Aerated concrete at home. Aerated concrete blocks with their own hands: step by step. Prices for various types of building blocks

Aerated concrete is one of the varieties of cellular porous concrete. This is a porous stone created artificially.

Table of characteristics of wall materials.

Thanks to the porous structure, the aerated concrete is very good and thermal insulation, and energy-saving properties, and its low weight distinguishes it from other materials used in construction, such as concrete, brick and slag blocks.

One fuel-concrete block weighs about 30 kg. It can replace about 30 bricks, so the wall laying will be carried out much faster. Thanks to this weight in construction, blocks can be applied without using special lifting equipment.

You can easily get around the problems that are related to the choice of material during the construction of the house when you decide to build a house of aerated concrete blocks.

Such a question as the possibility of self-making aerated concrete, concerns many owners of their own country sites. The use of cellular concrete allows you to safely save on the building material, and in the manufacture of properly concrete blocks, the cost price is even more decreasing. The laying of such blocks will be reliable.

The blocks of aerated concrete are manufactured using high quality materials, industrial equipment for their manufacture is expensive. In some developers, areas are located on a solid distance from densely populated areas, so it should be revealed that delivery to the place of building materials will cost a rather big amount. Raw materials from which can be made of aerated concrete, it is quite affordable. To do this, you will need:

• sand (it can be replaced with ashes or slag);
• cement;
• negative lime - in small quantities;
• powder aluminum.

Features of the material

The scheme of construction of a house of aerated concrete blocks.

In order to obtain high quality material at home, one should achieve a uniform distribution of pores throughout the material. Applying the appropriate equipment, you can easily resolve this problem.

For the manufacture of aerated concrete, autoclave and non-autoclave methods are used. With independent manufacture, the second option is used - there will be no special equipment, and it is much easier for execution. The autoclave method of manufacture is capable of improving the properties of the material. The formed blocks are placed in autoclave chambers, where for 12 hours they are processed under an increased pressure by water vapors at a temperature of 190 degrees.

The aerated concrete processed is stronger, the masonry made of it gives a smaller shrinkage. The structure of the gasoblock is more homogeneous, it can be used in various fields of construction as a main construction, heat insulating and soundproofing material.

Previously, the cellular concrete could only have specialized major enterprises that had special equipment. But the emergence of new technological processes has significantly simplified production. Now, with careful compliance with manufacturing technology, it is possible at home and at home to get a sufficiently good material for construction, but it turns out not so durable.

Characteristics of the concrete of the cellular obtained by the autoclave way

Applying the puff-forming components, you can get a wonderful building material with such properties:

The diagram of the house of aerated concrete.

• a small density that can be compared with the density of dry pine (500 kg / m³). It is 5 times less than that of a simple concrete or three times less than that of the brick;
• the strength of the gasoblock in compression is quite sufficient to use aerated concrete as a material for the construction of bearing walls of two and three-storey buildings. During the first day, the increase in strength is 50%;
• sorption humidity - up to 5%;
• water absorption approximately at the level of simple brick, that is, less than 20%;
• frost resistance - more than 75 cycles. It is twice as much as the brick;
• the laying of cellular concrete has a thermal conductivity by half a smaller than dry pine, 8 times lower than that of a brick, and 15 times less than that of simple concrete;
• the wall masonry is obtained by 30 cm thick - while sound insulation corresponds to 60 dB.;
• the aerated concrete can easily process with conventional tools, it is convenient to cut it, you can even score nails into it;
• fire resistance is much larger than the gas silicate, brick and concrete;
• building material is obtained safe environmentally;
• simple gasoblock manufacturing technology;
• may monolithic casting;
• good performance at low cost;
• the resulting material is quite worthy quality.

Technology manufacturing aerated concrete at home

1. All components of raw materials are mixed in certain proportions.
2. The mixture is thoroughly mixed in water.
3. Prepared forms are filled with the resulting solution.
4. The material is adjusted under forms, after which it is withstanding, in order to dial the necessary strength.

For home production blocks of aerated concrete need such equipment:

• mixer in order to mix all the components and gas formation to mix well;
• forms for the manufacture of blocks are designed to give the material the correct geometric dimensions;
• metal strings, with their help you can cut the excess mixture with the top of the shapes.

To date, it is possible to purchase a special installation - a mixer whose task is an independent manufacture of aerated concrete. Here the components will automatically dose and mix. Applying such equipment can be significantly alleviated and simplified the process of manufacturing gas-block products. Since the aerated concrete mixers are very mobile, the whole process can be carried out directly at the construction site. In this case, transportation costs can be significantly reduced or even completely excluded.

The first stage of the process is that all components must be thoroughly mixed, it is necessary that the aluminum powder aluminum powder can be distributed evenly. Then the dry mixture is laid in a concrete mixer, in a rotating drum, where water is poured in advance. The equipment will help to achieve all the components to be connected in the best possible way.

To organize the production of the gasoblock at home, you will need forms. They can be made of metal sheets. The best option is the form of collapsible type, with which you can quickly and easily produce the process of extrusion of finished blocks. Of course, the material will be made in small volumes, but quite sufficient for private building.

The fill of the finished mixture in the forms is made so that the form is filled only by half. The process of the chemical reaction of water and aluminum powder provides gas selection. Bubbles will appear inside the solution, after which the mass will expand almost twice.

It is possible to proceed to the next step of work after the chemical reaction ends is about 6 hours. Sometimes the solution bursts so much that rises above the edge of the form. To align the blocks exactly along the edge, the protruding mass is cut off with a metal string. After that, the block material, without removing from the forms, is stored on a canopy or indoor. It should be enough about 12 hours.

At the end of this deadline, the form is unpacking, finished blocks are stored in one row. The strength that is necessary for warehousing, aerated concrete will drop over two days. For construction, blocks can be used for weeks after four - by this time the material is gaining marching strength.

Additional Information

The blocks of aerated concrete can be made in a variety of configurations, change the dimensions of the forms and their design, depending on which laying is scheduled. This can be attributed to the important advantages of the production of this building material. Of course, according to the strength characteristics produced by a non-autoclave method, the autoclave gas-plane will be somewhat instructed. However, for use in personal needs when conducting not too large-scale construction, it will fit perfectly.

Different durability for concrete solution can be achieved by changing the proportions of components. However, the standard formulation will comply with the following indicators:

• sand - 20-40%;
• cement - 51-71%;
• lime - 1-5%;
• powder aluminum - 0.04-0.09%;
• water - 0.25-0.8%.

Aerated concrete is a modern energy efficient material for individual construction. It refers to cellular concrete. Up to 85% of the material volume occupy gas bubbles. Aerated concrete has excellent thermal insulation characteristics, has a small mass and is easy to handle. And most importantly - a house of aerated concrete can be built independently, without help (one person per day can lay out to 3 cubic meters of aerated concrete). The main thing is not to confuse aerated concrete and foam concrete, these are completely different materials, talk about it at the end of the report.

In order to see the process of producing aerated concrete in more detail, I went to the Ytong plant in Mozhaisk, who began his work in 2008. In terms of producing aerated conciversion, this is the largest plant in Russia. Watch!

2. For the production of aerated concrete, secure raw materials are used: cement (~ 20%), lime (~ 20%), quartz sand (~ 60%), aluminum paste (~ 1%) and water. All components are mixed in certain proportions, which is determined by the required strength of the finished product.

3. The basis of the aerated concrete is sand to handle.

4. For this, ball mills are used.

5. Inside the drum there are so balls that crushed the sand before turning into dust. It is necessary so that after forming the blocks it is easier to handle.

6. After that, the initial raw material enters the accumulative storage bins. Then in the gas concrete mixer, sand mixing, cement and lime is mixed.

7. And immediately before the fill to the already mixed components, water and suspension of aluminum paste are added. The finished mixture is poured into a special rectangular shape (the walls of the form do not have a hard connection with a bottom) for about 2/3.

8. At this stage, the most interesting thing happens. Aluminum paste enters into a reaction with lime, the result is hydrogen. It forms a huge number of pores from 0.5 to 2 mm in the raw material, diversely distributed inside. Pallets with a mixture are slowly moving in a hermetic room with an overlooking moisture (this is the only frame that I managed to do before the lens turned) until the mixture is increased in the volume to the top edge of the pallet.

9. After some time (2-3 hours), the transporter transfers the shape with a frozen mixture to the next stage. It is significant that the lift only at the expense of the vacuum holds the pallet without the bottom.

10. Now the frozen form is cut into the blocks of equal size. First in the cross, and then the longitudinal directions. At the factory, one line that can perform only one size blocks at the same time. For the production of blocks of another size simply replaced knives. The large area for the storage of finished products allows you to always have a full range of products.

11. After that, the outercharge of blocks is grinning and then they pressed together.

12. The crane captures the pallet with blocks and transfers them to the next stage of production.

13. And the new pallet is immediately stacked for the next batch batch. Yes, a very important fact - production at the factory is fully automated and practically does not require human participation. People work only on the packaging line (it is not yet so automated), warehouse and in the testing laboratory. In total, there is less than 80 people at the factory (the plant works around the clock).

14. Now blocks must be placed in the autoclave. Left "raw" blocks, right already "ready." Here I want to mention the next moment, after autoclaving, the blocks have a moisture of about 30%, which gradually (during the year) falls to 5-10%.

15. Autoclaving is a very important stage that improves the properties of aerated concrete blocks.

16. The cut blocks are placed in special autoclave chambers, where they are within 12 hours at elevated pressure of 12 kg / kV. See rich steam at a temperature of 190 ° C. At the same time, the temperature at the beginning and end of the cycle smoothly rises and falls during a certain time.

17. Each autoclave has a length of more than 30 meters. The use of autoclaving makes it possible to increase the strength of the aerated concrete blocks and reduce its subsequent shrinkage (less than 1 mm / m).

18. Each batch of blocks after autoclaving is sent to the laboratory to check for compliance with the specified characteristics. The cubes are cut on this machine, which will then go to test.

19. And the finished blocks are sent to the package line. Here they are folded in 2 rows. Positioning of the series of blocks is carried out manually.

20. Then they are turned over on the side of the already installed wooden pallets. After that, the blocks are sealed into the film (to protect them from damage) and go to the warehouse.

21. The warehouse is located in the open air, there is always a reserve of all products. Daily from the factory will ship by buyers more than 2,000 cubic meters of blocks.

22. The main products of the plant are blocks with a thickness of 50 to 500 mm with a density of 400 to 500 kg / cubic meters.

And a few more words about the differences in aerated concrete and foam concrete. It is clear that aerated concrete material is new, but very many unconsciously confuse them without even understanding that their characteristics differ significantly.

First, their difference lies in the title. For the production of foam concrete, foam consisting of their harmful chemicals (rosin, glue, caustic nat, etc.). And in the manufacture of aerated concrete, gas is used, which is used as a result of the chemical reaction of lime and aluminum paste, as a result, it turns out simply hydrogen. That is, aerated concrete is an environmentally friendly building material.

Secondly, foam concrete has very low strength characteristics. And here, as you know, there is a reverse dependence. That is, the lower the density (and, accordingly, strength), the "warmer" material. But if a density of D400 density (400 kg / sq.m) can be used for carrier walls in houses up to 3 floors inclusive and it will have a class of strength B2.5 and frozstick F100, then the bearing walls cannot be made from foam concrete below the D600. Consequently, the thermal conductivity of foam concrete D600 will be significantly higher (that is, "colder") than the D400 aerated concrete.

Thirdly, foam concrete production technology usually does not imply the use of autoclaves and cutting blocks after frozen. It is usually poured immediately into finished forms, and as a result, the blocks give a large shrinkage (3-5 mm / m) after construction. Not to mention the fact that the autoclaving process itself increases the strength of the blocks by 3-4 times.

Some video from production:

Building a house of aerated concrete is not that a light event, but compared to the brick or the same logone, efforts will have to be attached much less. We will build a simple one-storey house on.

If you wish, you can change the characteristics of the construction at your discretion - you only need to master the order of layout of walls, all other activities are carried out standard for homes from any materials.

Characteristics of aerated concrete blocks (indicators)	Autoclaved aerated concrete (gas-silicate)
Density, kg / m3	500
Class By compressive strength	At 2.5-3.
Frost resistance, cycles	F50
Attitude to moisture	Requires protection
Attitude to fire	Does not burn
Operational thermal conductivity, W / m * with	0,14
Outer wall thickness (Moscow region), m	0,5
The possibility of monolith	Not

Set for construction

1. Band-saw.
2. Drill.
3. Hand saw.
4. Manual strokesis.
5. Electrical.
6. Scraper bucket.
7. Carthes for glue.
8. Prototched Culma.
9. Rubber hammer.
10. Grinding grater (board).

We do foundation

Place the site

We remove from the site all that interferes, we clean it and proceed to markup. To do this, we use reinforcement bars and rope.

Determine the axis of the future structure. Take a plumb and outlining the first corner of the foundation. Perpendictively with respect to it stretch the rope to the second and third corners of the structure.

With the help of the cooler, we mark the 4th angle. We measure the diagonal. If the length is the same - everything is fine, the corners coincide, you can enter the rods and pull the rope.

Similarly, we carry out the inner markup of the base, retreating from the outer order of 400 mm (the optimal value of the width for the belt basement).

Trenches Roy around the perimeter at home and under future inner walls.

We prepare trenches

We find the lowest point on the site. From here, count the depth of the pit. A small house can be built on a 40-centimeter tape. Otherwise, focus on the design features and the site as a whole (the depth of the freezing, the level of groundwater).

ROOM TRANSE

Important! The walls of the pit must be vertical, and the bottom - smooth. We check it with a plumb and level.

We put on the bottom of the pit from the sand and thoroughly tamper it. Such a pillow will contribute to the uniform distribution of the load on the base in the offseason. Recommended thickness - from 15 cm.

On the sand we smear rubbank and put the rubberoid.

Install the formwork

We collect it from boards, plywood and other similar materials. Elements fasten with nails or screws.

Important! In the height of the formwork, we make such that it rises above the ground level of at least 300 mm.

On the inner perimeter of the formwork, we stretch the line at the level of the upper face of the future fill.

At the same stage, we think over the arrangement of holes for the introduction of water supply and sewage. To do this, lay empty pipes in the right places and fill them with sand.

Stay fittings

We take a rod with a diameter of 12-14 m. We associate them into the grid using a flexible steel wire. Mesh cells can have different size. The harder house, the smallest should be the side of the square. Most often enough power grid with 20x20 cm cells.

We make the grid in the size of the trench.

Important! Between the laid, walls and riding trenches, we leave 5-centimeter indents so that in the future all the valves were guaranteed to be filled with concrete.

Fill concrete

We multiply the width of the foundation on its length and height and determine the desired volume of concrete. Cooking or order a mixture. For cooking we use a standard recipe:

• cement - 1 part;
• crushed stone - 5 parts;
• sand - 3 parts;
• water - to the desired consistency.

Fill with uniform layers of about 200 mm, not in a rush. We are tamped by each layer of filling with a wooden traam. Pour the concrete to the level of the previously stretched rope in the formwork space.

Align the surface of the fill with the help of a trowel and picked up concrete by reinforcement in several places. Outside, carefully climb the formwork with a wooden hammer.

We give the foundation a month for a set of strength. During this time, wech the design with polyethylene to protect against precipitation, and in hot weather shed water to exclude cracking.

Prices for popular models of concrete mixers

Concrete mixers

We build walls

For construction in this example, we use with the design of the type "Spool-groove". They are simply more convenient to wear hands. You can build from any other gas packages - the order of work does not change.

We pre-clean the upper part of the dried foundation from the existing contaminants and dust, and after it is covered with a layer of rubberoid.

For laying of the first row, we use cement-sandy solution. It will dry longer than special glue, and we will have the opportunity to adjust the evenness of the calculation of the row. The minimum layer thickness is 10 mm. There are no maximum restrictions. This will allow to align the differences in height without much effort.

We find the highest angle - we will build from it. We take the fishing line and planning the wall at home. We put the first gasoblock. Then put the block on each remaining angle and stretch the rope between the construction elements.

Be sure to check the mechanism of laying each block. We post the first number of blocks around the perimeter of the house and in the construction places of the inner walls.

Important! Remember about doorways for doors. They naturally skip them.

We take polishing and carefully grind the surface of the starting row. Next, we will do so with each laid nearby. Thanks to this processing, we will be able to apply glue with a maximum layer.

We put the second, and after it the third row. We use special glue for masonry gaskets. We work, as in the first row, starting with the corners. Rows bandageing, shifting half of the block - like brickwork. The minimum permissible value of such a shift when laying aerated concrete is 80 mm.

For applying glue, use buckets with cloths. Blocks set as much as possible to each other as far as the fingers allow, and we move back. Check the smooth masonry level. If necessary, align the blocks with a rubber hammer. We work quickly and coordinated, because The glue dries very quickly and move the gas chamber almost impossible.

Helpful advice! If when laying the opening, it was not possible to get into the length of the whole gas block, we saw superfluous using a special saw or simple tree hacksaws.

Prices for various types of building blocks

Building blocks

Armopoyas inter-storey. Photo

We draw up windows and window sills

In the example of the example, the windowsill have a height of 4 rows of masonry. Window openings are reinforcing after laying out the 3rd row. In this we will help the strokesis.

In the location of the window opening of the Strokem 2 parallel lines. In length, they must go beyond the windows of the window by 300 mm from each sides.

In the shorters put reinforcement rods and fix them with cement-sandy mortar. Ready! Wall to install the window is strengthened.

Important! Operactions to install windows is better not to lay. Of course, in the future they can be cut off, but this is an extra spending of time and strength.

Laying of walls. On the photo simultaneously with masonry walls, decorative lining with bricks

Making jumpers

Gradually, we approached jumpers. These designs are needed to strengthen the walls of the wall above the door and window openings. Without jumpers, the design can simply collapse.

Then the "intimidated formwork" of three rows of blocks:
1. Outside the block thickness 150;
2. In the center, a block thickness 150 spilled along in half;
3. From the inside a block with a thickness of 100 mm.

Cut from it "squares", they bring the reinforcement rods to them

You can either use ready-made U-shaped blocks (glue to the desired length, install, put the reinforcement and poured with cement mortar) or make a formwork on your own.

For the manufacture of formwork it is convenient to use a 10-centimeter width gas blocks. Blocks with glue. If there is no possibility to buy 10-centimeter blocks, simply cut the usual gas chamber for 3 identical pieces.

We glue the blocks to the desired length, we make a strokesome 3 longitudinal ditches, put the reinforcement rods in them, fill the cement mortar and give it a day to dry.

Jumpers set the side with the reinforcement down. Spaces fill in gas blocks, if necessary, previously cut into the desired dimensions.

We do armoois

Armopoyas solid, all over the perimeter of the wall Armopoyas solid, all over the perimeter of the wall

After the arrangement of a series with window jumpers, we proceed to the Four of Armopoyasa, he also seismopoyas. The design is made from reinforced concrete and ensures the integrity of the aerated concrete construction.

We take 10-centimeter blocks and form formwork from them along the perimeter of the walls. Fill the ditch by reinforcement and pour cement mortar.

In Aropoyas, we welcome metal studs for fastening. We can make them from fittings. Even more convenient option - Threaded hairpins. They are easier to mount Mauerlat.

At this box is ready.

Maurylalat has already mounted. It's time to install rafters. At this stage, everything is individually - focusing on the features of the selected roofing design.

Available several options:

Regardless of the selected roof design, it must be equipped with insulating layers: hydro, heat and and. In some cases (for example, when the residential attic is placed) is mounted with a layer of noise insulating material.

On top of the rafter fix the waterproofing material. It is more convenient to do this with wooden plates. At the same time, the rails will play the role of the counterclaim, to which the rakes of the crates for roofing material will be fixed.

Under waterproofing into the space between the shells, laid insulation. Mineral wool is most often used. If you wish, you can choose another material (polystyrene foam, foam, etc.).

Thermal insulation is closed by a layer of vapor barrier film. It is fastened with wooden plates.

In complete, we put the finish roofing. At this moment, focus on the available budget and personal preferences. Most popular materials:

• slate;
• bitumen tile;
• professional flooring;
• metal tile;
• ceramic tile.

Any roofing material is placed, starting below. As a result, the sheets will be fixed in such a way that sediment moisture will be able to drain, not penetrating under the roofing flooring.

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On this box of gas-blocks from the roof is ready. Next you are waiting for work on the installation of engineering communications and finishing, but this is already the topic for a separate manual.

Good job!

Video - a house made of aerated concrete

Comments:

It is even more to reduce the construction of your own home or cottage, if you make a housekeeping with your own hands. It has long been an indispensable building material for the rapid and inexpensive construction of various buildings.

The composition of aerated concrete blocks includes: cement, lime, quartz sand, gypsum stone, powder from aluminum and water.

There is nothing complicated in the technology of manufacturing non-autoclave porous concrete. The composition includes available and widespread materials, and the ripening conditions are normal. All this suggests that it is real to do aezobutton.

Features aerated concrete

Aerated concrete blocks are the correct parallelpipeds from porous concrete. The material itself is a variety of concrete on a cement basis, in which air pores of up to 3 mm are evenly distributed. As an additive for the formation of pores, aluminum powder or pasta is usually used. In general, the concrete mixture has the following composition: cement, sand, aluminum powder, water, and various additives.

According to the method of manufacturing, aerated concrete is divided into autoclave and non-autoclave. The first type of material is obtained in an autoclave at elevated pressure and temperature, which is implemented only in industrial environments that ensure proper control of the process in an extreme environment.

The non-autoclave method of manufacture is implemented in natural conditions, which allows it to be applied independently. The production technology is based on the fact that, upon contact of the aluminum powder with water, a stormy reaction occurs with the separation of carbon dioxide. If this process occurs in a closed form inside a viscous mass, then the gases form pores in the amount of this material. Even after the gases go beyond the mixture, the pores remain in the thickness of the mixture. After hardening the mass in normal atmospheric conditions, aerated concrete is obtained, i.e., concrete with closed pores in a form close to a round, diameter of 1-3 mm.

The porous structure ensures the main advantages of the material, namely the high thermal insulation properties in combination with a low specific weight with a sufficiently high compressive strength. Aerated concrete blocks have a density of from 300 to 1200 kg / m³, depending on the amount of the input pore-forming substance.

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Production features

Technology of obtaining non-autoclave aerated concrete includes several mandatory stages and conditions. The thoroughbred component is added to the cement-sand mixture and is evenly distributed in volume. The process of formation of pores occurs quite actively with the expansion of the volume when powdered with water.

To hold the pores inside the mass, the gas isolation reaction should flow in forms that have sufficient strength. The internal cavity of the mold sets the dimensions of the resulting unit of aerated concrete. For primary hardening mass, it is necessary for at least 2 hours. After that, the concrete can be removed from the form, but must be in a stationary state on the racks to complete rejection. Finally, the amount of strength is achieved only after 28 days of drying blocks. For the manufacture of aerated concrete, it is necessary to ensure the fulfillment of the main conditions and make a number of necessary work.

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Required tools

For the manufacture of aerated concrete blocks with their own hands, the following tools will be required:

• bulgarian;
• hacksaw;
• plane;
• electric drill;
• hoven for metal;
• a hammer;
• shovel;
• mixer;
• line;
• room hairdryer;
• master OK;
• putty knife;
• steel string;
• chisel;
• chisel;
• libra;
• bucket measured.

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Preparation of mixes

The standard mixture for aerated concrete contains cement, sand, water and lime. Aluminum powder applies as a substance that forms the pore. Haired lime performs the role of plasticizer. To improve properties, it is recommended to use additional additives: sodium sulfate (no more than 0.5%) and caustic soda (no more than 1.5% by weight).

The basis of the aerated concrete is cement. It is recommended to use Portland cement M400 or M500.The filler is taken in the form of quartz sand. It should be carefully sifted with the removal of large fractions. The clay in the sand can only be in the form of small traces and make up not more than 7% of the weight of the sand. The following composition and the ratio of the ingredients of the concrete mixture are recommended:

• cement - 50-70%;
• sand - 20-40%;
• lime, caustic soda, sodium sulfate - 1-5%;
• aluminum powder - 0.04-0.09%;
• water - 0.25-0.8%.

The mixture should be thoroughly mixed. By changing the content of cement and the parent-forming composition, you can adjust the pore volume in concrete, that is, to change the density of the material.

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Making form

In order to solve the question of how to make aerated concrete, it is necessary to ensure the manufacture of a form for the fill of the concrete mix. Such forms can be two types. The first type (the simplest) is a rectangular box with a height equal to the height of the block. The box area must accommodate the volume of the mass from which several (4-9 pieces) of the aerated concrete elements can be made. If a significant amount of gas blocks are planned, then the form is better made from a steel strip in a thickness of 4-5 mm. The design should be collapsible to facilitate the recess of the concrete blank. From above, it is necessary to provide a removable lid. It is advisable to foresee its mounting to the sides of the box with the help of bolts (screws) or other clamps. Simplified form form can be made of wood. For box boards, you should use a 30-40 mm thick board.

The second type of form is a lattice system. In this design, the cavity of the box is divided by partitions on the cells in which one gasoblock is formed. Such a form can also be made of steel strip or wood. For internal partitions, a plywood of 12-15 mm thick can be used.

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Production of aerated concrete at home

Before starting work, the inner surface of the shape must be carefully lubricating with machine oil to eliminate the adhesion of the mass. The form is recommended to warm up to a temperature of about 40º C. In a uniformly mixed concrete solution, an aluminum powder is introduced, and it is poured into a form.

It is necessary to pour on the height, approximately equal to half the height of the sideboard, which takes into account the expansion of the mass when the chemical reaction is passed to the formation of pores.

A stormy reaction with gas is released within 6-8 minutes. At this time, active growth in the level of mass is observed. At the end of the reaction, the expansion of the composition stops, and then a small shrinkage of the solution occurs. After stopping the vertical movement of the level using a durable steel string, all irregularities (bugs, influx) are cut off from the surface of the workpiece. Thermal insulation material is superimposed on top of the calmed down blocking: asbestos, foam, etc., the form is closed with a lid on top.

It produces natural drying of aerated concrete blocks. The minimum drying time is 2 hours. After that, the monolith can be cut into blocks of the desired size. The recommended time before the start of transportation on the storage site is 24 hours. In the process of work, it is necessary to exclude the occurrence of drafts. Fan operation is not recommended. Cooling the mass should be slow and uniform.

This artificial stone has long acquired popularity, especially in the sphere of low-rise construction. Individual developers managed to appreciate all its advantages, including the low cost of products. And the level of construction of buildings is such that according to this indicator, this representative of the cells of the cells of the cells stands at one of the first places among all the used building materials.

It is also attractive by the fact that, if desired, the production of aerated concrete can be organized anywhere, and not only on a specialized enterprise. The technology is so simple that blocks can be manufactured independently, under certain needs, various shapes and sizes, which creates additional amenities for a private developer.

What is the advantage of aerated concrete production at home

In the process of preparing for construction, calculate the exact number of certain billets (by size), as a rule, does not work. And it's not just in the errors when performing measurements. The facilitation of the masonry is that in each next row of "bricks" are installed with the displacement to avoid coincidence of joints vertically. Therefore, it is necessary to spend time on cutting products, which results in material overfers. Therefore, as a rule, blocks are purchased with a reserve, and this is additional costs.
All calculations of the structural elements are "tied" to certain product sizes. But in practice, the wishes of the owner and the dimensions of the purchased blocks do not always coincide. For example, in the thickness of the inner walls. The organization of the production of aerated concrete at home allows you to produce artificial stone with any necessary geometry, including a complex configuration (arched or other type).

Blocks from this material are prepared in two ways - autoclave or without the use of special equipment. Consider exactly the last option, since to build one or two buildings on the plot there is no point in spending money on the purchase of thermocameras, which will not be needed, but are quite expensive. This method has some features, and they must be considered.

"Pros" - Minimum costs, simplicity of technology. Purchase of finished blocks, taking into account the delivery of them in place, will cost much more expensive.

"Minuses" - The quality of products is inferior to those that have been subjected to heat treatment. Therefore, the building is more than 2 floors from such blocks is not recommended. Plus - hardening occurs naturally. Therefore, the production of a non-autoclave aerated concrete can only be engaged at temperatures above + 5 0s to ensure normal evaporation of water.

Video - Armor of aerated concrete house

Equipment

Concrete mixer. To achieve a qualitative, homogeneous composition of the mixture with manual stirring will not work, and it is determined by several factors. And the quality of finished blocks is directly connected with the feedstock. For example, many characteristics (noise, thermal insulation and a number of others) depend on the uniformity of the distribution of air bubbles throughout the material.
Forms.
Sticted thin wire (to circumcise excess mass after fill).

Components of the mixture for the production of aerated concrete

Cement
Experienced masters argue that for independent production of blocks, anyone does not fit. Recommend to use the "400" D20 brands.

Sand quartz
Ideally, it must be missed through a sieve, washed thoroughly (to remove impurities) and dried.

Additives
Lime (Negained), sodium sulfate, caustic soda, gas formation (powder aluminum).

Naturally, clean water will also be needed.

Technology of work

Making forms. You can buy them (prefabricated), and you can do it yourself. We will need boards, in which one of the parties should be carefully sharp. Of these, the "penalty", the inside of which jumpers are inserted, dividing it along the entire length on the compartments. Such "inserts" can be cut from moisture-proof puff plywood. Pre-in the boards, according to a predetermined markup, are made under the "inserts" of the propulsion.

The sizes of cells determine the dimensions of future blocks, so they are selected depending on which parameters should be at artificial stone. To accelerate the process of producing aerated concrete, several different forms should be prepared, under all the necessary sizes.

In order for the mixture did not stick to the boards, the inner surfaces of the cells are abundantly lubricated in water (3 parts) by spent oil (machine - 1 part). By the way, this is done whenever the new fill of the solution.

Preparation of a mixture for aerated concrete

This stage is always the most difficult. And it's not a mixing, but in the equity ratio of ingredients. It should be immediately noted that it is possible to achieve the necessary quality of finished products only by experience. Much depends on the grade of cement, and from sand, and on the characteristics of the remaining components. Even the quality of the water used affects the course of the chemical reaction, which occurs when the gas inverter is introduced. That is why some unambiguous recommendation for the production of aerated concrete at home does not exist.

For an example, it is appropriate to bring such a proportion (it has already been tested in practice). Cement (100 kg) and sand (180 kg) are taken. For such a quantity it will take about 60 liters of water. To get a high-quality kneading, you need to fall asleep ingredients of portion, small batches, which are poured by several liters of fluid. Each mixing - minutes 5. Gradually, other components are added to the solution - sodium sulfate and caustic (0.5 kg and 1.5 kg, respectively). At the very end - powder (0.4 kg). The resulting mixture is stirred for more than 1 minute.

Note: Sodium connection can not be applied. It serves only to speed up the production process.

The solution must fill each cell about half. The reaction will begin, and it will increase in the amount (climb). This occurs approximately for 5 - 8 minutes (depends on the temperature on the street). After some time, the reverse process will begin (lowering the mass).

When she "calm down", the upper (buggy) part is cut off the string from the wire. After that, the solution is kept in forms to hardening (approximately for 20 to 24 hours). Next, the blocks are removed from the cells and move to the allotted platform until the final mass of the mass.

Practical advice

There is no point in buying a concrete mixer for one-time construction. For example, the cost of the cheapest gasket mixer is approximately 40 - 45 thousand rubles. More expedient to rent equipment. But here it should be noted that the fee is charged for every day of use. Therefore, it is previously necessary to prepare everything, make accurate calculations by the number of same type of blocks, and only then enter into a rental agreement.
So that all the products are the same height, the form must be a freeze at the same time at the same temperature. Otherwise, the mass in the extreme cells will give a greater shrinkage than in the center.
It is necessary to take care of the absence of drafts. For example, carry out work in the utility room or to upset the platform from all sides.
Making a variety of wooden inserts in shape, you can get blocks with different side faces configuration. For example, recesses of spike grooves, grippers for manual carrying.