What the heroes Shukshin differ from ordinary people. To help a schoolboy. The destruction of the integrity of the "simple person"

One of the creators of the village prose was Shukshin. Your first work, the story "Two on the cart", the writer printed in 1958. Then, for fifteen years of literary activity, he published 125 stories. In a collection of stories "Rural inhabitants", the writer included the cycle "They and Katuna", in which with love told about his countrymen and his native land.

The works of the writer were distinguished from what was written within the framework of the village prose Belov, Rasputin, Astafyev, nose. Shukshin did not admire the nature, did not go into the long reasoning, did not admire the people and rustic life. His short stories are episodes, snapshots, short scenes, where the dramatic is interspersed with comic.

The heroes of the village prose Shukshina often refer to the well-known literary type of "little man." The classics of Russian literature - Gogol, Pushkin, Dostoevsky - more than once they took similar types in their works. The image remained relevant for rustic prose. In the typical characteristics of the characters, the Heroes Shukshin are distinguished by an independent look at the things that Alien was Akakiya Akakiyevich Gogol or Pushkin Station. The men immediately feel insincerity, they are not ready to obey the fictional urban values. Original little people - that's what happened at Shukshina.

Chudik is strange for urban residents, the attitude towards him of his own Snow borders with hatred. At the same time, the unusualness, the immediacy of the wounders and people, to him like, on the deep conviction of Shukshin, makes life more beautiful. The author talks about the talent and beauty of the soul of his heroes-kandikov. Their acts are not always consistent with the behavior models familiar to us, and the value attitudes are amazing. He falls in a flat place, loves dogs, surprised by human malice and as a child wanted to become a spy.

About people of the Siberian village Story "Rural Residents". Fabul is simple: the family receives a letter from his son with an invitation to come to visit him to the capital. Grandma Malania, grandson Shurka and the neighbor of Lizunov represent a similar event with a truly epochal. In the characters of heroes, simpleness, naivety and immediacy are viewed, they are revealed through the dialogue on how to go and what to take with you on the road. In this story, we can observe the skill of Shukshina in the composition of the composition. If in the "Children" we were talking about an atypical beginning, here the author gives an open finale, thanks to which the reader himself can complete and think about the plot, give evaluation and summarize.

It is easy to see how carefully the writer refers to the construction of literary characters. Images with a relatively small number of text deep and psychological. Shukshin writes about the feud of life: Even if nothing remarkable is happening in it, every new day to live is equally difficult.

The material for the film "Lives such a guy" became the story of Shukshina "Grinc Malyugin". In it, young driver makes a feat: takes a burning truck into the river so that the barrels with gasoline did not explode. When a journalist comes to the wounded hero in the hospital, Gunka is shy for the words about the feat, debt, the salvation of people. The striking character modesty borders with holiness.

For all the stories, Shukshin is characterized by the style of speech characters and bright, rich stylistically and artistic style. A variety of shades of live speech in the works of Shukshin looks contrast towards the literary stamps of socialism. In the stories often encounter interjections, exclamations, rhetorical issues, marked vocabulary. As a result, we see natural, emotional, living heroes.

The autobiographical character of many Schukshin stories, his knowledge of rural life and problems gave reliability to the troubles that the author writes. The opposition of the city and the village, the outflow of young people from the village, dying villages - all these problems are widely illuminated in the stories of Shukshin. It modifies the type of a small person, makes new features in the concept of a Russian national nature, as a result of which acquires fame.

Where did the Writer take the material for his works? Everywhere, where people live. What is the material, what heroes? That material, and those heroes who rarely earned themselves in the art. And it took, to come from the depths of folk large talent, so that with love and respect told about his countrymen a simple, strict truth. It's true that this was the fact of art, caused love and respect for the author himself. Hero Shukshin was not only unfamiliar, and partly incomprehensible. Lovers of "distilled" prose demanded a "beautiful hero," demanded that the writer would invent, so as not to give God to not taking his own soul. The polarity of opinions, sharpness of the assessments arose, as not strange, precisely because the hero is not intensive. And when the hero is a real person, he cannot only be moral or only immoral. And when the hero is invented in favor of someone, here is complete immorality. Not from here, from the misunderstanding of the creative position of Shukshin, the creative mistakes of the perception of his heroes are going. After all, in his heroes, the directness of the action is striking, the logical unpredictability of a deed: then the feat will come unexpectedly, then suddenly runs out of the camp three months before the end of the term.

Shukshin himself recognized: "I am most interesting to explore the character of a person-mischief, a man who is not planted for science of behavior. Such a person is impulsive, it is amenable to gusts, and therefore it is extremely natural. But he always has a reasonable soul." The heroes of the writer are indeed impulsive and extremely natural. And they come so, by virtue of internal moral concepts, they can not be conscious themselves. They have an exacerbated response to humiliation by man. This reaction acquires a variety of forms. Sometimes to the most unexpected results.

He burned the pain from the treason of his wife to Sereglessman's wife, and he cut off his two fingers ("intimate").

He insulted the screamer in the store of Ham seller, and for the first time in his life got drunk and got into the detox ("And in the morning they woke up ..."), etc. etc.

In such situations, the heroes of Shukshin can even end with them ("Suraz", "a husband's wife in Paris accompanied"). No, they do not stand insults, humiliation, resentment. Sasha Ermolaeva offended ("insult"), "unbending" aunt-seller Nahamila. So what? It happens. But the Hero Shukshin will not tolerate, but will prove, explain, break through the wall of indifference. And ... grabbed the hammer. Or will leave the hospital, as Vanka Teplishin did, as Shukshin ("Klauza"). Very natural reaction of a conscientious and kind person ...

No Shukshin does not idealize his strange, unbind heroes. Idealization is generally contrary to the art of a writer. But in each of them he finds something close to him. And now, not to disassemble who is there for humanity - the writer Shukshin or Vanka Teplishin.

Shukshinskie hero, facing the "narrow gorilla", may in despair himself grab himself for the hammer to prove his right point, and Schukshin himself can say: "It is necessary to immediately beat the stool on the head - the only way to tell Hamu, what he did not feel good" ( "Boria"). This is a pure "Shukshinskaya" collision, when the truth, conscience, honor can not prove that they are they. And Hama is so easy, so just to crumble a conscientious person. And increasingly, the collisions of Heroes Shukshin become dramatic for them. Schukshin, many considered the writer comic, "joking", but over the years, the one-sidedness of this statement was discovered everything, as well as the other - about the "complacent conflict of" works of Vasily Makarovich. Scene situations Schukshin Shaukshina. In their development, comedy provisions can be dramatized, and something comic is detected in dramatic. With an integral image of unusual, exceptional circumstances, the situation involves their possible explosion, a catastrophe that breaks out, break the usual course of the life of heroes. Most often, the actions of heroes determine the strongest desire for happiness, to the approval of justice ("autumn").

Whether Shukshin's cruel and gloomy owners of Lyubavin, the winsted rebel Stepan Razin, old people and the old woman, said whether the fault of Seine, about the inevitable leaving of a man and farewell to him with all the earths, was the films about Pashka Koholnikov, Ivan Zatorguev, Thunder's brothers, Egor Prokodin He portrayed his heroes against the background of concrete and generalized images - rivers, roads, endless space of arable land, a native home, unlucky graves. Shukshin understands this central image with comprehensive content, solving a cardinal problem: What is a person? What is the essence of his being on earth?

The study of the Russian national nature, folding throughout the centuries and changes in it, associated with the stormy changes in the twentieth century, is the strong side of Shukshin's creativity.

Earth attraction and attraction to the ground is the strongest feeling of the agriculture. Born together with a person, a figurative idea of \u200b\u200bthe greatness and relics of the Earth, the source of life, the keepers of the time and the generations that have left them in art. Earth - Poeticly meaningful image in art Shukshina: home native, Pashnya, Steppe, Motherland, Mother - Cheese Earth ... People - Fashionable Associations and Perceptions Create a whole system of concepts of national, historical and philosophicals: about infinity of life and leaving the last objective of generations Motherland, about spiritual ties. A comprehensive image of the Earth - Motherland becomes the center of the entire content of Schukshin's creativity: the main conflicts, artistic concepts, moral and aesthetic ideals and poetics. Enrichment and update, even the complication of the original concepts of land, the house in the work of Shukshin is quite natural. His worldview, life experience, the acute feeling of the Motherland, artistic penetration, born in a new era of the life of the people, led such a kind of prose.

One of the authors who preached in their works kindness and responsiveness was Vasily Makarovich Shukshin. It was a man with a versatile talent: actor, director, writer. From all of his creations there are spiritual heat, sincerity, love for people. Once Shukshin said: "Each real writer, of course, a psychologist, but the patient himself." Here is this pain for people, for their sometimes empty and worthless life, Shukshina stories are penetrated.

I like Shukshin's stories. They are short, understandable, interesting, there are a lot of accurate and colorful statements. The stories of the "Chudik" and "cut" enter the collection "Conversations with a clear moon". The very name of the collection speaks of a kind of friendly conversation about life, love, nature. Shukshin stories are written by a simple spoken language, which transfers the characteristics of the speech of the characters. In his works, Shukshin continues the traditions of Russian classical literature: Tolstoy, Gogol, Gorky. His heroes from the people, ordinary people, but they have some kind of raisin.

So Shukshin shows us a new type of hero. This is a "wound" (in the collection even there is a story with such a name). These wanders look like Gorky's heroes, but they closer to us, because they lived not so long ago. Schukshin's woundings are people who create a "festival of the soul", live simply, naturally, without making any evil. The surrounding perceive them as abnormal, because they can throw out some focus. Such are the characters of the stories of the "Chudik", "Microscope", "cut". But their desire to make "people as better" constantly stumps on the wall of misunderstanding, alienation, even hostility. I think this is happening because everyone understands his own way, "as better." It seems to them that it will be better, and other people do not. That's why the "Founders" is so called. Such, for example, a collision in the story of the "Chudik" of the main character with his brother's wife's brother Zoy Ivanovna, for something unbelieving the wound. But he is just a kind and cheerful man. Shukshin wants to show us that people are indifferent to each other, they are strangers to each other, worm and do not want to help. Those who are trying to unite people become "wounds", almost crazy.

But the "woundings" may not only be kind. For example, the main hero of the story "cut" Gleb Kapustin. He is unkind, because he always wants to humiliate another person, especially arriving, show that that fool, etc. The story begins with the fact that Konstantin Ivanovich is a city intellectual - comes to the village. He is an educated person, and it does not like the peasants. They call Gleb, because he will hear among them the most scientist. Gleb also wants to "cut" a city guest in advance, that is, to defeat their dispute. Here Shukshin shows, on the one hand, the arrogance of the city guest, who believes that he came to a deaf village, and on the other hand, the robust of a village man who wants to prove that he "also something is Micribet." The usual first conversation about the latest achievements of science turns into clarification of relationships. Shukshin does not interfere in what is happening. He seemed to be one of the listeners of the dispute - he simply transmits his content to us. But he looks at Gleb with a sad smile, because this malice destroys himself.

In this story, Shukshin shows a very long standing of the intelligentsia and the people. Even now, when there are TVs, computers, it is preserved. Shukshin loves his hero, he, in general, loves all his heroes, because they are the same ordinary people as he. But this does not prevent him from pointing out to their shortcomings, show that they do something wrong: the men themselves begin to clog the Gleb, they are already not glad that this dispute has failed. At the end of the story, everyone remains some unpleasant impression from the dispute of Gleb and Konstantin Ivanovich. After all, Gleb Kapustina is a pity. The whole goal of his life is to "cut" passing people, that is, to justify their stagnation in this village, to prove to them that he lives is not in vain. Although, it seems to me, he proves it to himself. After all, he is angry because his life is in vain, it goes around that he did nothing good or standing. Such thoughts are characteristic of many Schukshin prose heroes.

V.M. Shukshin wrote his works in the years of stagnation, and he very acutely felt the mood of people of that time. He showed how they are trying to escape from dim and familiar life, as they fight with the usuality and unnecessaryness of life. I like the heroes Shukshin, because they have natural strength, unusual, thirst for bright life. The stories of this wonderful writer still have not lost their meaning.

In Russian literature, the genre of rustic prose is noticeably different from all other genres. What is the reason for this difference? This can be spent exclusively for a long time, but still do not come to the final conclusion. This is because the framework of this genre may not fit within the description of rural life. Under this genre can be approached by works that describe the relationship between people of the city and the village, and even the works in which the main character is not at all the villagers, but in spirit and the idea, these works are nothing more than a rustic prose.

In foreign literature, very few works of this type. Much more of them in our country. This situation is explained not only by the peculiarities of the formation of states, regions, their national and economic specificity, but also by the character, the "portrait" of each people inhabiting this area. In Western European countries, the peasantry played a minor role, and all the folk lives were boiling in cities. In Russia, since ancient times, the peasantry occupied the most important role in history. Not at the power of power (on the contrary - the peasants were the most powerful), and in spirit - the peasantry was and, probably, to this day remains the driving force of Russian history. It is from the dark, ignorant peasants that the villain of Razin, and Emelyan Pugachev, and Ivan Bolotnikov, precisely because of the peasants, more precisely because of the serfdom, was the cruel struggle, the victims of which were the kings, and poets, and part of the outstanding Russian Intelligentsia XIX century. Thanks to this, works covering this topic occupy a special place in the literature.

Modern rustic prose plays in our days a big role in the literary process. This genre today is rightfully occupied by one of the leading places for readability and popularity. The modern reader is worried about the problems that rise in the novels of such a genre. These are issues of morality, love for nature, good, good attitude towards people and other problems, so relevant today. Among the writers of modernity, writing or writing in the genre of rustic prose, the leading place is occupied by such writers as Viktor Petrovich Astafyev ("Tsar Fish", "Shepherd and Shepherd"), Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin ("Live and Remember", "Farewell to Mother "), Vasily Makarovich Shukshin (" Rural inhabitants "," Lubavina "," I came to give you will ") and others.

Special place in this row is occupied by Vasily Makarovich Shukshin. His peculiar creativity attracted and will attract hundreds of thousands of readers not only in our country, but also abroad. After all, it is rare to meet such a mastery of a folk word, such a sincere admirer of his native land, which was this outstanding writer.

Vasiliy Makarovich Shukshin was born in 1929, in the village of Sosskaya of the Altai Territory. And through the life of the future writer, the beauty and severity of those places flew to the red thread. It is thanks to his small homeland, Shukshin learned to appreciate the land, man's work on this earth, learned to understand the harsh prose of rural life. Already from the very beginning of the creative path, he discovered new ways in the image of a person. His heroes were unusual and in their social situation, and in life maturity, and in moral experience. After becoming a completely mature young man, Shukshin goes to the center of Russia. In 1958, he debuts in the cinema ("Two Fedor"), as well as in the literature ("story in the telega"). In 1963, Shukshin produces his first compilation - "rural residents." And in 1964 his film "lives such a guy" is honored by the main prize at the festival in Venice. Worldwide comes to Shukshin. But it does not stop there. Follow the years of intense and painstaking work. For example: in 1965, his novel "Lyubavina" comes out and at the same time the film appears on the screens "such a guy" lives. Only one this example can be judged with what self-dedication and intensity worked as an artist.

Or maybe this is a hurry, impatience? Or a desire to immediately approve yourself in the literature on the most durable - "Romantic" basis? Of course, it is not. Shukshin was written only two novels. And as Vasily Makarovich himself said, he was interested in one topic: the fate of the Russian peasantry. Shukhin managed to touch for the living, break into our souls and make us awake: "What happens to us"? Shukshin did not gear himself, in a hurry to have time to say the truth, and this truth to bring people to this truth. He was obsessed with one thought that he wanted to think out loud. And be understood! All efforts Shukshina - Creator were sent to this. He considered: "Art - so to speak so that you understand ..." from the first steps in the art of Shukshin explained, argued, argued and suffered when it was not understood. He is told that the film "lives such a guy" is a comedy. He is perplexed and writes afterword to the film. He is thrown at a meeting with young scientists a tricky question, he is drush, and then he sits down for an article ("Monologue on the stairs").

Shukshin himself recognized: "I am most interesting to explore the character of a person-mischief, a person who is not planted for science of behavior. Such a person is impulsive, amenable to gusts, and, consequently, extremely natural. But he always has a reasonable soul. " The heroes of the writer are indeed impulsive and extremely natural. And they come so, by virtue of internal moral concepts, they can not be conscious themselves. They have an exacerbated response to humiliation by man. This reaction acquires a variety of forms. Sometimes to the most unexpected results.

He burned the pain from the treason of his wife to Sereglessman's wife, and he cut off his two fingers ("intimate").

He insulted the screamer in the store of Ham seller, and for the first time in his life got drunk and got into the detox ("And in the morning they woke up ..."), etc. etc.

The study of the Russian national nature, folding throughout the centuries and changes in it, associated with the stormy changes in the twentieth century, is the strong side of Shukshin's creativity.

Earth attraction and attraction to the ground is the strongest feeling of the agriculture. Born together with a person, a figurative idea of \u200b\u200bthe greatness and relics of the Earth, the source of life, the keepers of the time and the generations that have left them in art. Earth - Poeticly meaningful image in art Shukshina: home native, Pashnya, Steppe, Motherland, Mother - Cheese Earth ... People - Fashionable Associations and Perceptions Create a whole system of concepts of national, historical and philosophicals: about infinity of life and the past generations in the past , about the homeland, about spiritual connections. A comprehensive image of the Earth - Motherland becomes the center of the entire content of Schukshin's creativity: the main conflicts, artistic concepts, moral and aesthetic ideals and poetics. Enrichment and update, even the complication of the original concepts of land, the house in the work of Shukshin is quite natural. His worldview, life experience, the acute feeling of the Motherland, artistic penetration, born in a new era of the life of the people, led such a kind of prose.

The first attempt to understand V. Shukshin fate of the Russian peasantry on historical breaks, became the novel "Lyubavina". It was about the beginning of the 20s of our century. But the main character, the main embodiment, the concentration of the Russian national character for Shukshina was Stepan Razin. It was him, his uprising, the second and last novel Shukshina "I came to give you will." When for the first time he became interested in Schukshin Personality Razin, it is difficult to say. But already in the collection "Rural inhabitants" begins a conversation about him. There was a moment when the writer realized that Stepan Razin was absolutely modern, that he was the concentration of the national characteristics of the Russian people. And this, precious discovery, Shukshin wanted to convey to the reader. Today's person acutely feeling how "the distance between modernity and history decreased." Writers, addressing the events of the past, study them from the position of the people of the twentieth century, are looking for and finding those moral and spiritual values \u200b\u200bthat are needed in our time.

It takes several years after the end of work on the novel "Lyubavina", and Shukshin at the new artistic level is trying to explore the processes occurring in the Russian peasantry. Put a film about Stepana Rasin was his dream. He returned to her constantly. If we take into account the nature of Shukshinsky dating, inspired and bothering live life, considering that he himself was going to play the role of Stepan Razin, then from the film it would be possible to expect a new deep penetration into Russian national character. One of the best books Shukshin is called "characters" - and this name itself emphasizes the writer's addiction to what it has been in certain historical conditions.

In the stories written in recent years, the passionate, sincere author's voice facing the reader is increasingly sound. Shukshin spoke about the most important, sore, exposing his artistic position. He seemed to feel that his heroes could not express everything, but it is necessary to say. More and more "sudden", "honeycomb" stories from Vasily Makarovich Shukshina. Such an open movement to the "unheard of simplicity", a kind of nude - in the traditions of Russian literature. There is still no art, going beyond his limits when the soul screams about his pain. Now the stories are a solid copyright word. Interview - nude revelation. And everywhere questions, questions, questions. The most important things about the meaning of life.

Art should teach good. Shukshin in the ability of a pure human heart to good the most expensive wealth. "If we are strong and truly smart, so it's a good act," he said.

I lived with this, I believed Vasily Makarovich Shukshin.

53. Innormance of Dramaturgia A. Valentinova

54. Literature and new thinking of the 80-90s of the XX century

55. Moral search in the literature of the end of the XX - early XXI

Chudik - Favorite Hero Shukshina. Chudik - the center of the best features of the Russian people. There are people, in the city or in the village who surrounding strange. Their name is cranks. And they are not strange and not eccentrics. From ordinary people, they are distinguished by only the fact that they are talented and beautiful. Beautiful they are the fact that their fate merged with folk fate, separately they do not live. Creativity Vasily Makarovich Shukshin traditionally refers to the so-called "rustic" prose. Indeed, the place of action of his stories is the village, the Russian depth, and its heroes - Selyan, villagers. However, the writer does not just draw us a certain way of life with their traditions and customs. We are in front of us a string of images that make up true Russian national character, beautiful and solid. The protagonist of the work of V. M. Shukshin is a wound, an eccentric simple man, sincere and kind. The surrounding most often do not understand it and do not take seriously.

Hero of the story "Sapozhki" - driver Sergey Dukhanin - bought a wife in the district center of boots. The scene itself reveals the character of the hero. The rudeness and the arrogance of the saleswomen lead it into confusion and make you think about the feasibility of buying. However, practicality loses the desire of the hero to make a pleasant wife. A simple rural resident is peculiar to tenderness and care, he philosophically reflects: "Here you live - forty-five years already - you think everything: nothing, someday I will live well, easy. And time goes ... I ask how the devil had to be waiting, and not to do such joys as you can do? Here: there is money, there are extraordinary boots - take, make joy to man! " Having experienced discomfort and uncertainty of communication with the saleswoman, Sergey still makes a purchase. Comrades, too, did not understand the hero: "Are you, offline? This is winter. She told you such a buy? "But the most of all Sergey was a meeting with his wife. However, Claudia did not scold her husband at all, but on the contrary, worried that the boots were small to her. Understanding between spouses turned out to be more valuable than expensive boots. The hero is internally experiencing what is happening that he says about the sensitivity of his nature: "Sergey, as usual, crouched on a small kitchen stool, he smoked a cigarette before bedtime ... smoked, thought, once again worried about today's purchase, he fastened her larger, big, as it seemed to him, sense . It was good for the soul. " For the hero of the story, tenderness, human warmth, cordiality, mutual understanding are very important.

The hero of another story Shukshina "Chudik" did not find an understanding of native people or outsiders. Such a nickname hero received for his eccentric, from the point of view of others, in nature, for his dissimilarity on others. His experiences about the lost banknote are incomprehensible to others. The hero is so genuine and unconsumed that it can not even think to take someone else's. The spiritual warmth of the wounder does not find an understanding and a telegraph worker when he composes his warm telegram to his wife. Having arrived at the brother and timing the nephew, the Chudik came across the resistance of his wife. The desire for beauty, the desire to make close to the pleasant turns out to be not needed by relatives. And just returning home to the village and running around in the meadow, the hero again feels inner freedom.

Hero of the story "Microscope" - Simple Joinar Andrei Erin. He has a family: wife and two children. They live modestly, but the hero is solved by buying an expensive microscope. Together with her son, they were sitting around him for a long time, "investigated". In this desire to know the surrounding world at the hero, the traits of the scientist appear. It seemed that even his life had changed. It appeared a goal, meaning. But Andrei does not find an understanding of his wife, for which material values \u200b\u200bare more important. Zoya Jerin eventually hand over a microscope into a commission. Hero Shukshin is rustled and naive. The surroundings consider it near and impractical, "not from this world." But the womb is kind, sincere, thinly feeling of people and the world around the world connecting the best features of the Russian national character.

The writing

The literary work Shukshin began the publication of the stories in 1956, which amounted to the first collection of "rural residents" (1963). Shukshin wrote about hundreds of stories, united in collections "There, away" (1968), "Countrymen" (1970), "Characters" (1973), "Conversations with a clear moon" (1974); Film "Kalina Red" (1973) and "Call me in the distance Light" (1975); Tale "point of view" (1974) and "to third roosters" (1975); Satirical story "Energetic people" (1974), two historical novels "Lyubavina" (1965) and "I came to give you will" (1971), as well as filmcenery and journalistic work. The peculiar work of Shukshin, the unity of his artistic world is based primarily on the unique personality of the artist himself, which grew up on folk soil and managed to express a whole direction of the spiritual life of the people.

Vasily Shukshin began with stories about countrymen, infertility and undispical. But at the very beginning of creativity managed to see the common one. Turning to a friend, ordinary, he found there an unknown. He expanded the sphere of depicted in art. Collection "Rural inhabitants" - the beginning. The beginning is not only a creative path, but also a big topic - love for the village. For Schukshina, the village is not so much a geographical concept as a social, national and moral, where the whole complex complex of human relations converges.

In the thinking about the village of the author there is one special aspect - the problem of spiritual values. He thinks a lot and hard about why the village does not always receive real culture and art, protests against those who create the so-called "Working options for the village": "The trouble is that this surrogate of urban culture has a huge impact on the village" ( Stories "Artist Fedor Grah", "Roof overhead" and others).

Shukshin wrote so that around every externally unassuming story arises the "field" of critical and reading pondays and conclusions. In his free time, Gleb Kapustin, the hero of the story "cut off", was entertained by "cut off", "stolen" the village immigrants who have achieved different degrees of life success when they came to the village. He "cut" and the next "noble" guest, candidate of science, Zhuravleva. The struggle went on an equal footing: the candidate considered Gleba fool, Kapustin managed to grab the main thing in Zhuravlev - arrogance - and "cut" him in front of the peasants. Kapustin himself explained his peculiarity: "... do not even be tightened above the waterline ... And then too much take on yourself ..."

And yet: "... You can write hundreds of times in all articles" People ", but the knowledge will not add. So when you go to this very people, then be a little collected. Prepared or. And it is easy to find in fools. " Through all the work of Shukshin passes a sharply negative attitude towards the pseudo-delegenity, the man of the semi-cougium, arrogant. He knew the price of genuine intelligence and put on this expense of weight and accurately: "Let's start with the fact that the phenomenon is an intelligent person - rare. This is a troubled conscience, the mind, a complete lack of voice when it is required - for the consonance - "fencing" a mighty bass of the strong world of this, bitter disorder with himself due to the damned question: "What is the truth?", Pride ... And - the compassion of fate People. Inevitable, painful. If all this in one person is he intellectual. But it is not all. The intellectual knows that intelligence is not an end in itself. "

The driving force in the works of Shukshin is not external events. The plot is only a reason to start the conversation. Then the reason "disappears", and "begins to talk the soul, wisdom," the mind, the feeling ... Increasingly, the Heroes Shukshin are thinking about the basics of being, increasingly turn to the so-called "eternal issues." Forcing your hero to take a look at myself, on my own life, her moral content, Shukshin is often the subject of research takes a person at the time of spiritual stress, shear, donoma, when it seems to him that the forces and life were rapped them in vain. The writer notes: "Different soul dies; She died in other, and he did not notice it. "

This theme is when human life is consumed in the own admission of Shukshin, worries him unusually. The anecdotism itself sometimes turns into a sense of the tragedy of life (for example, a story "Biletik on the second session"). A huge place in the artistic system of the writer is the idea of \u200b\u200bthe feast of the soul. Holiday of the soul, on Shukshin, is some kind of desire for light unity of people when they are voluntarily and merrily. Among human values \u200b\u200bis especially important for Schukshina Kindness. He saw in the ability of a clean heart to good, the most expensive wealth: "If we are strong and really smart, so it's in good act."

In the world, the heroes of the works of Shukshina pity always stands next to good. "In vain, after all, exclaimed:" It is necessary to regret a person! .. "This is also an awkward, very predetermining posture. Respect - yes. Only after all, respect is the case is hiring, comes with a culture. Pity is higher than us, the wiser of our libraries ... "" The joy of communication with the truth "is another vast importance of the principle of the writer. About her, about the truth, he was constantly worried, without her did not think art, and his own life too. For Shukshin-artist, there is no "bad film", "weak novel", and there is a "false film", "a false novel", and it is this quality - a lie - and constitutes vulgarity and weakness.

The concept of truth covers all spheres of the writer's life in art. This is confidence: professionally - it means there is a truth about a person. This is also conviction: "I am ashamed, for example, to" extract the foot of the pretzel "when the people are bad." 562 Schukshin's literature managed to touch for the living, break into our souls and make us look shocked: "What happens to us?" I did not touch myself, in a hurry to have time to say the truth and this truth to unite, bring together people. He was obsessed with the idea that he wanted to think out loud. And be understood. All efforts to Shukshin-artist were sent to this. He believed: "Art - so to speak so that you understand. Silently understood and silently said "Thank you." In recent years, he came to the final conviction: "... The essence of the case and the truth of life is such that the book works slowly, but deeply and long."

Cinema - "Fighting art, and the literature is eternal." Years are held, some films come to replace others, and the real prose "is hard and long lives", she "remains to live in time, in the souls of people."