Rebus history. Competition "Historical rebuses" Task: solve rebus and explain download rebuses on history

Mystery of Rebus.

Rebus (from Latin"Rebus" - "With the help of things"), representation of the word or syllable using an image of an object, whose name is consistently represented by the word or syllable. Simply put, it is a riddle in which the unnecessary words or expressions in the form of drawings in combination with letters and some other signs.

Several rebs can be combined in one drawing or in the form of a sequence of drawings in order to make a phrase or offer. In literary rebuses, letters, numbers, musical notes or specially arranged words are used to draw up proposals. Composite rebuses include drawings and letters. Rebuses can transmit direct meaning of words, mainly to inform or instruct illiterate people, or intentionally hide their meaning to inform only dedicated, or in case of use as a riddle and entertainment.

The early form of the rebus is found in a pattern letter, in which abstract words, difficult for the image, were represented by images of objects whose names were pronounced in the same way. Such rebuses are similar to Egypt's hieroglyphs and early China pictographic pictographics. Images of rebs were used to convey the names of cities in Greek and Roman coins, or to designate generic surnames in the medieval age.

History of the emergence of rebus :

The first rebuses appeared in France in XV century. Then it was a boalan presentation on the evil of the day. In an allegorical form, the comedians ridiculed the vices and weaknesses of the strengths of this world, they told "about the affairs that we work." Over time, the nature of the rebus has changed. The rebus began to call the pun-built on the game of words.

Approximately the first drawn rebuses appeared. Initially, they literally illustrated well-known phraseological turnover, later appeared more complex options.

IN XVIa century hand drawn rebuses become known in England, Germany, Italy, but not in any of these countries have not received widespread development.

Professional artists took part in their design. The first printed collection of rebs composed Etienne Taburoappeared in France in 1582.

In Russia, rebuses appeared later - in the middle XIX. century, the first rebuses appeared on the pages of the magazine "Illustration" in 1845. Restored rebuses drawn by the artist Volkov In the journal "Niva". In the future, a special magazine "Rebus" began to leave.

About the benefits of solving rebuff :

"We know a lot of serious people," wrote in one of the magazines, who are happy to dedicate the hours of leisure to the breakdown of rebs and especially recommended this lesson as a distinguishing gymnastics for the mind ... ". And also honors the intelligence, produces the ability to bring the work started to the end, contributes to the intensification of people's communication.

Radies and rebuses for children have many positive:

1. Contribute to the development of thinking.
2. Training sprawl, logic, intuition, smelting.
3. Help the child to expand the horizons, remember new words, items.
4. We train the visual memory, the spelling, unlike the usual riddle, where only a verbal description is used in verses or prose, rebuses combine several techniques of perception, both verbal and visual.

Types of Rebus .

• Ribes-riddles Present a double task: solving the rebus, you will read the riddle, but you need to solve the riddle.
• Rabuses "Leugs and Delections" They differ from the usual in that the meaning of the image following the minus sign is not added to the already obtained combination of words, and takes away from it.
• Rabys-jokes - This is a comic mystery in verse.
• Rebuses-proverbs represent an encrypted proverb that you need to solve and explain its meaning.
• Sound Rus - It is a riddles exercise that allows you to work out the skill of the confluence of syllables.
• Rebus-story Consists of a large rebus, which you need to solve and make a story.
• Rebus task - It is a rebus that you need to solve and solve the task. It consists of several plasters.
• Numeric rebuses - These are rebuses that improve the ability to understand and comprehend the positional principle when recording numbers in the decimal system.

Rules rules rules :

• the word or offer is divided into such parts that can be portrayed in the form of a picture.
• the names of all the objects depicted in the drawing need to be read only in the nominative case;
• if the subject in the figure is turned over, its name is read on the right left;
• if the left of the drawing is a comma (one or more), then the first letters of the word are not read. If the commas stand after the drawing, to the right of it, the last letters are not read;
• if the picture is shown above the drawing, it must be excluded from the name of the subject;
• if the drawing is the numbers, the letters should be read in the specified order;
• if another is written next to the tuned letter, it should be read instead of being worn. Sometimes in this case there is a sign of equality between the letters;
• if part of the word is pronounced as a numeral, in the rebus it is depicted by numbers and numbers (O5 - again; 100g - stack);
• if the drawing has no additional signs, only the first letter of the name of the image depicted is considered;
• many parts of encrypted words are denoted by the corresponding location of letters and drawings. Words in which there is a combination of letters on, under, over, for, can be depicted by placing letters or items one over the other or by one. Letters C and C can become pretexts. If the letter is made up of other letters, when reading uses the preposition from.

Rules of compilation of rebus :

1. Names of all items depicted in the rest, readonly in the nominative case and the only number. Sometimes the desired object in the picture is indicated by the arrow.

2. Very often, the subject depicted in the rest may not have one, but two or more names, such as "Eye" and "Oko", "Noga" and "Lapa", etc. Or it can have one general and one specific name, for example, "tree" and "oak", "note" and "re" and the like. You need to select suitable in meaning.

The ability to determine and correctly name the object depicted in the drawing represents one of the main difficulties when deciphering the plas. In addition to knowledge of the rules, you will need an email and logic.

3. Sometimes the name of any object cannot be used entirely - it is necessary throw away at the beginning or in the end of the word one or two letters. In these cases, a conditional sign is consumed - comma. If the comma stands to the left of the picture, then this means that from his name you need to discard the first letter, if on the right of the figure - then the last one. If there are two commas, then two letters are discarded accordingly, etc. for example, the clamp is drawn, it is necessary to read only "outer", the "sail" is drawn, only "couples" should be read.

4. If two of any subject or two letters are drawn one to another, then their names are read with adding the pretext of "B". for example: "Oh-yes", or "not-in, or" in-o-seven ":

In this and the following five examples, it is possible to various readings, for example, instead"Eight" can be read "seven", and instead of "water" - "Davo" . But there are no such words! Here you have to come to the rescue moiser and logic.

5. If any letter consists of another letter, then read with add "from". for example: "From both" or "VN-from-y" or "F-from-IR":

6. If there is another letter or item for any letter or item, then you need to read adding "for".
For example: "Ka-Oh-ny", "in-à-c".

7. If one figure or letter is drawn to another, then you need to read adding "on", "over" or "under" - Choose a pretext in meaning. for example: "FO-Na-Ri" or "under-y-climb":

Phrase: "Found Tit with a horseshoe and presented it with Nastya" - you can portray this:

8. If another letter is written for any letter, then read with add "by". for example: "PR-T", "L-E", "PO-C":

9. If one letter lies with the other, leaning to it, then read with support "U". for example: "L-U-K", "D-U-B":

10. If an image of an object drawn in an inverted form is found in the rebel, then it is necessary read from the end. for example, Drawn "Cat", you need to read the "current", drawn "nose", you need to read "Sleep".

11. If the subject is drawn, and it is written around him, and then crossed out the letter, it means that the letter it is necessary throw out. If one over the crossed letter is another, then it means that it is necessary replace crossed out. Sometimes in this case there is a sign of equality between the letters. for example: "Eye" We read "Gas", "Bone" read "Guest":

12. If the figure is the figures, for example, 4, 2, 3, 1, then it means that first read The fourth letter of the name of the object shown in the figure, then - the second, for it is the third, etc., that is, the letters are read in the order indicated by numbers. for example, Drawn "Mushroom", read "Brig":

13. If there are two digits with arrows sent to different directions near the figure, it means that you need specified letters change in places. for example, "Castle" \u003d "smear".

14. The use of the arrow coming from one letter to another also to indicate the corresponding letters. Also the arrow can decipher as preposition "K". for example, "The letters of the AP goes fir" \u003d "drops"

15. When drawing up the rebus, the Roman numbers can be used. for example, "Forty a" read "Forty".

16. If any figure in the rebus is drawn by a running, sitting, lying, etc., then to the name of this figure it is necessary to add the appropriate verb in the third person of the present time (running, sits, lies, etc.), eg "U-run."

17. Very often in the rebuses, separate syllables "to", "re", "Mi", "Fa" depict the corresponding notes. for example, Words recorded by notes read: "Pre-la", "Fa-salt":

Since not everyone knows the notes and position on a new mill, bring their names.

Other signs are possible in the rebuses: the names of the chemical elements, all kinds of scientific terms, special characters: "@" - a doggy, "#" - Diez, "%" - the percentage, "&" - ampersand, "()" - brackets, " ~ "- Tilda,« :) » - Smiley, "§" - paragraph and others.

In complex rebuses, the listed techniques are most often combined.

"The Red Maiden is sitting in the dungeon, and a spit on the street"

Rebuses - This is a means of increasing information culture. With independent compilation of rebs, the skills of finding information, creativity, intellectual abilities are developing.

Rebuses on the history of the Fatherland (Collection)

Introduction

Rebus (from lat. Rebus - "With the help of things"), the representation of the word or syllable by means of an image of the subject whose name is consistently present to the word or syllable. Several rebs can be combined in one drawing or in the form of a sequence of drawings in order to make a phrase or offer. In literary rebuses, letters, numbers, musical notes or specially arranged words are used to draw up proposals. Composite rebuses include drawings and letters. Rebuses can transfer direct meaning of words, mainly to inform or instruct illiterate people, or deliberately hide their importance to inform only dedicated, or in case of use as a riddle and entertainment.

In Europe, literary rebuses could often be seen on generic devises, personal seals, monograms, exlebris and finally as entertainment or riddles. In England, the famous rebus is the debt "IOU". Riddles in the form of pictures were widely used in advertising campaigns.

Historical Motheral requires deep understanding, which is complextask for students special (correctional) school,since their thinking "is distinguished by inertia; they are bad ponythe training material reported to them. Given this featurethe thinking of mentally retarded children, the teacher mustcarefully select facts and phenomena reportedand well think out the form of their presentation; Only predelno clear, clear, simple story can be availablepupils.

Studying special (correctional) school badlycarry out the "transfer" of the learned knowledge to similarfacts and phenomena. The teacher must take this feature, and helpstudents, establish the necessary connections and relationships betweenhistorical events.In order to develop thinking, it is advisable to returnto the same fact, the historical term is several times.

In this collection, "rebuses on the history of the Fatherland" proposed rebuses that may be interesting to teachers, educators of correctional schools, as well as teachers from educational schools.

Conclusion

In this collection, "Rebuses on the history of the Fatherland, Grade 8" proposed rebuses that can be used in the lessons of history, as a meeting with new terms, as well as to consolidate them. Learning special (correctional) schools are poorly carried out by "transfer" of learned knowledge to similar facts and phenomena. The teacher should take into account this feature, and help students, establish the necessary connections and relationships between historical events. In order to develop thinking, it is advisable to return to the same fact, the historical term several times. Therefore, the use of rusters in lessons contribute to the development and correction of thinking, memorizing historical dates, names.

Within the framework of the educational and methodological set "The History of the Fatherland, Grade 8 for schools VIII of the form" This collection of tests is an integral part of the kit. All tests are presented in the electronic version on the disk. Students can independently use them to verify and consolidate knowledge, as well as a teacher at any stage of the lesson.

Bibliography

1. Petrova, L. V. Methods of teaching history in a special (correctional) school VIII type [Text] / L. V. Petrov. - M.: Vlados, 2003. - 208 p.

2. Puzanov, B. P. History of Russia: studies. For 8 cl. Special (correctional) educational institutions VIII type [Text] / B. P. Puzanov. - M.: Vlados, 2004. - 312 p.

3. Smirnova, A. N. Correctional and educational work of the Auxiliary School Teacher: a manual for teachers and educators [Text] / A. N. Smirnova. - M.: Enlightenment, 1992. - 104 p.

Methods of learning the history of children of younger school age involves the use of a wide variety of methodological techniques and forms of training activities. For rare exceptions, all children of this age are striving for knowledge gaining knowledge, it is the actions that the teacher requires them, and imitate the examples that he submits. This is because his authority for them is high enough and interest in learning is not lost yet. One of the most beloved and effective forms of training sessions is a lesson-game, Nina Panferova, Associate Professor, Department of Pedagogy Tula State University. The didactic game can be both an organizational form of lesson and a short-term episode (2-10 minutes). The educational game provides for the organization of the teacher of fascinating activities of children, the creation of entertaining, complex situations, which students must either independently or with the help of a teacher. Several tasks for playing such games and are offered below.

Crossword - a puzzle task - filling with the letters of smoking rows of cells so that the horizontals and verticals are given to the specified words.

Questions

Horizontally: 1. Residence for man. 2. A place in Russia, where there is a unique building from the tree, erected without a single nail. 5. The main church in the city. 6. The old name of the housing of a rich man in Russia.

Vertically: 1. Great architectural construction. 3. Peasant dwelling in Russia. 4. The construction of architecture designed to perform religious rites.

Answers

Horizontally: 1. House. 2. Kizhi. 5. Cathedral. 6. Chambers.

Vertically: 1. Palace. 3. Izba. 4. Temple.

Charade - a riddle game in which the word word is divided into several parts with an independent meaning and then describes the meaning of each of these words.

In this word
Clearly heard
Five shorts
Russian words:
Connecting Union
AND measuring account of centuries.

In him airplane Smooth Gul,
And under the wing - land,
With which together merge
Soyucedurable " i".

Answer. I-STO-R-I-I (HISTORY).

Crossdate - Puzzle Problem - Filling in numbers of crossed rows of cells so that the specified dates are obtained horizontally and vertically.

Questions

Horizontally: 4. Battle on the Ice. 6. The construction of the first fortress walls around Moscow. 7. The beginning of the Civil War in Soviet Russia. 8. The first chronicle mention of Moscow. 9. The beginning of the construction of St. Petersburg. 10. The estimated year began the campaign of Ermak's squad to Siberia.

Vertically: 1. The invasion of Mongol-Tatars on Russia. 2. Goods in Russia Romanov Dynasty. 3. Patriotic war against Napoleon's army. 5. A trip to Moscow of the militia under the leadership of minin and a fire.

Answers

Horizontal: 4. 1242. 6. 1156. 7. 1918. 8. 1147. 9. 1703. 10. 1582.
Vertically: 1. 1237. 2. 1613. 3. 1812. 5. 1612.

Riddles - an image or expression that needs interpretation.

Unnecessary
Unexplored
How much Likha
The people are tested!

How much sneake
In someone else's land,
How much is secheny,
How much is trying.

Do not calculate
Trouble-consequences
From Mongolian
From ...

Enemy cruel and lyut
The land ruined
Svetlotoku Rus
Hundreds of years Polonil!

To solve this riddle, you need to answer a few questions.

• What the word is missed in the poem-riddle?
• What terrible trouble suffered Russian land and her people?
• What year and in which age did it happen?
• How many years and centuries continued unhappiness?
• What events put an end to the dependence of Russia from Mongol-Tatars?

Answer. Invasion.

Note. The invasion of Mongol-Tatars on Russia began in 1237 (XIII B). The invasion lasted 243 - about two and a century. Ended in 1480 standing in the thief.

Expelled from the country
Sugostites-French
Our glorious hero
Commander ...

Answer. Kutuzov.

Humiliated,
Without will, without land,
Like a pitiful slave
Always deprived of peace
Peasant Russian
Many hundreds of years
You tomil ... ...

Answer. Serfdom.

The chainvord is a puzzle task - filling of sequentially located cells so that the rejuvenated words amounted to a series in which the last letter of the previous word is the first letter of the subsequent.

Questions

1. People's Assembly in Ancient Russia. 2. The main book of Christians who served good. 3. Cossack, thanks to the activities of which Eastern Siberia entered Russia. 4. Stall city of ancient Russia. 5. The Russian city, the second underwent Mongol Tatars. 6. The first Russian city, ruined by Mongol Tatars during the invasion. 7. The largest Russian city in the north of Russia. 8. The river in which the first baptism rite was performed. 9. The main routes of communication in ancient Russia. 10. The name of the first in Russia king. 11. Population of Russia, ordinary people. 12. Supernatural creatures in which Slavs believed. 13. The lake, not far from which was located the richest city of Russia.

Answers

1. Vese. 2. Gospel. 3. Ermak. 4. Kiev. 5. Vladimir. 6. Ryazan. 7. Novgorod. 8. Dnieper. 9. Rivers. 10. Ivan. 11. People. 12. Perfume. 13. Ilmen.

Panferova Nina Nikolaevna. Any reprint only with the permission of the author.

Intelligent game on the history of the ancient world in the 5th grade of its own game in the rebusas on the topic: "Culture of ancient Greece."

Simakina Olga Ivanovna, teacher of history and social studies, GKOU Special correctional secondary school - boarding school №62 3-4 of the species, Republic of Buryatia, Ulan - Ude.
Short description: Its game on the history of the ancient world is in the form of the game and is devoted to the culture of ancient Greece, which is studied in grade 5. The game is drawn up on the basis of the textbook on the history of the ancient world Grade 5 (authors Vigasin A.A., Goder G.I., Svencitskaya I.S.,) and additional literature. The game is one of the main types of children. At any age, it is a necessary condition for the comprehensive development of the child and one of the main means of its upbringing and training. Intelligent games are an important and necessary element in the development of the student, the holding of the game using ICT helps to increase cognitive activity and learning motivation, the material can be interesting to teachers of history to check the homework, organization of repeating - generalizing lessons on this topic before conducting tests, also It can be used to conduct extracurricular activities.
Purpose: Instill interest in history.
Tasks:
- deepen knowledge of the culture of an ancient Greek society;
- continue to form cognitive interest in the history of ancient Greece;
- develop the ability to solve rebuses;
- expand the horizon of students;
- to educate respect for the values \u200b\u200bof world culture;
- to educate a sense of responsibility, the ability to work in a team.
Age category of participants:graduate students.
Location: learning audience.
Form of holding: Playing with rabids.
Preliminary preparation:
- students form teams, choose captains, choose the name of their teams;
- selection of material for the game;
- selection of poems, music;
- Drawing up rebs, presentations.
Equipment:
Computer, multimedia projector (when using presentation), signal cards.
Handout:
Rebuses for each child.
Blanks of answers.
Resources: Computer presentation.

Event flow:
Leading:Good afternoon, guys and respected guests! Today we hold "our game." In Russian, the name of the game is translated as "Rise!". "There are no such provisions and there are no such minor cases in which wisdom could not be manifested." Said L.N. Tolstoy. Game - knowledge contest, intelligence, collectivism.
2 teams will participate in our game. 1 Team "Prometheus" and 2 "Sparta" team ask them to take their places behind the game tables.
Music sounds: Sirtaki.
The jury is presented.
Rules of the game.
The game consists of 5 rounds. 1. Round - "School in ancient Greece", 2. Round - "Great People", 3. Round - "Art", 4. Round - "Gods of Ancient Greece", 5. Round - "Winged Words". Each of the topics given 5 questions of varying degrees of value - 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 points. Teams answer questions in writing.
The team, which is correct and faster than the rest answered the question, gets the right to choose the topic and number of the question first.
Time for discussion is 1 minute. After 1 minute, the command signal records its version in the answer blank and give the jury, while if the command is not sure, the answer can not be given at all.
In the case of the correct response, the command receives the amount of points, equal to the cost of the question. In the event of an incorrect response, the team loses the number of points equal to the cost of the question.
The game ends only when all the questions are played. Questions that remained without the right answer, come back at the end of the game. In our game, there is a tip in the form of a rebus. Gaying it, you will find the right answer.

Leading:
I will read you the poem of Sergey Yesenin, and you have to determine which state he dedicated him.
Mighty Achilles robbed the hardness of Troy.
Brilliant Patrole Military Died.
And the Hector swords wiped the grass
And raped on the enemy flowering Leftoi.

Over the mood, we have been slammed with soybean crying,
And the lunar sickle network tunic breaks through.
Tired Achilles fell to the ground,
He carried killed in the birthplace ...
Responses of children.

Leading: True, Sergey Yesenin dedicated to Greece. Our game will be devoted to the culture of ancient Greece. After all, the culture of ancient Greece made a significant contribution to the development of the whole world culture.

1.Round. "School in ancient Greece."

10 points. He was strong - it was necessary.
Not more forces
Should drive a boy.
To school. Yes to teach
His whole manneram,
So that could be for all examples.

Answer: Teacher.

20 points. This is a wand for a letter, which one end was sharp, they wrote them on the wax booster, the other - stupid, they were styled written.

Answer: Style.

30 points. Private gymnastic school in ancient Greece, where boys were engaged from 12 to 16 years.

Answer: Palaestra.

40 points. Intellectual life centers - where there were places for sports, recreation, libraries.

Answer:Gymnasium.

50 points. As young Athenians called, which reached 18 years old, ended the teachings in schools and gymnasiums and went to military service.

Answer: Efeb.

2.Round. "Great people".

10 points. Father of medicine. He was the first to consider the disease not as a kara of the gods, but as a natural phenomenon. Nowadays, all doctors give an "oath ..."

Answer: Hippocrates.

20 points. Ancient Greek historian, "Father of History", according to the expression of Cicero; All antique culture experienced the influence of his works.

Answer:Herodotus.

30 points. Father of philosophy wake thoughts about the truth, good and evil.

Answer:Socrates.

40 points. Great mathematician, physicist, mechanic and an ancient Greece engineer. It is known that he was born in Syracuses, in the III century BC.

Answer: Archimedes.

50 points. Geography Father, from 235 BC - Head of the Alexandria Library. The first in the world calculated the length of the circumference of the globe.

Answer: Eratosthene.

3.Round. "Art".

10 points. What was called "Upper City". In it in ancient Greece were shrines, treasury and those who ruled the state.

Answer: Acropolis.

20 points. Special structure adapted for dramatic and other ideas.

Answer: Theatre.

30 points. Monument of ancient architecture, ancient Greek temple located on Athenian Acropolis, the main temple in ancient Athens.

Answer: Parthenon.

40 points. Ancient Greek sculptor and architect, one of the greatest artists of a high classic period, who lived in the V century. AD

Answer: Fidium.

50 points. Sculpture Fidia Patronery Athens and all the attics.

Answer: The goddess of Athena.

4.Round. "Gods of ancient Greece."

10 points. He is a tag shooter and playing on Lira.
Nine music is accompanied by him.
In brilliance and light is it -
Brother Artemis, God ...

Answer:Apollo.

20 points. Belo Lika and Software,
She was born out of foam.
Full of love and not angry
Goddess this ...

Answer: Aphrodite.

30 points. He saves off the way
Or put on the path,
From the fatigue, the eyes will come to somnous.
News like zipper
Deliver everyone from heaven,
And his name is ...

Do you like to guess riddles? Then guess what matters about.

A joke riddle, in which the word or phrase is depicted in the form of drawings in combination with letters, numbers and other signs. Guess?

That's right, it is a rebus. In our understanding of the rebus is a kind of riddle, where the word or even the phrase is presented in the form of pictures, symbols. It is believed that the word "Rus" itself was born from the Latin phrase "not in words, but with the help of things."

We meet in our lives with rebuses often. Do you know the story of the appearance of rests?

The story of the rebus began for a very long time. In the XV century in France, the plagated performances called the pobus. Later, in the XVI century, such fun were forbidden and the rushes began to call the pun-built on the game of words. Often it was a mystery consisting of images of different items, numbers or letters. And in this form, the rebus reached us.

In 1783, an English artist and Engraver Thomas Bjuche in the London Typography Typokson prints an unusual Bible for children. He retells the events of the Holy Scriptures in the form of Rebus. Such a Bible began to be called "hieroglyphic". In the text, some words are replaced with pictures. A few years later, in 1788, the American publisher Isaiah Thomas publishes the hieroglyphic Bible overseas. Such unusual hieroglyphic bibles became very popular at the end of the XVIII century, since they allowed to teach the Holy Scripture to children easier and more interesting.

The well-known author of the "Alice in Wonderland" and "Alice in the Lewis Calm" Lewis Carroll often used rebuses in his correspondence with young readers. In his letters, he often replaced some words of the pictures or depicted letters in the mirror image. To read such mysterious letters, there was a moderation that, of course, really liked the children.

In the second half of the XIX century, rebuses began to be widely applied in society.

Interestingly, even during the war, the rebuses were in honor. During the Great Patriotic War, in 1942, the Moscow Printing Factory of Moskvoretsky Prommatorga produces a collection of Rebusov A.A. Ryazanov "in the hours of leisure: rebuses" (illustration I. Tjalenov). They were intended for an adult population. In 1945, after the end of the war, a small brochure of the Illustrator artist and illusionist George Kelsievich Bedaleva "Rebusi" is published.

In the post-war, the rebuses began to focus on the children's audience. Currently, rebuses are also intended for adults and children. It is difficult to find a children's magazine or a developing allowance in which there are no rebs. Often, children ask similar tasks at school and even give the task to come up with rebuses.

No matter who the rebuses are intended, the rules of guessing them are the same. In order to correctly guess the rebus, of course, you need to know these rules.

Try to solve several plas, but.