Signs of hemorrhoids in pregnant women. Hemorrhoids during pregnancy - symptoms and treatment. Exacerbation of hemorrhoids during pregnancy

Hemorrhoids literally translated from Latin means bleeding. With this disease, the venous nodes in the rectum increase in size and become inflamed. The picture is complemented by unpleasant sensations of acute attacks of pain. All social strata of the population are affected by the disease, and the fair sex suffers from it more often than men. Hemorrhoids are common in women looking for enlargement. Therefore, let's take a closer look at how you can treat hemorrhoids during pregnancy.

Reasons for the formation of hemorrhoids

Pregnancy is a natural condition for women and as such is not the cause of hemorrhoids. A number of physiological changes in the body create favorable conditions for influencing the rectum.

The reasons for the formation of hemorrhoids in pregnant women are predisposing and provoking.

The predisposing reasons are:

the presence of such a disease in the next of kin;
women over 30 suffer from problems with the walls of the anus in half of all pregnancies.

Provoking reasons

In the list of reasons that provoke inflammation of the veins of the rectum during pregnancy, there are many components. Here are the main ones:

The rapidly growing uterus presses on the pelvic veins. Rectal vessels dilate, stagnation occurs due to impaired blood outflow. Semester 3 is the main period of exacerbation of hemorrhoids, since the child's growth in the uterus is activated.
The growing uterus puts pressure on the intestines, impairing its function and causing frequent bowel problems. Digested food stagnates, hardens, and the rectum and blood vessels are often injured. The result of constipation is the formation of a venous node.
In the early stages of pregnancy, subject to its normal course, a woman remains active and such a delicate problem is not yet familiar to her. In the middle and closer to the due date, the expectant mother rests more and often encounters stagnation in the circulatory system of the legs and the digestive system.
Changes in dietary habits during pregnancy also affect bowel function. Foods with a spicy or salty taste provoke blood flow to the intestines, and their constant use leads to stagnation of lymph and the formation of bumps in the rectum.

Types of hemorrhoids

There are several types of this disease. According to the location of hemorrhoids, internal and external hemorrhoids are distinguished. When the future mother has an external hemorrhoid, its nodes are visible near the anus, periodically there are bleeding. Enlarged veins within the walls of the rectum are called internal hemorrhoids. Determining the internal form of the disease is problematic due to vague symptoms.

Important! According to the course of the disease, hemorrhoids can be chronic or acute.

In its acute form, the disease causes immense discomfort to the pregnant woman and can interfere with a normal pregnancy. The transition of hemorrhoids to an acute form is associated with prolapse and pinching of internal nodes. In this form, serious complications can appear, up to and including inflammation in the small pelvis. The general picture is complemented by an increased temperature and swelling of the perineum.

In the chronic form, the symptoms of hemorrhoids are provoked by external factors, for example, the use of fastening products or physical activity.

Symptoms of pregnant women with hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids is a very delicate disease, but its symptoms cannot be confused with any other disease. In pregnant women, this problem manifests itself as follows:

Feelings that cause discomfort in the anus - pain, burning, itching. The sensations are enhanced by sitting, walking, or light exercise.
The release of hemorrhoids during bowel movements. Often, a pregnant woman feels severe pain at the same time.
External hemorrhoids during pregnancy are accompanied by the release of blood clots during the bowel movement. In severe form, blood can flow out of the anus in a thin stream.

A pregnant woman should never ignore this disease. If you suspect it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor. Diagnosis of the disease is painless and absolutely safe for mom and baby. As a rule, an experienced proctologist will determine the degree of the disease after a visual examination and according to the patient's words.

At the first problematic bowel movement, a pregnant woman should go to the nearest medical institution. During the period of bearing a child, the body of the expectant mother is very vulnerable.

Consequences of hemorrhoids for a pregnant woman

This disease does not pose a direct threat to the mother and fetus. The consequences are much more dangerous.

frequent bleeding from the anus can result in anemia, therefore, insufficient supply of oxygen to the child's body;
during inflammatory processes, toxic substances enter the child's blood and the mother has a high probability of giving birth to an infected baby.

Therefore, if the expectant mother has a hemorrhoid, it is necessary to start treating the problem, after consulting a doctor on how to treat it. An experienced doctor will offer medical treatment, recommend home methods of struggle, select a diet and a set of exercises.

Drug treatment

The tactics of the attending physician and the means of treatment directly depend on the symptoms and form of hemorrhoids in pregnant women. Based on the examination, the patients are divided into 3 groups:

The disease proceeds without pronounced symptoms.
Patients with exacerbation of hemorrhoids, with pronounced symptoms.
Expectant mothers with an external form of the disease, when venous nodes fall out of the anus.

Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy, patients of the first group are shown preventive measures (gymnastics, massage, diet) and pay increased attention to perineal hygiene.

Patients in the acute stage are prescribed conservative treatment. The therapy in this case is local - the doctor prescribes an ointment or suppositories to eliminate discomfort.

The most effective drugs for the treatment of hemorrhoids:

troxevasin is a universal remedy for the treatment of all types of varicose veins, an effective remedy for hemorrhoids for pregnant women;
Relief - the product is available in the form of ointments and suppositories. The active components of the drug are extracted from the liver of a shark, and it can be safely used even in the last stages of pregnancy and during lactation;
sea buckthorn suppositories are prescribed for the speedy healing of damaged walls of the rectum and venous cones;
heparin ointment is a very affordable drug that relieves pain and eliminates blood clots in hemorrhoids.

Use only the drugs that your doctor has selected for you. Do not risk your health and the health of the unborn child.

The third group of patients in whom a severe form with prolapse of venous nodes and frequent bleeding requires removal of hemorrhoids. Modern medicine allows you to do this without surgery, using a laser or sclerotherapy. If the patient's condition is alleviated by drugs, the operation is performed after pregnancy.

Alternative medicine for the treatment of hemorrhoids

Many expectant mothers use a complex fight against this delicate problem. Treatment at home is easier for a woman to tolerate on a psychological level. Traditional medicine can be combined with medications.

Herbal preparations interact with the components of medicines, cause side reactions or be dangerous to the health of the child. Be sure to check with your doctor before preparing your favorite recipe.

There are the following types of herbal therapy for hemorrhoids - infusions and teas for oral administration, external agents, various baths.

Oral preparations

A tablespoon of lungwort is brewed with a glass of boiling water and insisted for half an hour. The filtered drink is taken by a sip before meals.

The juice of ordinary mountain ash effectively fights the symptoms of hemorrhoids. During the month, you need to drink 100 grams of freshly squeezed juice daily, dividing the portion into 2 doses.

External remedies

You can apply:

to ease the manifestation of hemorrhoids, you can use sea buckthorn oil. They can be used to lubricate disturbing bumps;
candles made from ordinary potatoes are inserted into the anus during sleep;
cold lotions are very effective in reducing discomfort and reducing venous nodes. To do this, a clean piece of cloth is moistened in cool water or an infusion of chamomile flowers and applied to the sore spot several times a day.

Sitting baths

Local baths are good at eliminating irritation in the perineal area.

Before taking the bath, it is necessary to prepare an infusion based on medicinal herbs. To do this, chamomile, nettle and plantain must be mixed in equal parts. 20 grams of the resulting mixture is kept in a thermos for at least 2 hours, pouring 2 liters of boiling water. The resulting infusion is filtered, diluted with 3 liters of warm water. The water temperature should not be very hot. The procedure is performed for 5-10 minutes throughout the week.

The effect of treatment with folk remedies does not come immediately, but only after 2-4 weeks.

Prevention of hemorrhoids

To prevent the appearance of hemorrhoidal formations in the rectum during pregnancy, a gynecologist observing a woman can prescribe a set of preventive measures. Heredity and age cannot be changed. But, a special diet and an active lifestyle will quite cope with this task.

Diet of a pregnant woman for prevention

To prevent stagnation of blood and the formation of lumps in the rectum, first of all, it is necessary to normalize the work of the digestive system. The diet can easily cope with this task.

What foods should be consumed to normalize the stool:

broccoli, cauliflower, carrots, red beets, potatoes;
apples, raisins, dried apricots, prunes;
cereal porridge - barley and oatmeal cleanse the intestines well;
honey is a natural antiseptic.

List of foods that provoke constipation:

alcohol and fatty foods;
spicy and spicy foods, canned foods;
legumes and unripe fruits;
dairy products with high fat content and rich pastries.

Prevention of hemorrhoids in pregnant women is to add activity to the usual life. To do this, doctors advise you to perform certain exercises.

Morning exercises for pregnant women to prevent hemorrhoids

Stand on a warm floor, place your feet shoulder-width apart, and straighten your arms near your chest. While inhaling, alternately turn your torso to the right and left, trying to stretch the corresponding arm as far as possible. When returning to the starting position, exhale. Do the exercise 5 times in each direction.
Sit on the rug with your palms on the surface behind you. Bend your legs at the knee joints and straighten very smoothly without lifting your heels off the floor. Repeat 5 times.
Do the swinging to the sides while sitting on the mat with your legs tightly pressed. You can put your other hand on your stomach. Make at least 5 bends. The 3rd trimester is not recommended for this exercise.
Lie on your right side on the floor with your head resting on your hand for comfort. Holding your bent left leg with your hand, gently pull to your stomach and exhale. Repeat the movement at least 8 times. Roll over to the left side and repeat with the other leg. You can do the exercise in the first and second trimester of pregnancy.
This cell can be used in a charge for up to 39 weeks. Sit in a comfortable chair with your right hand out to the side. Bend the opposite leg at the knee and gently lift, trying to touch the inner thigh to your tummy. Perform 5-10 times for each leg.

When exercising during pregnancy, pay attention to how you feel and how you feel. If discomfort or pain occurs, stop immediately and rest.

The formation of hemorrhoids after childbirth

Cases when venous cones form in a woman after childbirth are very common. They usually arise from strong attempts during the labor process or the weakening of intestinal tone against the background of changes in hormonal levels is to blame.

The stages of the disease, preventive measures and methods of treatment are the same as during pregnancy.

Pregnancy is a very important period in a woman's life. Physiological and hormonal processes in the body can present a nuisance in the form of hemorrhoids. What to do in such a situation? The main thing is not to give up and not self-medicate.

Hemorrhoids during pregnancy are so common that prevention of hemorrhoids should be started in the early stages of every expectant mother. Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is difficult: firstly, not all drugs and methods can be used during pregnancy, and secondly, therapy should be as effective as possible, since even the initial stages of hemorrhoids can not only cause inconvenience and discomfort, but also affect health women and fetus. Thirdly, hemorrhoids untreated before delivery during delivery can be significantly aggravated, especially during the period of attempts. And after childbirth, this delicate problem gives mothers inconvenience both in the process of defecation due to a combination with some intestinal atony, and when carrying the baby in her arms: lifting even minor weights can cause pain and bleeding. What are the reasons for the development of the disease during pregnancy, how to avoid it, and what are the treatment methods for pregnant women?

Hemorrhoids during pregnancy: causes of the development of the disease

According to statistics, hemorrhoids develop in almost 70% of women during gestation, and if we talk about the ratio of the presence of a diagnosis between women who have given birth and who have not given birth, then there are five mothers per woman without children.
At the same time, the process of natural childbirth with its period of attempts is often blamed for the development of hemorrhoids. However, mothers who have undergone a caesarean section also suffer from an exacerbation of the disease. And childbirth itself is not the cause of the development of pathology, but only a factor in which the existing disease with latent, not pronounced symptoms is exacerbated.

The reasons for the incidence of hemorrhoids during pregnancy are associated with both the physiological characteristics of the body and insufficient prevention of the disease. The onset of the disease can be detected at different stages of gestation: in the first trimester of pregnancy, and in the second, and immediately before childbirth.

The provocateurs of the development of the disease during gestation are:

changing hormonal levels of the body. High levels of the hormone progesterone have a relaxing effect on the walls of blood vessels and smooth muscles;
increased intra-abdominal pressure, when the growing uterus and fetus press on the surrounding organs, slowing down the movement of feces in the lower intestines and affecting the blood flow rate;
difficult bowel movements, constipation before and during gestation. Stretched rectal walls can hardly cope with the movement of contents;
overweight, insufficient physical activity, unbalanced diet, rich in fast carbohydrates, etc.

Some factors affecting the development of hemorrhoids are physiological and cannot be changed. However, given these data, it is necessary to be more careful about the presence of others: excess weight, physical inactivity, malnutrition, intestinal dysfunction. It is the combination of gestational factors and those that can be avoided that is often the cause of the onset of hemorrhoids.
An additional condition that increases the risks of the disease is the long-term use of hormonal contraceptives before conception: such drugs for the most part have a negative effect on the vascular walls and can also become factors in the provocation of hemorrhoids.
Hemorrhoids is a disease, the prevention of which is proper nutrition, which contributes to the timely cleansing of the intestines, physical activity, hygiene of the anus.

Does a pregnant woman need to be treated for hemorrhoids?

Pregnancy is a special period when expectant mothers prefer to do without unnecessary medical intervention, limiting themselves to the recommendations of a gynecologist. Treatment of hemorrhoids is often postponed until after childbirth, which is highly undesirable. Why?

The disease can be accompanied by hidden internal bleeding, which causes anemia - a condition that is dangerous for both the pregnant woman and the fetus.
Untreated hemorrhoids can progress during childbirth with any method of delivery, moving to stages in which local therapy is no longer necessary.
After giving birth, mature mothers have much more worries, and caring for a child not only leaves no time for taking care of their health, but can also aggravate the course of the disease, as well as the peculiarities of the body's functioning in the recovery period.

It is possible to treat with a large selection of drugs and techniques, this is a fact. However, often those stages that could be stopped in a pregnant woman with local therapy after the birth of a child require a longer and more intensive course. The chronic course of hemorrhoids often begins after childbirth when the pregnant woman refuses treatment during gestation: the visit to the doctor is postponed, and the disease turns into a long, intractable form.

Stages of development of hemorrhoids

There are four stages of the disease:

at first, the pregnant woman experiences discomfort during the act of defecation, pain is possible, bowel emptying is difficult. This stage may be accompanied by visible bleeding. Hemorrhoids are present, but often only visible on examination by a specialist. Loss of nodes is possible with strong straining, but they adjust on their own. This stage is often ignored and not perceived as a disease;
in the second stage, a sensation of itching in the anus, heaviness, pulling pain that can radiate to the lumbar region, sacrum is added to the symptom complex;
the third stage of hemorrhoids is characterized by increased pain, discharge. Hemorrhoids of the second degree fall out when visiting the toilet, physical effort, lifting weights, with the development of the disease, prolapse of the nodes is accompanied by even a slight increase in intra-abdominal pressure when sneezing, coughing. The knots are set only manually, without being pulled in on their own;
at the fourth, most dangerous stage, the nodes do not reposition, which threatens with tissue necrosis. As a rule, this stage is accompanied by severe pain, vein thrombosis and massive bleeding.

Hemorrhoid therapy at different stages of gestation

Hemorrhoids, depending on the stage of the disease, can be treated with both medications and surgical methods. The choice of therapy should be entrusted to a specialist: based on the diagnosis and gestational age, he will select the best option.
The drugs recommended for the treatment of hemorrhoids in a pregnant woman include:

in the first trimester and throughout pregnancy, suppositories with sea buckthorn oil, suppositories and Relief ointment can be used. However, it is worth remembering that in the second and further stages of the disease, these drugs are effective only as part of complex therapy;
Hepatrombin G in the form of rectal suppositories, ointments, gel can be used starting from the second trimester. This drug is also recommended in preparation for surgical therapy;
Neo-Anusole in the form of rectal suppositories is allowed throughout the entire gestation period if the patient does not have thyroid pathologies.

As a systemic therapy, a specialist may prescribe Ascorutin, Troxevasin and other drugs that improve the condition of the vascular walls. It is worth remembering that pregnant women are categorically prohibited from medications containing belladonna extract, which are present in some suppositories, and some of the drugs are recommended for use only during certain periods of gestation.
Hemorrhoids of the second and third stages in most cases lend themselves to conservative treatment, although surgery is often optimal. Pregnancy is not a contraindication for such non-surgical treatment methods as:

sclerotherapy, the introduction of sclerosing drugs into the hemorrhoid node. The technique does not require a hospital stay and has a fast rehabilitation period;
ligation of the inner knot with latex rings. The technique is minimally invasive and does not harm either the mother or the child during pregnancy;
coagulation of the tissues of the node using infrared radiation or a laser beam also refers to procedures that are safe for expectant mothers.

Haemorrhoids is a disease associated with expansion, increase in size, change in anatomy and dysfunction of hemorrhoidal vessels.

Hemorrhoidal vessels are located in the anal canal and perianal region. Normally, every person has hemorrhoids, but they are very small and invisible.

Hemorrhoidal vessels begin to change pathologically for certain reasons.

Basic:

Low physical activity.
Prolonged sitting or standing.
Excessive stress with constipation (causes of constipation, lack of fluid and fiber in the diet, alcohol abuse).

The reasons for the manifestation of hemorrhoids during pregnancy are increased intra-abdominal pressure and hormonal factors.

The main symptoms: bleeding, prolapse of internal nodes, pain, induration and discomfort in the anus, itching, discharge from the anus.

There are 4 stages of chronic hemorrhoids

Discomfort and bleeding during bowel movements is episodic, there is no loss of nodes.
Symptoms are the same as in stage 1, but periodic loss of nodes appears. In this case, the nodes are adjusted on their own, mucous discharge, oozing, itching appear.
Symptoms are the same as in stage 2, but the knots that have fallen out cannot be adjusted on their own - manual reduction is required.
Increased bleeding, pain, occasionally - insufficiency of the anal sphincter, pronounced oozing and itching, permanent loss of nodes, reduction of nodes is impossible.

As a rule, an increase in hemorrhoids is a rather long process. Sometimes it takes 5-10 years, or even more, for hemorrhoids to reach stage 3 or 4. A special group includes hemorrhoids in pregnant women.

Most often, hemorrhoids occur in the second half of pregnancy in full health, and in women who initially suffer from hemorrhoids, the symptoms worsen markedly. The reasons for the manifestation of hemorrhoids during pregnancy are increased intra-abdominal pressure and hormonal factors.

According to statistics, during pregnancy, hemorrhoids are exacerbated in almost half of the women suffering from this disease. The reason is that with the growth of the fetus, the uterus increases, the maternal organs and tissues located in this area are compressed, mainly the venous plexuses and iliac veins, most maximally when the baby's head passes through the small pelvis during childbirth.

The venous outflow from the legs and hemorrhoidal plexuses is disturbed, the stagnation of blood in the veins of the small pelvis increases. Hemorrhoids swell and become denser.

During the birth itself, the nodes leave the anal canal, acquire a red or cyanotic color. In the postpartum period, intra-abdominal pressure decreases, the pressure on the venous plexus also decreases, the amount of blood inside the hemorrhoids decreases sharply.

With rapid labor or excessive attempts, there is a rupture of hemorrhoids with significant bleeding or multiple thrombosis, often turning into necrosis.

Acute hemorrhoids in pregnant women

In case of violation of the stool (more often constipation), lifting weights or prolonged sitting, an exacerbation may occur, which is understood as the rupture of small hemorrhoidal vessels inside the node with the subsequent formation of a blood clot. Depending on the caliber of the vessel and the associated inflammation, 3 degrees are distinguished:

I degree. The appearance of a limited isolated node, small up to 1.5 cm in diameter, little or no soreness, sometimes complemented by itching and burning in the anus, a feeling of a foreign body.

II degree. Hemorrhoids are larger, hyperemic, indurated, edematous, and significantly painful to the touch. Often, the swelling extends to areas around the anus. Sitting and bowel movements are painful.

III degree. Swelling and redness are pronounced and extend to the entire anus, from which large cyanotic internal hemorrhoids protrude. Spasm of the anal sphincter is often present. Due to the pain syndrome, it is difficult to urinate. Inflammation can turn into necrosis, blackening of hemorrhoidal tissue with subsequent rejection and bleeding, during this period an infection can join with the formation of paraproctitis - inflammation of the peri-rectal subcutaneous tissue.

Simple Rules for Relieving Symptoms of Hemorrhoids

Drink plenty of water at least 1.5-2 liters per day.
Follow a diet, avoid food that can cause local irritation (spicy food, alcohol, coffee), eat less starchy foods. Vegetables and fruits should be in the diet every day.
Go to the toilet at the same time, for example, after drinking a large glass of water in the morning after sleep.
Strive for regular soft stools, avoid prolonged excessive straining during bowel movements.
Beware of prolonged overheating (in the sun, in a bath, sauna).
Rinse with cool water, avoiding products that can cause irritation.
Avoid sitting for a long time, move regularly, do gymnastics, walking, swimming. Try not to lift weights.

Preparations for hemorrhoids during pregnancy

There are a lot of drugs for the prevention and treatment of hemorrhoids, I cite those that have proven their effectiveness in practice, no side effects have ever been observed.

DETRALEX- possesses venotonic and angioprotective properties. The drug reduces the elasticity of veins and venous stasis, reduces capillary permeability and increases their resistance. The prophylactic dose is 1, and it is better if 2 tablets a day. For acute hemorrhoids, up to 6 tablets per day (according to the scheme). The only drawback is that the drug is not cheap.

PROCTOGLIVENOL- a combined preparation produced in the form of ointment bases and rectal suppositories. It reduces capillary permeability, improves microcirculation, increases venous tone, has anti-inflammatory activity, and has a pronounced analgesic effect.

GEPATROMBIN-G available in the form of ointments, gel and suppositories. It has a pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. Effectively participates in the lysis of blood clots in hemorrhoids during an acute process.

When any qualitative changes in the state of health appear for the first time, whether it is the discharge of blood or mucus from the anus, painful bowel movements, the presence of incomprehensible formations, a feeling of incomplete emptying, and the like, it is necessary to see a specialist. Because with similar symptoms of hemorrhoids, there can be more formidable diseases, up to rectal cancer.

In pregnant women, hemorrhoids very often and its symptoms are transient due to changes in anatomy and physiology, that is, after childbirth, after a while, which is required to restore the mother's body, all symptoms disappear. Therefore, do not worry too much, enjoy motherhood. Any reliable conclusions and diagnosis will become competent when at least 6 months, or even a year, have passed after childbirth.

Surgical treatment for pregnant or lactating women is carried out in exceptional cases, only with a threat to life or serious complications.

Grade 3 hemorrhoidal thrombosis is a contraindication for natural delivery.

Hemorrhoids are not uncommon in pregnant women. Less than 8% of non-pregnant women suffer from it, more than 25% of pregnant women and almost 50% of those who have just given birth. At the same time, popular rumor believes that hemorrhoids are almost a normal condition of a pregnant woman, and therefore many women are in no hurry to tell the doctor about their problem. However, an advanced disease can cause a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin (anemia), diseases of the musculoskeletal system such as arthritis, chronic inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system. How is hemorrhoids treated during pregnancy?

The severity of the disease depends on its degree and the progression only complicates the treatment. So, if the first asymptomatic in pregnant women can be cured only by dietary correction, regular exercise and a hygienic regimen, then in the later stages, combined drug treatment, minimally invasive procedures, and even a real surgical operation are necessary.

Even if a woman is diagnosed with the initial degree of development of the disease, she does not need it yet. At an early stage, the same methods will be effective as for prevention: with the help of proper nutrition and hygiene of the anus.

This treatment is carried out at home and gives excellent results. In addition, a pregnant woman, especially one who is already on maternity leave, should not lie and sit a lot. A moderately active lifestyle is required: walks, gymnastics.

Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy at the 2nd stage

You cannot do without drugs that are used in a complex, that is, both outside and inside.

Outside, candles, ointments, gels, creams are most often used, which have anti-inflammatory, laxative, vasoconstrictor and analgesic properties. You cannot use them on your own, especially for a pregnant woman, therefore consultation and appointment of a doctor is required.

Pregnant women are primarily treated with topical medications, since they do not negatively affect the fetus, which increases the effectiveness of treatment.

They are made on the basis of cocoa butter or lanolin. Also, local anesthetics (novocaine, benzocaine, anesthesin) are added to their composition for quick pain relief.

To relieve inflammation, glucocorticoid hormones are used topically - prednisolone, which also reduces the burning sensation and itching. However, such drugs are contraindicated if there are fungal, viral and other infectious lesions of the rectum.

Rectal suppositories are inserted into the rectum after a bowel movement. The candle is inserted warm, lying on its side, holding it for a couple of minutes in the anal canal to dissolve. The ointment is applied after a hygienic shower in a thin layer 3-4 times a day.

Local agents containing heparin are widely used. They are especially preferred, but contraindicated in case of a violation of the blood coagulation system.

For spasm of the sphincter of the anus, suppositories with diphenhydramine are used, and preparations of shark liver, vitamin A, sea buckthorn oil are used to accelerate healing.

In many medicines, basic therapeutic ones are combined. So, the composition of ultraproct, anestezol, proctoglyvenol includes astringent and anti-inflammatory components and anesthetic. Hepatrombin G contains prednisone, anesthetic and heparin. Relief Advance contains shark liver oil and benzocaine anesthetic.

During pregnancy, some local remedies are still contraindicated. These are anusole and bellatamine candles, which contain belladonna extract. Their use can provoke abortion.

Systemic drugs are prescribed in the form of capsules and tablets. More often these are the so-called vetotonics - means that increase the tone and strengthen the vein wall. They are used in courses of 2-3 weeks. Detralex is considered the most effective.

Hemorrhoids are also treated with drugs from other pharmaceutical groups:

troxerutin (troxevasin),
ginkor forte,
chime,
pentoxifylline and even aspirin.

All these drugs are allowed to be used during pregnancy. To facilitate bowel movements and reduce straining, laxatives are used:

forlax,
prelax,
regulax,
duphalac.

During pregnancy, the use of laxatives such as drugs is contraindicated:

buckthorns,
senna,
bisacodyl,
phenolphthalein

These medications can cause the uterus to tone up.

Late stage

Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy at the last stage of the disease is already underway. However, for a pregnant woman, the operation will be postponed until delivery, or rather, after another couple of months. Before that, drugs will be prescribed that will temporarily help reduce the manifestation of the disease and relieve pain symptoms.

Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids is prescribed only in cases where a woman already has a prolapse of hemorrhoids, which can no longer be adjusted into the rectal lumen. Also, the operation is necessary in the presence of acute complications: his infringement, acute inflammation.

Emergency hospitalization is necessary for necrosis and infringement of fallen hemorrhoids, profuse bleeding. Such patients undergo (bloodless) surgery or hemorrhoidectomy (excision of nodes).

The cost of such an operation in a paid clinic reaches 30 thousand rubles. It includes hospitalization for several days, the cost of disposable TGD instruments, anesthesia, standard examinations before surgery, medications, and the operation itself. More gentle procedures are:

sclerosing injections,
ligation,
and infrared photocoagulation.

Folk remedies for the treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy

There are cases when medications do not help or it is not possible to consult a doctor on time. Then you can try home treatment with folk methods.

The candle can be placed by shaving it out of a raw potato. Such a candle is put on all night. Also put on aspen leaves for a couple of hours.

Also popular are tampons dipped in celandine juice, which are placed in the anus and hold from 30 minutes to an hour. One of the most popular medicines for hemorrhoids is sea buckthorn oil. You can buy it or make it yourself.

For treatment, compresses of gauze soaked in oil are used, changing them 3-4 times a day and leaving overnight. You can also enhance the effect by consuming the oil internally. A tablespoon of oil on an empty stomach is taken half an hour before breakfast.

Prevention of the occurrence of hemorrhoids in pregnant women

This disease is much easier to prevent than to cure. And since all pregnant women are at risk for hemorrhoids, they need to take preventive measures throughout pregnancy without waiting for the onset of symptoms of the disease.

The first preventive measure is stool normalization. Pregnant women almost universally suffer from constipation, which leads to the development of hemorrhoids. Therefore, the elimination of constipation gives almost one hundred percent guarantee that a woman will not get sick with hemorrhoids.

Constipation must be fought with proper nutrition. The diet should contain a lot of foods containing coarse vegetable fiber (cereals, fruits, vegetables, cereals, prunes). Fermented milk products also have a beneficial effect on the digestion process:

kefir,
curdled milk
cottage cheese.

The development of constipation is caused by foods rich in protein, primarily meat, as well as an excess of fat, flour, hot seasonings, and coffee. You also need to drink up to 1.5 liters of raw water per day.

The second important factor in the prevention of hemorrhoids in pregnant women is timely hygienic care. The area of the anus and perineum must be washed after each act of bowel movement. In addition, once a day sessile baths with antiseptics (a weak solution of potassium permanganate, chamomile infusion, and others) will be useful. It is important for a pregnant woman not to strain during bowel movements and give up prolonged work in a sitting and standing position, and if this is not possible, you need to take breaks more often and change body position.

Exercises for prevention

There is also a special therapeutic gymnastics, which is aimed at increasing the tone of the muscles of the abdominal wall and anal region, improving the function of the large intestine, and reducing congestion in the veins of the small pelvis. Two, and preferably three times a day for 5-7 minutes, it is necessary to do the following exercises (of course, taking into account the state of health):

swinging movements alternately with the left and right legs backward, forward, to the side;
walking with high lifting of the legs bent at the knees;
side bends;
toe squats with wide apart knees;
tension of the buttocks, at which it is necessary to retract the anus (this position must be held for up to 10 seconds).

Hemorrhoids often occur during childbirth and after childbirth. The causes of the disease are anatomical changes in the woman's body and a number of other factors. Let us analyze why hemorrhoids occur in pregnant women, methods of treatment and prevention.

Causes of hemorrhoids in pregnant women

Women in position are at risk of developing hemorrhoids, since they have a very high probability of developing this unpleasant disease. And this happens so often that many believe that there can be no pregnancy without hemorrhoids. Usually hemorrhoids begin to make themselves felt in the second half of pregnancy, from 20-24 weeks.

Factors contributing to the appearance of hemorrhoids:

Changing food preferences, eating "for two". During this period, you should eat only natural foods rich in minerals, vitamins and fiber. It is fiber that contributes to the normal functioning of the intestines, preventing the appearance of constipation.
Rapid growth and weight gain by a child, an increase in the size of the uterus, which begins to squeeze the organs located in the small pelvis. The rectum is pressed against the pelvis and the spinal column, the intestinal activity is disrupted, which leads to constipation and the formation of hemorrhoids.
Blood vessels also experience pressure from the uterus and accumulated stool, which makes it difficult for venous drainage and contributes to varicose veins.
Hemorrhoids in pregnant women can be complicated by the formation of blood clots, which can lead to.
Decreased physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, which contributes to the onset of venous insufficiency. Prolonged sitting negatively affects the musculo-ligamentous support, thereby contributing to the loss of nodes.
Prolonged standing on the legs, which increases the blood pressure in the lower extremities and its congestion in the veins, thereby reducing the elasticity of the vessel walls.

Signs and symptoms of hemorrhoids in pregnant women

During this period, they are no different from:

The appearance of blood after a bowel movement on toilet paper or on the walls of the toilet bowl (characteristic of the later stages of the disease)
Streaks of blood in the feces
Pain, itching, and irritation of the anus
Inflammation and prolapse of hemorrhoids
With internal hemorrhoids, a foreign object is felt in the anus

These signs and symptoms can vary in intensity, increasing as the disease progresses.

Development of hemorrhoids

The negative factors described above cause the expansion of the blood vessels of the rectum (hemorrhoidal plexus). As the end of pregnancy approaches, the stretching of the veins increases, their walls lose elasticity, which leads to the appearance of protrusions.

From this moment, the first stage of development is assigned to hemorrhoids, in which the nodes are in the lumen of the rectum, without falling out of the anus. As the disease progresses, the hemorrhoids enlarge and fall out of the anus. Similar processes are characteristic of the disease in the second stage, and their difference from the last stage of hemorrhoids is independent or manual reduction into the anus.

Such processes are accompanied by increased pain, itching, and increased bleeding. If left untreated, blood loss can lead to anemia.

How to treat hemorrhoids in pregnant women

During this period, only a doctor should prescribe treatment, since self-medication can harm the child.

Having come to an appointment with a specialist, first of all, diagnostics are carried out, which includes:

Patient interview
Clarification of bothersome symptoms
Finger examination
Instrumental research
Examination of blood tests

Based on the results obtained and, the doctor prescribes the necessary treatment. Most often, drug therapy or folk remedies for hemorrhoids are prescribed, which will help relieve pain and reduce discomfort.

Direct elimination of hemorrhoids (by minimally invasive or surgical methods) is best transferred to the postpartum period, since any interventions can harm the baby.

Treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant women

It depends on the stage of the disease. The initial (asymptomatic) stage is quite effectively treated by adjusting the diet, lifestyle changes and hygiene procedures.

The following recommendations should be followed to prevent the onset of the disease:

Stool normalization as a way to avoid constipation. Since hemorrhoids in pregnant women often occur due to thickening of feces, as a preventive measure, you need to pay attention to the diet, including foods containing fiber (cereals, fruits, vegetables, prunes, cereals). Meat, fatty and spicy dishes, coffee are not recommended. Lactic acid foods will help digestion.
Hygiene of the anus, which is an important way to prevent hemorrhoids. To this end, you should wash the anus after each emptying, use toilet paper only in extreme cases.
Do not sit in one place, walk more in the fresh air.
Avoid hypothermia and do not sit on a cold surface.

If symptoms characteristic of hemorrhoids (bleeding, pain and itching) appear, various medications of local and systemic action are added to the mandatory preventive measures.

As a rule, topical remedies for hemorrhoids are used for pregnant women in order to minimize the effect of drugs on the child's body:

Heparin ointment that eliminates inflammation and hematomas.
Vishnevsky ointment with a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Before using it, it is necessary to do baths with a solution of potassium permanganate for 3 days, and only after that lubricate the anus.
Homeopathic hemorrhoid ointment for pregnant women is most preferable, since its action is based on the use of vegetable oils.
Posterisan, which has regenerating properties, due to which accelerates the healing of cracks, wounds, and increases immunity.
Various will eliminate pain, itching and discomfort in the anus. Softening the feces, prevent constipation, heal the damaged rectal mucosa.

Folk remedies are no less effective for hemorrhoids:

Garlic with vegetable oil. To obtain a remedy, it is necessary to boil several cloves of garlic in oil until they are completely charred, then grind and lubricate the anus with the resulting mixture before going to bed.
A decoction of chamomile, celandine and St. John's wort, taken in a 1: 1: 1 ratio, is poured with a small amount of water and, after cooling, is used as lotions.
Mix honey with cinnamon in a 1: 1 ratio and lubricate the anus, after washing it with laundry soap.

Despite the fact that they are safe during pregnancy, you should consult your doctor before using them. This is due to the uniqueness of each case of bearing a child and the body's reaction to various medications, therefore, the same remedy can both help and harm the mother and the baby.

Treatment of advanced hemorrhoids involves the use of surgical techniques. But, as a rule, they are resorted to after childbirth.

The exceptions are the following complications:

Pinching the knot
Acute inflammation
The death of the node, etc.

Thus, if hemorrhoids appear in pregnant women, the doctor should tell what to do in this case, since during this period there are a number of restrictions, taking into account which, the baby will not be harmed during the treatment of the expectant mother.