is expanding due to the introduction of radish, radish, turnips and legume crops, such as peas, beans, beans. Vegetable puree replace finely chopped salads, stewed and boiled vegetables, sliced \u200b\u200bsmall pieces.
The mandatory component of the child's daily diet is fruit - 100-200 g / day. And 10-20 g / day berries. The kids are glad to eat apples, pears, plums, bananas, cherries (pre-from them need to remove bones). Given the greater probability of the appearance of an allergic reaction to citrus and exotic fruits, their introduction to the diet should be extremely careful.
Among the berries are especially useful black currant, gooseberry, lingonberry, cranberries, black rowan, sea buckthorn. Some fruits and berries have a fixing effect, as they contain tubinous substances. These include blueberries, pear, black currant. It is important to consider if child suffering from constipation. Kiwi, but also other fruits and berries eaten in large quantities have a pronounced relaxing effect. Various fruit, berry and vegetable juices are useful for children of all ages, but if children have been recommended to children under the year, then after 1.5 years, it is possible to offer the kid juices with a pulp to 100-150 ml per day after meals.
Any new product that you are going to include in the Child menu must be given in a small amount (1-2 teaspoons) in the first half of the day, in order to be able to trace the reaction of the body to the portability of the "novelties". When signs of allergies appear, the use of such a product should be discontinued.
In the nutrition of children over a year and a half uses various cereals. Especially useful and buckwheat, rich in mineral salts and vitamins, a full protein. It is useful to include in the diet of such cereals as bias, millet, barley. Children of this age can already eat noodles, vermicells in the form of garnings or dairy soups, but these products do not need to be carried away, as they are rich in carbohydrates. On average, children over 1.5 years per day must be given no more than 15-20 g of cereals and 50 g of pasta.
Sugar also enters the diet of children. It improves the taste quality of dishes, but its excess is harmful to the health of the child, as it reduces the appetite, it may affect the metabolism and lead to an excessive increase in body weight. The child aged 1.5 to 3 years can be consumed up to 30-40 g of sugar per day. This quantity includes easily durable carbohydrates - glucose contained in juices, beverages, sweets.
Food-containing carbohydrates - bread, pasta, potatoes, cereals, in the amount recommended above, will not give a child the amount of energy necessary for its age. The physiological features of the gastrointestinal tract and enzyme systems of the child's body do not allow to increase the volume of one-time meal, and therefore calorie content can be fill out only due to the easily friendly carbohydrates. Their use in the diet of a healthy child is necessary, since glucose is an energy substrate for cerebral cells, liver, kidneys. But everything should be in reasonable limits. Sweets that can be pamping a child - grazing, marmalade, fruit caramel, jungle, marshmallow. Chocolate and chocolate candies should not be offered to the baby, as they increase the excitability of the nervous system and can cause allergic reactions.
Approximate one-day menu for children from 1.5-3 years
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Each person's nutrition must be balanced so that the body makes a sufficient amount of energy for vital activity. Especially if it is a growing baby, for which the food is a supplier of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, trace elements and fiber. The child's menu in 2 years need to be carefully planned to be able to take a sufficient amount of energy a day. The body grows, and considerable attention is paid to food.
Differences from infant food
The menu of the child in 2 years is already different from what he drove a year. Now the main products are introduced as feeding, almost all the teeth have grown, and you can move with the food of the food on the pusp. Soups should not turn in mashed potatoes, let the baby learns to chew. It is also not necessary to twist meat into mince, you can boil and cut into small pieces either to stew. The thickness of the porridge gradually should also increase. Dairy products must be present in the diet along with meat, croups, bread, vegetables and fruits. Let the kid join a shared table, eats with everyone and takes an example from his parents - so he will learn to keep a spoon faster and will look forward to the next meal. However, the child's menu in 2 years should not consist of those dishes that are eating adults. Children of this age should be prepared separately.
Differences from adult nutrition
The growing body of the kid needs only in those products that bring him benefits. You need to know that the adult food is not suitable in the menu for a child for 2 years:
- mushrooms;
- shop canned food, tomato sauces, mayonnaise, pickled vegetables;
- carbonated drinks;
- seafood and salted fish;
- meat duck, goose;
- sausages and smoked breaths;
- coffee beverages;
- sharp seasonings and spices;
- the number of chocolate and confectionery should be limited.
Over time, the child will eat the same as adults, and for two-year-old kids there are a huge multitude of dishes, which will be delighted not only to the crumb, but also his parents.
Example menu for baby 2 years
To facilitate the task of interested moms and dads, we give a detailed nutritional scheme for children.
| Day | Breakfast | Dinner | Afternoon person | Dinner |
| 1. | 200 g semolina, 100 ml tea with milk, sandwich (30 g of bread and 10 g of butter) | 40 g of green lettuce with sour cream, 150 ml of borscht on bone broth of fresh vegetables, 60 g beef zraz, 100 g of buckwheat porridge, 100 ml of apple juice, 30 g of wheat and 20 g of rye bread | 150 ml kefir, 15 g of cookies, one apple | 200 g of fish with vegetables in sour cream, 150 ml of kefir, 10 g of wheat and rye bread |
| 2. | 200 g with nuts and apples, 150 ml of fastening tea, sandwich | 40 g Salad from apples and beets, 150 ml of potato soup with manna dumplings, 50 g of booths from boiled meat, 100 g potato mashed potatoes, 100 ml of fruit compote, 30 g of wheat and 20 g of rye bread | 150 ml of milk, oat cortis | 50 g Omelet with cauliflower, 150 g 150 ml kefir, 10 g of rye and wheat bread |
| 3. | 40 g Salad from apples and tomatoes, 160 g of milk Hercules porridge, 150 ml cocoa beverage, sandwich | 40 g of herring appetizer, 150 ml of hot beetter, 200 g of rice cake with liver and dairy dill, 100 ml of infusion of rosehip, 30 and 20 g of wheat and rye bread, respectively | 150 ml with black currant, cottage cheese cogich | 200 g of cottage cheese zaras with fruit sauce, 150 ml kefir, 20 g bread |
| 4. | 200 g Cheesery with sour cream, 150 ml of milk, sandwich | 40 g of fresh cabbage salad, carrots and beets, 150 ml brideller, 60 g of steam fish nodes, 40 g sauce, 100 g potato mashed potatoes, 100 ml of juice from tomatoes, bread | 150 ml kefir, 10 g of cookies, baked with sugar apple | 200 g of potato bonds with egg and sauce, 150 ml kefir, bread |
| 5. | 200 g of dairy rice porridge, 150 ml cocoa with milk, cheese sandwich | 40 g of green peas with bow and oil, 150 ml soup with meatballs and cornframes, 50 g beef bokings, 100 g of cottage cheese and zucchini, 100 ml of strawberry jelly, bread | 150 ml of walnut milk, bun | 120 g of cabbage cake, 80 g of cottage cheese with carrots, 150 ml kefir, bread |
| 6. | 80 g Omelet with cottage cheese, 120 g nuclear cutlets with sour cream, 150 ml cocoa beverage, sandwich | 40 g of vegetable salad, 150 ml of milk soup with 60 g 100 g buckwheat porridge, 100 ml of fruit compote, bread | 50 g kefir jelly, 10 ml of apricot drink, 10 g of cookies | 150 g of cauliflower baked in sour cream, 30 g of herring under marinade, 150 ml kefir, bread |
| 7. | 30 g of beet salad with sour cream, 150 g of cottage cheese pudding with raisins and sour cream, 150 ml tea with milk, sandwich | 30 g 150 ml of green borschk, 60 g stuffed beef cake, 120 g of semolina on a vegetable brave, 100 ml of plum juice, bread | 150 ml kefir with crushed apples and rowan, oat cortis | 120 g rice cake with fish and 80 g stew in sour cream of carrots, 150 ml kefir, bread |
Rules for compiling
If you do not have to clearly follow the recommendations given in this menu for children, it is not scary. The main thing, to adhere to some rules, preparing its baby useful dishes:
- low-fat meat should be present in the diet daily, about 90 g, and offal - 1-2 times a week;
- sausages and sausages can be given special, children's, and only as rare exclusion;
- fish with a small amount of bones - 2-3 times a week to 70-100 g at a time;
- on the day, 600 ml of dairy products are recommended, at least 200 of which - kefir or dwelled milk;
- cottage cheese or casserole, pudding and cheesecakes - several times a week;
- egg - 3-4 times;
- per day 12 g of butter and 6 g of vegetable oil;
- not less than 250 g of vegetables and fruits per day;
- about 100 g bread per day.
These rules adhere to the cook in kindergartens, making up a 2.5 year menu.
How to process products
To organize a suitable child's nutrition (2 years), the menu must contain cooking dishes, stewed, baked, freshly prepared. You should not give the baby roasted, the same cutlets can be prepared for a couple. Let the baby eats vegetables and fruits both in cheese and in the treated form.
Than to adjust the diet
Some products appear in our diet periodically, seasonally. Therefore, in the spring and autumn you can support the forces of the body, taking multivitamin complexes, but only after consulting with the pediatrician. Preference is better to give those products, fruits, vegetables and greenery, which are grown in the region where you live.
How to organize children's nutrition
The menu in detail is already given, and it is desirable to maintain the specified kid's nutrition rhythm every day. If he does not go to kindergarten, but sits at home, make a certain schedule, a sequence of actions for the day. Let the child know that, for example, in the morning he wakes up, I will have a charging and will have breakfast. After the walk will wash his hands and will dine, and after lunch will receive long-awaited candy. It is not necessary to adhere to the chart of the hour, the main thing is the order of action. So, after an energetic walking along the street, the baby will wake up appetite, especially he knows - some delicious dishes are already waiting for him, and will be happy to eat everything offered.
Malnutrition and overeating
It is impossible forcibly to force the baby to eat everything that lies in his plate. If he does not want to eat right now, wait for the next meal, without offering it a snack. Then the next time the portion will be eaten. Do not throw the baby, it overloads its digestive system. Let him eat little, but then when he really wants. Parents should not upset that the child, in their opinion, is undernourished. He will receive all the necessary substances, simply hesitate a little later or even tomorrow. If he feels good, fun and enthusiastically plays and deals - this is a sign that he is quite full.
And gradually, from one and a half years to 3, the kids change, slowly approaching the familiar shared table. It is important to submit an example to a child in the food culture, behavior at the table, as well as, if possible, revise your own familiar diet in favor of more useful and healthy foods, balanced and the correct menu.
By age of two years, the child should cut through all 20 dairy teeth, which gives the child the possibility of full bite, chewing and crushing food. Chewing is important not only in order to directly bite and chew food. The chewing process starts the production of hydrochloric acid and pepsin in the stomach juice, wets the food lump of saliva, the launching process of partial cleavage of amylase of the saliva of carbohydrates. It makes it easier to digest food.
The most important task at this time is to train a child to chewing and consuming more dense food requiring careful chewing, i.e. Food with pieces, not rearranged and grinding:
- it is necessary to gradually replace semi-liquid and liquid dishes to more dense (for the exception of the first dishes, they must be in the diet of the child.
- gradually, porridges from the ruled croup are introduced into the food
- vegetable casseroles or cereals, cottage cheese
- pieces of meat and stewed vegetables.
If children at this age are not learned to use dense dishes that require active chewing, in the future they will refuse or reluctantly have the necessary fruits and vegetables that need to bite and chew, as well as meat, which also need to bite and carefully burn.
Characteristics of the diet of children from 1-3 years
| From 1 to 1.5 years | From 1.5 to 3 years | |
| How many times a day eating | 5 times | 4 times |
| The number of teeth in the kid | front cutters and chewing premolars, 8-12 pcs. Possibly chewing soft food, biting | 20 teeth, all groups of teeth - and for chewing food, and for her biting |
| The volume of the stomach and, accordingly, 1 meals | 250-300 ml | 300-350 ml |
| Daily food | 1200-1300 ml. | 1400-1500 ml. |
| Calories of food intakes |
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Food child in 2-3 years
After one and a half years, you can gradually go to four-time meals:
- Breakfast 8.00-9.00
- Lunch 12.30-13.30
- Afternooner 15.30-16.30
- Dinner 18.30-19.00
At the same time, the lunch must have at least a third of the total calorie diet, it is about 35%. The remaining caloric content is distributed between breakfast, afternooner and dinner. Energy daily value of products should reach 1400-1500 kcal. The child of this age should receive a day:
- Proteins - at least 60-70 g, and at the same time, up to 75% of them should be animal origin
- Fats - not less than 50-60 g, of which about 10 g of vegetable oils
- Carbohydrates - at least 220 g, of which most of them should be discharged with complex carbohydrates.
Extremely important in this age should be the observance of the correct nutritional mode, it will be very significant at any age, and especially in the formation of the "adult" food. If the correct power mode is strictly observed, the gaps between the main meals are maintained, children will gradually produce food conditional reflexes to this time.
It will ensure the correct and well-coordinated work of the entire digestive tract, starting with the oral cavity, and ending with the intestine, where the digestive juices will be separated at one time by the time of the food mass flow. The mode allows you to fully and correctly digest food and absorb all its components.
With irregular nutrition or indiscriminate meals, these reflexes are quickly fading, it leads to a decrease in the development of digestive juices, as a result, food will not be fully appropriate. Foodstands in the thick intestine will rot and wander, which will lead to constipation, stool disorders and a common violation. And the same will lead to the fact that children will constantly eat badly, speaking that they just do not want to eat.
Features of nutrition under the age of 3 years
In early childhood, the volume of the stomach is small, it is freed from food for about 3-4 hours, food rich in protein and fats can linger up to 4.5-5 hours. It is based on this data a four-member food for children is being built. At the same time, the intervals between feedings should be approximately 3.5-4 hours. From age after one and a half years with normal (and even more over-free), the child's weight is important to wean it from night meals. Only children will be excellent, still on breastfeeding and falling asleep with breasts.
Introduction at night any other food, except for breast milk, can lead to violations of night sleep processes, and will create difficulties in the form of constant running on the parents themselves with bottles and circles.
Regardless of how many times your child will eat, you need to be permanent. In the installed mode of power, deviations are allowed not more than 15-20 minutes. This is due to the peculiarities of the formation of conditional food reflexes with the separation of digestive juices.
In the intervals between the main meals, you should not pamper the child with calorie products and sweets. It is necessary to remove such dishes from snacks like breads and cookies, undiluted fruit juices and dairy products, candy and chocolate. This will lead to a decrease in appetite and can lead to the fact that during the next meal, the child simply does not want to eat cooked meat vegetable or cereal dishes necessary for its power.
What can be given to a child in 2-3 years
Just like in the previous period, after one and a half years, the child's nutrition must be diverse and full. Useful products must be included in it:
- milk and dairy products
- meat, Fish and Bird dishes
- cereal barns and porridge
- bakery products
- vegetables and fruits
- useful sweets and desserts.
Milk products
After one and a half years, children need to consume a sufficient amount of fermented milk products, and from two years it is possible to gradually introduce into the diet and solid cow's milk. Dairy products will be sources for a child:
- easily digestible animal squirrel
- calcium and phosphorus required for skeleton growth
- animal fat and fat-soluble vitamins, in particular vitamin D
- useful microbial flora, which stimulates the growth and development of its own, strengthens immunity and stimulates digestion.
The total daily amount of dairy products at this age should be at least 500-600 ml, taking into account the volume of milk for the preparation of dishes. In the diet of children every day there must be such products like kefir or yogurt, biolat. Several times a week are applicable such products as cottage cheese and products from it, cottage cheese, raw materials, unsostless grafts of cheese, cream, sour cream. They can be used both in solid form and are used to prepare and refuel first and second dishes.
At the age of three years, it is permissible:
- 50-100 g of cottage cheese from 5 to 11%
- 5-10 g Phyough cream 10-20%
- 5-10 g sour creams 10-20%
- yogurts, kefir or biolact fatness from 2.5 to 4%
- after two years, milk fatness from 2.5 to 3.2%
Dairy products can be used to prepare or refuel cheesery, dumplings, casserole or desserts.
Meat products and bird
In the diet of children under three years, the amount of meat is gradually increasing, it reaches 110 g, and it reaches 120 years old for children's nutrition at this age.
- non-fat beef
- veal
- rabbit meat
- non-fat pork
- lamb
- horsemeat.
- liver
- a heart.
Meat dishes are prepared in the form of a stew with pieces of meat, steam or wind kitlet, minced meat, stew with small pieces. Up to three years should be abandoned from sausages and various kinds of meat delicacies. All of them are saturated with salt and spices, dyes and other food chemistry, which is absolutely not useful to the child. If it is impossible to limit children from the meat semi-finished products of industrial production, once every two weeks you can allow the child baby dairy sausages, but products must be high quality.
We will be useful than bird dishes - chicken, quail, turkey. But duck and goose meat is not given at that age, it is poorly absorbed and very fat for children.
Unfortunately, today on the counters of supermarkets, the quality of dairy products, pork, chickens do not always correspond to the standards permissible for children. In Russia, there is no hard control and restrictions on the use of antibiotics and hormones of growth in the cultivation of birds and meat, as in some developed countries, therefore, the checks of the Rosselkhoznadzor regularly detect certain violations of the production of meat and poultry (see), which does not add health to our children.
Eggs
Chicken eggs will be one of the main sources of protein for the child, they must be present in the nutrition of children often - daily or every other day. Eggs are given to children drilled by screwing, in dishes or in the form of omelets. It is forbidden to use eggs into a bag or schochka due to the danger of salmonellosis. With intolerance of chicken eggs, quail eggs can be used, but the eggs of waterfowl (ducks, geese) in the nutrition of children under three years are prohibited.
Fish and fish dishes
- In the absence of allergies and other contraindications, in the menu of children once or twice a week it is worth using fish of river and sea grades.
- At the same time, fish dishes should be from low-fat varieties, excluded from food salmon, sturgeon, halibut or salmon.
- The number of fish per day reaches 40-50 g.
- You can offer children boiled or stewed fish without bones, bokings or fish cutlets, children's specialized canned food.
- But canned fish for adults, as well as smoked, salted and dried fish for children is prohibited.
- Also do not give children and caviar fish, it refers to strong allergens.
Vegetables
Fresh or thermally processed fruits in its composition contain a large amount of fiber and ballast substances passing by transit and non-digesory intestines. In this case, these substances stimulate the intestinal peristaltics, thus opposing constipation. But this is not the only plus of vegetables, berries and fruits. At the expense of their composition help in stimulating appetite, as they contribute to the separation of digestive enzymes. And also in fruits and vegetables, many vitamins and mineral components that replenish constantly consistent reserves.
However, it should not be severely left into potato use, as one of the leading vegetables in the diet, its number is limited to the day 100-120 g, the remaining volume should be obtained at the expense of other vegetables. On average, the diet should be at least 200-250 g of vegetables in fresh or cooked. Vegetables are used to prepare first and second dishes, salads and even desserts and baking. Especially useful in nutrition of children up to three years will be such vegetables as:
- carrots, Luc
- tomatoes, cucumbers
- zucchini and patissons
- pumpkin, beet
- color, White, Broccoli Cabbage
In the food of children after one and a half years, it is necessary to include garden greenery in the fresh form - in salads, first and second dishes.
- you can also give a child in small quantities Green onions and garlic for giving dishes more piquant taste
- expansion of the diet occurs due to the gradual introduction into the diet after two years of turnips, radish, radish, legumes (peas, beans).
The right preliminary and thermal treatment of vegetables is important so that the maximum of vitamins and mineral components is maintained. When cleaning vegetables, it is necessary to cut a thin layer of the peel, as in the area of \u200b\u200bthe peel the largest stocks of vitamins. In salads or winegirls, vegetables are recommended to boil in the peel, bothering them into a pair or in a small amount of water. Peeled vegetables can not be kept long in water so that vitamins and minerals do not wash out. Vegetable decoction during cooking peeled and washed vegetables worth using when cooking. Cooking vegetables need a certain time:
- spinach and sorrel no more than 10 minutes
- beets - up to 90 minutes (in a multicooker 20 min.)
- potatoes - up to 25 minutes
- carrot - up to 30 minutes
- cabbage - up to 30 minutes
For salads and winerets, raw vegetables are cleaned and cut or rub on the grater immediately before taking food, since the effect of air oxygen destroys in purified and finely chopped vitamin products, vitamin C and group V. Especially suffering
Fruits and berries
Fruits must necessarily enter the diet of children up to three years, the number of fruits per day should not be less than 200 g, and the berries about 20 g. Especially useful for children can become apples, plums, pears, cherry, bananas, oranges. Considering the fact that citrus and exotic fruits can give allergic skin reactions, you need to enter them into the diet of the baby slowly and only with small pieces, tracking the reaction.
No less useful in the diet of children and berries for the season - children can be given cranberry, lingonberry, gooseberry, and black rowan, currants, strawberries, strawberries. You should not give a lot of berries, initially you can restrict ourselves to one handy, as an excess of berries can also harm. Any new fruits and vegetables need to be introduced gradually, and track the reactions from the skin and digestion on them.
Due to the fruit and berries, you can also affect the digestion and adjust the chair.
- Blueberries, pears, black rowan, black currant can fasten the chair, with constipation of these fruits it is not worth a lot.
- The relaxing effect has kiwi, plum, apricot or simply an excess of fresh berries or fruits eaten an empty stomach.
Craises, pasta
In the nutrition of children it is worth using all sorts of cereals, especially useful for children after one and a half years there will be buckwheat and oatmeal, they are more than any other rich in full-fledged vegetable protein, minerals and vitamins. No less useful in the diet will be such cereals and porridges of them as a barley, millet or barley croup.
At this age, it is quite possible to use noodle as garnish, vermicelli in the form of garnings or dairy soups, but they should be used no more than two times a day - they are rich in carbohydrates and calories. Average, children under three years old need no more than 20 g of cereals and no more than 50 g of macaroni.
Sweet
The diet of children can also include sugar, due to it the taste of cooked dishes is improving, but with its excessive load on the pancreas and excess weight, the appetite decreases, the metabolism is reduced (see about the dangers of refined sugar in the article). At the age of three years, no more than 40 g of sugar per day is permissible, and glucose in juices, sweet or beverages will be included.
Glucose is useful for the brain, but food with carbohydrates complex (cereals, potatoes, pasta, bread) in the recommended quantities do not give all the volume of glucose. The volume of nutrition due to the features of the child's digestion will not be increased, so children at this age need to replenish glucose reserves for the brain due to light carbohydrates - sweets. They give a rapid increase in blood glucose level, and it is quickly delivered to the brain, liver and kidney.
But sweets need to be moderately, excess them does not have time to spend and gives extra weight. Useful sweets include marmalade, pasteil, jumped, fruit caramels and marshmallows. Chocolate, candy with chocolate and cocoa are not recommended for children at the expense of their exciting effect on the nerve system and high allergenicity.
Approximate menu for children from one and a half to three years
Child menu 2 years for one day
- Breakfast: oatmeal with banana, butter bun, Half of boiled egg, compote from dried fruit
- Lunch: Vinaigrette, Fresh Cabbage Soup, Meat Covers with Macaronami, Half Banana, Mint Tea
- Sferdnik: Casseled casserole, bun, boiled milk, pear.
- Dinner: Vegetable stew with cabbage and potatoes, bread, kissel with raspberry, apple.
- For the night - yogurt.
