Sentences with onomatopoeic words. Onomatopoeic words. Index of words to the section “Punctuation. Groups of coordinating conjunctions

How are the offers different? Of course, they can be simple or complex. They can even consist of one word. Each time, adding words together, we make up a sentence for a specific purpose and put a certain meaning into it. Thus, the proposal finds its own. According to this criterion, sentences are divided into narrative, incentive and interrogative. In addition, sentences also have different emotional connotations. How is the purpose of the statement related to emotional coloring? Let's deal with everything in order.

An example of declarative sentences in Russian

Declarative sentences are used very often in everyday speech. They talk about something, simply When a person shares some events that have occurred, in the course of the story he makes up narrative sentences. In writing, they usually end with a dot. But other punctuation marks are also possible, but more on that in another paragraph. Consider an example of declarative sentences:

We were in Park. The day was sunny and warm. We bought ice cream and walked along the shady alleys.

From this example of declarative sentences, it can be seen that this type is used to tell about some events and facts. Such sentences are often found in everyday speech and in literature. It is worth opening any work of art, and you can find many examples of narrative sentences.

Incentives

Incentive sentences are used when you need to ask for something or even order. That is, to encourage the listener to do something. Examples:

Bring me some water, please. Call me when you arrive. Do it immediately!

Interrogative sentences

This is the third and last type of sentence for the purpose of the statement. Already from the name it is clear that interrogative sentences are used when you need to ask about something or get certain information. Examples:

How much does it cost? When should I call? How many apples to buy?

This type of sentence ends with a question mark.

However, it does not always express a direct question requiring an answer. This category also includes rhetorical questions that are asked with a bit of irony and do not need an answer.

Suggestions for emotional coloring

According to this criterion, sentences are divided into two types: exclamatory and non-exclamatory.

In the end exclamatory sentences it is put on the letter. It shows that when reading it is necessary to put some emotions into the voice, greater expressiveness and brightness.

Non-exclamatory sentences imply that the phrase does not have any overt emotional overtones. Such sentences are pronounced quite calmly and neutrally. They usually end with a dot.

It is worth noting that all types of sentences according to the purpose of the statement can be exclamatory in emotional coloring.

exclamatory

Sentences with different purposes can also express different emotions. Consider an example of a declarative exclamatory sentence:

Today was such a good day!

There is an exclamation point at the end of this sentence. It becomes clear that when reading aloud, certain emotions must be invested in this phrase. And since this sentence tells about some event, it must be attributed to the type of narrative. If there was a period at the end of the sentence, then it would be non-exclamatory, and would be pronounced with a more neutral intonation:

Today was such a good day.

A sentence acquires a certain emotional coloring not only due to the exclamation point, but also due to a certain vocabulary. For example, the use of interjections, some types of adjectives and adverbs adds more emotion. Compare:

Today is a good day./Ah, today is just an amazing day!

An incentive sentence can also be an exclamatory sentence. Compare:

Bring me a book, please. / Bring me some water soon!

In this case, certain vocabulary can also add emotional coloring. Also, the tone of the statement matters. A simple request sounds more neutral than an order.

And, of course, an interrogative sentence can also be an exclamatory sentence. Example:

Will I be able to do it? / Well, how can I do it all?!

In this case, vocabulary also plays a significant role. Moreover, it is worth noting that in interrogative sentences, an exclamation mark is placed after the question mark, because the sentence, first of all, expresses a certain question.

Let's make a short summary. Sentences according to the purpose of the statement are divided into three types. On emotional coloring - on two. On the examples of declarative sentences, incentive and interrogative, it became clear that the emotional coloring depends on the choice of vocabulary and certain punctuation marks. All types of sentences, according to their purpose of expression, can be both exclamatory and non-exclamatory.

whether there are sentences with highlighted words. Check yourself in the spelling dictionary. 3. Explain the lexical meaning of the word ramrod. In case of difficulty, refer to the explanatory dictionary of the textbook.

1) In which sentence are all the underlined words written separately?

1. (NOT) IT WOULD (WOULD) be BAD to go to the lake.
2. (NOT) LOOKING at the strong wind, I (NOT) FELT cold.
3. EVERYTHING (THIS) (DO NOT) WANT to stay at home in such heat.
4. The skin on his cheeks is (NOT) HEALTHY, (AS) AS if he had not slept all his life.
2) In which sentence are both underlined words written separately?
Choose one of the answer options:
1. If (DURING) TIME you don’t stop, (ON) WASTE you will waste time.
2. Kashtanka ran (B) BACK and (B) FORWARD and did not find the owner.
3. (FROM) THE BEGINNING tourists made a trip plan, and (FOR) THAT began to pack.
4. The old man said that (NOT) ONE hare (NOT) WILL CLIMB there.
3) In which sentence are both underlined words spelled together?
Choose one of the answer options:
1. AS (SAME) powerfully, as in (B) TOP, eucalyptus trees grow in thickness.
2. Having agreed (ON) THE ACCOUNT of tomorrow's trip, the guys still (B) FOR an hour discussed all the details.
3. Snow in Norilsk melts only (B) at the beginning of June, and at the end of September it falls (B) NEW.
4. (NOT) DESPITE the fact that the baskets were already filled with mushrooms (UP TO) THE TOP, we continued to look under each bush.
4) In which sentence are all the underlined words written together?
Choose one of the answer options:
1. (FOR) THEN he stood up and (NOT) LEAPO waved both hands.
2. Apparently, he (NOT) WELL HEALTH, (FOR) THIS, he remained seated.
3. Maxim was (NOT) ALLOWED to leave even (IN) THE FORM of an exception.
4. In this (NOT) SIMPLE case (NOT) EVERYTHING is clear.
5) In which sentence are both underlined words written together?
Choose one of the answer options:
1. The vocation of the poet is to create for eternity, (FOR) THIS is why he is “his own highest court”, (FOR) AS only a few can appreciate his creations.
2. The student chose this topic of the essay in order to get to know the history of music better, and DURING a month he studied the books received in the library.
3. I want to talk to you (IN) ABOUT the apartment, (IN) CONNECTION with which I ask you to pay a little attention to me.
4. (NOT) DESPITE the fact that most of Zhukovsky's poems are translated, in them we EVERYTHING (SAME) see the Russian landscape.
6) In which sentence are both underlined words written together?
Choose one of the answer options:
1. The sky was frowning SO (SAME) as yesterday, the sea was stormy, (FOR) THIS boat trip had to be postponed.
2. (AND) SO, let's summarize everything that has been said: the forest is our healer, our wealth and, (ON) THE END, the best outfit of the earth.
3. It was necessary to wait for Semyonov at all costs, (BECAUSE) because his arrival decided a lot.
4. (B) DURING last summer I had to live in an old manor near Moscow, (IN) THAT it did not look like ordinary estates.
7) In which sentence are all the underlined words written together?
Choose one of the answer options:
1. (IN) CONSEQUENCE (UN)VERIFIED facts were refuted.
2. NOT TO BE (WOULD) be happy, yes (NOT) HAPPINESS helped.
3. Variants of the chapters of the book are so (NOT) ANYONE and (NOT) PUBLISHED.
4. He went (TO) MEETING with Tanya, (NOT) LOOKING at the obstacles.
8) In which sentence are both underlined words written together?
Choose one of the answer options:
1. (AT) THE BEGINNING Chaliapin (ON) LITTLE learned the part of Boris Godunov from Mussorgsky's opera of the same name.
2. Shades of the stained-glass window change (ON) THROUGHOUT the day and in different time year, (FOR) BECAUSE that light and color in this art form are inextricably linked.
3. (CO)TIME, P. M. Tretyakov’s collecting became systematic: he bought up old art objects from antique dealers and private collectors AS (SAME) consistently as modern ones.
4. (C) FOR a long time in the gardens of the Ancient East along all the paths grooves with rose water were made, THAT (WOULD) the evaporating smell of a rose accompanied visitors even in the air.
9) In which sentence are both underlined words written together?
Choose one of the answer options:
1. (B) DURING the day M.V. Lomonosov observed the passage of Venus across the solar disk and (IN) AFTERNOON published his findings in a special paper.
2. (B) CONSEQUENCE of the fact that the work of electric potential forces does not depend on the shape of the path of a unit charge, one and THEN (SAME) voltage appears on each of the parallel-connected conductors.
3. It is not possible to see the figure of the prodigal son in the picture, his face is almost invisible, but (B) FOLLOWING him we mentally fall to our knees and ALSO (SAME) experience the meeting with the father, like the returned son.
4. In response to strong arguments, the doctor agreed to be my second; I gave him SO (SAME) a few instructions (ON) ACCOUNT of the conditions of the duel

1. In which sentence is NOT written separately with the word?

1) A flock of geese, having heard the cry of a wounded bird, for a moment (immobilely) hung in the air, and then began to rapidly decline.
2) In the evenings, the lamps burned brightly and the old samovar sang and sang his (not) tricky song.
3) Roman thought with pleasure that he had to continue the work (not) finished yesterday.
4) In all the movements of the young mechanic, some kind of (un)confidence was felt.

2. In which sentence is NOT written separately with the word?
1) A visit to the Tretyakov Gallery left an (un)forgettable impression.
2) Sergey happened to hear a lot of reviews about this strange person, (not) doing him honor.
3) Only (not) smart people can quarrel over trifles.
4) The hosts fed the (unexpectedly) guests with dried venison and baked potatoes, and gave them baked milk to drink.

3. In which sentence is NOT written separately with the word?
1) A light morning breeze beckons to the open space, where forests, villages, mills with (non) movable wings, mirror ponds sleep in the blue distance.
2) Thoughts about the work (not) finished yesterday made Mikhail go faster.
3) The cathedrals and churches of the ancient Russian city, directed to the sky, made an (un)usually strong impression.
4) The boy stubbornly shook his head and with a decisive movement smoothed the (un)shorn swirls.

4. In which sentence is NOT written separately with the word?
1) Many people feel (in)confident when speaking in front of a large audience.
2) The guys counted the (un)used crackers and put them under the Christmas tree.
3) There is an amazing, unbroken silence all around.
4) The (un)repeated smell of the approaching spring hung in the humid air.

5. In which sentence is NOT (NOT) with the word written separately?
1) Nothing seemed to shake his confidence.
2) Stanislav Ivanovich (not) where to place the tenant.
3) There was a (not) loud whisper outside the door.
4) You use ideological, but by no means (not) scientific arguments.

6. In which sentence is NOT (NOT) with the word written separately?
1) Dmitry Anatolyevich decided not to tell anyone about his discovery.
2) Igor was sorry to tears for the very young recruits, who had not yet (not) seen the horrors of the war, rushing into battle.
3) Human life then seemed to him a burning candle, which is held by (not) someone in gray.
4) Shelves with books and stone walls illuminated by a (not) bright flame that played in the fireplace.

7. In which sentence is NOT (NOT) with the word written separately?
1) The (not) conspicuous young man sitting opposite me smiled and winked conspiratorially at me.
2) And boring and sad, and (not) someone to give a hand in a moment of spiritual hardship.
3) In his youth, he was far (not) a poor man, but he lived beyond his means and by the end of his life was left penniless.
4) Egor tried his best to attract attention, but (no) anyone even looked in his direction.

8. In which sentence is NOT (NOT) with the word written separately?
1) (None of us) could convince Sasha to abandon the dangerous journey.
2) The proof of such a seemingly simple theorem turned out to be by no means (not) easy.
3) (Not) that the inexplicable happened to me at that moment: I suddenly felt that I would not see him again.
4) Mother looked attentively at Kosin: there was an (un)spoken question in her eyes.

9. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place of which the letter I is written?
An honest researcher n(1) can, no matter what he n(2) does, turn out to be among the pseudoscientists: he n(3) will go n(4) to deceive colleagues, n(5) to distort facts.
1) 2, 4, 5
2) 2
3) 1, 2, 3
4) 4, 5

10. In which answer option are correctly indicated "all the numbers in the place of which the letter I is written?"
How many n (1) asked Mitya to go for brushwood, he n (2) uttered n (3) a single word and even n (4) than n (5) showed that he hears his companions.
1) 1, 3, 4
2) 2, 3, 4, 5
3) 1, 2, 5
4) 3, 4

11. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place of which AND is written?
Taras Bulba n (1) could n (2) admire his eldest son. During the year, Valentin n (3) times n (4) went to his mother.
1) 1, 3,4
2) 2
3) 3
4) 2, 3

12. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place of which AND is written?
(H1) than (h2) this river attracted me with the broken silence, the primordial nature of nature. (H3) what is so (h4) pleasant, like an ear, slightly smelling of smoke.
1) 1, 2
2) 2
3) 2,3
4) 1,3

13. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place of which AND is written?
(H1) who (h2) uttered (h3) sound. Visitors to the museum (h4) could (h5) admire (h6) the superior masterpieces of painting.
1) 1,5
2) 1
3) 3,5
4) 1,3

14. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place of which AND is written?
He lived as if he (1) did not notice anyone around him (2) and decidedly did not (3) who he (4) needed.
1) 2, 4
2) 1, 3, 4
3) 1, 3
4) 2, 3, 4

15. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place of which NOT is written?
The baron n (1) spared n (2) time, n (3) money for the typographical errors of the culprit of his disgrace, and already n (4) what, except for revenge, n (5) could think of.
1) 1, 4
2) 2, 3, 4

Interjections are words that directly express our feelings, experiences and wills, without naming them.

Semantically, interjections differ from all significant parts of speech in that they do not have the function of naming, i.e. nominative function, as they are a kind of speech signs, signals used to express the shortest possible reaction of a person to various events of reality or to express a demand, desire of a person. Expressing (but not naming) feelings and will, interjections are nevertheless recognized by all speakers of a given language and are understood by everyone, since a certain semantic content is assigned to an interjection. But the meaning of interjections can usually be understood only from the context, because the same interjections can serve to express different feelings. Polysemantic are, for example, interjections ah, ah and others. Wed: Ay, ah, how the hut got cold!(N.) - an expression of regret, displeasure; And ingratitude ... ah! what a vile vice!(T.) - an expression of censure; Hey Moska! Know she is strong that she barks at an elephant!(Kr.) - an expression of approval, but with a touch of irony; Ay! ouch! ouch! What a voice! Canary, right, canary!(G.) - an expression of admiration; I replied that she[Masha] remained in the fortress in the hands of the priest. - Ai! hey, hey! the general remarked(P.) - an expression of regret, etc.

Morphologically, interjections are invariable, i.e. they lack the categories of gender, number, case, person, tense, etc. They are almost devoid of forms of word formation.

Syntactically, interjections also differ from significant parts of speech, because they, as a rule, are not members of a sentence, although intonationally they are usually associated with sentences to which they adjoin or which they are part of.

In a sentence, interjections are most often syntactically independent, i.e. not related to other members of the sentence. However, some interjections (from among those expressing will) can subordinate other members of the sentence to themselves. For example: - Go away! Immediately! he shouted in a clear, metallic voice.(Paust.); ... Well, it's completely!(M.-S.).

To clarify the semantic and morphological features interjections, its place in speech plays an important role: in the actual interjection meaning, only interjections that stand in front or behind the sentence (that is, those that are pre- or postpositive) usually appear. Being a kind of emotional-volitional sign, interjections that are in front of the sentence, as it were, signal the content of the subsequent sentence. For example: Wow, I don't like this pop!(M. G.).

The role of an explanatory sentence can be performed by the author's remark. For example: - Oh, honest mother! he uttered, sweetly straightening his shoulders and arms(Fed.). Or: - BUT! Pavel shook his head again approvingly.(Fed.); - Ah ... - Parabukin drawled almost sympathetically.(Fed.).

Being after the sentence, the interjection may not have an explanation after itself, since in this case the meaning of the interjection is clear from the previous sentence. For example: Well, it was for me for this case from my grandmother, oh-oh(Bianchi). Or: I myself visited the deceased today - that is, not with the deceased, but ... pah!(Ch.).

Interjections can act as separate members of a sentence or serve as amplifying particles.

Interjections expressing wills and feelings, in a colloquial style of speech, sometimes act as predicates. For example: You are all fu-fu-fu, sushi paddles! Andrey commanded(T. Berezko). Or: Tatyana - Oh! and he roar(P.).

Note. L.V. Shcherba refers the word ah in this context not to interjections, but to verbs (see his article “On Parts of Speech in the Russian Language” // “Selected Works in the Russian Language”, M., 1957, p. 67).

Sometimes the interjection-predicate performs the functions subordinate clause: At that time, such a beast was the head of the province, what a !!!(S.-SH.).

Only substantiated interjections act as subject and object: Far away came "hurrah"(P.).

Interjections in the role of circumstances and definitions acquire the corresponding lexical content: That one, the middle one, wow, quick at work(Vs. Iv.) - in the meaning of "very".

Interjections inside sentences sometimes play the role of amplifying particles, combined with words like, what. For example: Oh, how the sea does not like self-confidence!(Inc.).

Onomatopoeic words and interjections play a special role in the Russian language. Without them, we would have difficulty expressing our feelings. Morphological properties of these parts of speech, their categories, grammatical features, as well as their other functions, we will study in more detail in this article.

Interjection

This part of speech, according to the school curriculum, is studied in the sixth or seventh grade. Although stacked with it much more often. Even in childhood, when a child cannot speak, they are his first sounds. Interjections in our language are usually called a special group of speech that helps to express emotions and feelings. Linguists put them in a special category. From the point of view of morphology, they are part of speech. However, they stand apart from independent and service words. In terms of functionality, they do not carry any semantic load. That is, these words do not have meanings, only indirect ones. Then they cannot be called independent.

Origin

The terms "Onomatopoeic words" and "Interjections" appeared a very long time ago, as early as the beginning of the seventeenth century. The linguist Smotrytsky introduced them in 1619. Then he called them "interjections", that is, what was said between words. In fact, they are what they are.

Some were formed, as they say, spontaneously, from our cries. For example, such as "A", "O", "Fu", "Ah", do not have a special history of origin. This is our involuntary reaction to any stimulus.

The well-known word "Bayu-bay" takes its roots from the old Russian word to speak (bayat). Thus, laying down the baby, the parents, as it were, sentence him to fall asleep.

The familiar word "hello" that we pronounce when answering a phone came to us from England. His direct meaning- hello, which translates as "Hello." Picking up the phone, we let know that we hear the interlocutor, at the same time greeting him.

Modern slang every year creates new onomatopoeic words and interjections. The forms “Oops”, “Cool”, “Blah blah” appeared. All of them are related to our usual "Ah", "Wow", "Yes, yes."

That is, over time, some interjections disappear, and are replaced by others that are more relevant today.

word formation

Like any part of speech, interjections have their own special ways of formation. The following are distinguished:

With affixes. From the word "A" a more affectionate "Ainki" is formed.
Transition from one ch.r. to another: “Fathers! "(from im.n.)," Stunned! (from the verb), "Cool!" (from adverb).
Union: "Here you are," "And don't say."
Addition: "Kiss-kiss".

A variety of ways of word formation proves that this part of speech is not as simple as it seems at first glance.

Structure

Classify several types of interjections depending on how many parts they consist of. The first group is simple. They have only one word and one root in their structure. Examples: "Oh", "Alas", "Eh".

The next type is called complex. They got this name due to the fact that they are made up of several roots. For example: “ah-ah-ah”, “yes-yes-yes”, “father-lights”, “hoo”.

The last group in terms of structure are compound interjections. They are made up of several simple words: "alas and ah", "here's one for you." As a rule, this group comes from nouns, to which interjections are added.

Kinds

It is customary to subdivide them into several types.

Incentives. They, replacing meaningful words, signal that it's time to act: "Come on faster!", "Hey, tell me how to get here!", "Shh, speak more quietly - the child is sleeping."
Emotional. Such words involuntarily escape from a person when he is surprised or frightened: “Oh, how cute!” “Oh, what a strong thunderstorm!”.
Label. Not everyone knows that the words “Hello”, “Goodbye”, “Thank you”, familiar to us, belong to the class of interjections. They have no independent meaning, conveying only our polite intonation. For example: "Please let me go for a walk. Thank you very much for your help! Hello, friends!"

It is unlikely that an educated person can imagine his life without the words of this group. They help not only decorate our speech, but also give it a certain charm.

Punctuation

How is this part of speech isolated in writing? Sentences with interjections usually have commas.

For example: “Oh, how quickly the vacation flew by!” A comma is placed after the emotional word because it is at the beginning of a sentence. Similar examples: “Wow, how many of you are here!”, “Ugh, how ugly of you.”

A special place is occupied by the interjection "o". Used together with other words, it is not separated by commas: “Oh, the air, how clean you are!”, “Oh no, I have to refuse you this business.”

In the sentence “Well, how can you decide and call ?!” the word "well" is not isolated, since it has the meaning of amplification. In the case when it denotes the duration of the action, then it must be separated by a comma: “Well, I don’t know how long it will last.”

The interjection “what”, which is used as the highest degree of something, is not isolated: “What a wonderful evening!”, “What a slob you are!”.

Onomatopoeic words and their difference from interjections

A special category is represented by words that imitate any sounds. They, unlike interjections, do not carry any emotionality in themselves. Their main function is to convey a similar sound. For example, the ticking of a clock is conveyed in writing with the word "tick-tock". When we hear a beetle flying by, we will reproduce its flight as “Zhzhzh”. And there are many such examples.

In addition, this part of speech is actively involved in the formation of various words: woof - bark, oink - grunt, hee-hee - giggle.

Their most important difference from interjections is their different role in the language. At first glance, they are very similar. However, it should not be confused, since onomatopoeic words do not convey the feelings and emotions of a person. They just repeat the sound.

Discharges

Onomatopoeic words in Russian are divided into several subspecies:

Animal voices (including birds): crow (rooster), meow (kitten), woo (owl), pee (mouse).
Natural sounds: bang (thunder), boom (something fell), pshsh (water hiss).
Imitation musical instruments: ding-dong (bell rings), trin (guitar playing).
Sounds made by people: hrum (eating a carrot), top-top (someone is walking), tsok (in heels).

These are the most common digits of this part of speech. Onomatopoeic words and interjections constitute a special group in the Russian language, being neither independent nor functional.

Syntactic role

It is very curious that in rare cases such small words can be different members of a sentence. Interjections and onomatopoeic words, examples of which we have repeatedly given above, are:

Definitions. For example: "Ay yes a holiday!" In this case, the interjection "Oh yes" answers the question "What?", replacing the word "Wonderful".
Addition: And suddenly in the distance we heard a quiet "Ay!".
Predicate: And the door suddenly - "Slam!"
Subject: And then there was a loud "Hurrah".

The role of interjections and onomatopoeic words in speech

Without these seemingly simple words, our language would be very impoverished. After all, most of them are formed impulsively, regardless of our desire. To call for help, to cry out in fear, to be surprised at an act - all these are interjections, onomatopoeic words. Punctuation marks are the first ones we looked at earlier. But the sounds made by someone or something do not stand out in writing in any way. If necessary, quotes are only put in sentences where there is direct speech.

Speech with the help of this category becomes much more emotional. It is difficult to contain the joy when something happened that we have been waiting for a long time. For example: “Wow! Finally, it happened!" Or in a difficult moment, when a person involuntarily sighs: “Oh, nothing good happened.”

But how to convey the sounds that are made by animals? Only with the help of special words. It is almost impossible to do this without them. Such words try to convey similar sounds, such as the lowing of a cow or the grunting of a pig.

Exercises

In order to consolidate the material covered, the guys perform special tasks, repeating onomatopoeic words. Exercises for them and for interjections are usually simple.

For example, it is necessary to determine the category of a certain group: “Ah!”, “Oh!”, “Fathers!”. By all indications, these are emotional interjections, simple in structure.
Find onomatopoeic words in sentences.

"Slap-slap" - was heard outside the window. "Chik-chirik" - this is how sparrows attract attention. Approaching the platform, the train sang: "Tu-tu."

Determine what sounds a violin, a dog, raindrops, thunder, a yawning person, an object falling to the floor, shivering from the cold can make.
Distinguish, interjections or imitative words are used in sentences:

Hello my comrades.

- "Bah!" - was heard in silence.

Come on, hurry up already!

- "Chick-chick!" So we tried to call the little birds.

Holy Fathers! What "Bang-bang" thunder said to us!

Exercise for sentences with onomatopoeic words, as well as interjections, can be very diverse. But for the most part, they usually do not cause any difficulty among students.

Morphological analysis

Like any part of speech, these two small subgroups have their own parsing algorithm. It is, however, absolutely identical.

Determine the part of speech.
We designate morphological signs:

Structure

Discharge by value

immutability

role in the proposal.

Let's give an example of analysis. “Here you go! We didn’t expect rain, but it poured like water!”

Here's an interjection for you.
Composite in structure (several words).
Emotional, conveys surprise.
Immutable (cannot be declined or conjugated)
Doesn't play any syntactic role in a sentence, since it does not replace an independent part of speech.

Next example: And then - "Whack-Whack!" - the ball flew past us.

Onomatopoeic word (transmits the flight of the ball).
Complex, consists of two repeating bases.
The discharge is the sound of inanimate nature.
Immutability.
In the sentence it will be a circumstance (answers the question "how").

Another example: How inattentive you are!

Interjection
Simple, one word.
Emotional, conveys indignation.
Immutability.
Circumstance (replaces the words "very" or "very").

Output

Spelling of onomatopoeic words and such interjections similar to them usually does not cause difficulties. All of them convey emotions or sounds exactly as we hear them. It must be remembered that repeated stems, such as woof-woof, will always be written with a hyphen.

The spontaneity in their education makes them integral part our life. Babies who can't talk only scream to their mothers certain sounds. Parents are guided by them, what their child wants. As adults, we still continue to use these parts of speech. No one can force us to stop expressing our own emotions. What about the sounds of nature? Each of us can depict them, but writing on paper is not always easy. For this, there are onomatopoeic words. They easily repeat what we hear, only in writing.

We simply cannot do without such seemingly insignificant parts of speech. Faced with them daily in oral speech, we have to use them in writing in some cases.

Do not confuse them with auxiliary parts of speech, for example, with particles. Sometimes they are very similar to each other. It is worth remembering one immutable rule: these words convey emotions, feelings and sounds. No other speech groups can do this. As they say, everyone has their own necessary role.

1. The interjection is highlighted with commas if pronounced without an exclamatory intonation: Ahti, guys, thief! (Cr.); Hey , tie a knot for memory!(Gr.); Alas , for various fun I ruined a lot of life!(P.); BUT , no words now!(G.); Bravo , Vera! Where did you get this wisdom?(Gonch.); Wow, what passions! (Dal); aege Yes, I did not get there at all!(T.); Chu , the cricket behind the stove crackled(S.‑SH.); « Fathers , crushed, ”a female voice was heard(L. T.); Eh , but you never know what Yakov Lukich dreamed about in reality!(Sh.); Ear, she-she-she , well cooked(Cr.); Life, alas, is not an eternal gift! (P.); No, no, pipes, your grace! (Ruff.); How I love the sea Oh, how I love the sea!(Ch.); That one, the middle one, wow, quick at work (Sun, Iv.).

2. If the interjection is pronounced with an exclamatory intonation, then after it is put exclamation mark. If an interjection is at the beginning of a sentence, then the word following it is written with a capital letter, and if in the middle, then with a lowercase letter: Ugh! Blundered ... (Gr.); Guard! Catch, catch, yes crush it, crush it(P.); Eh! Yes, as I see you, you won’t let me utter a word(G.); “U! Minion! the nanny grumbles softly(Gonch.); BUT! Was not! (T.); Oh well! Don't let go, horse! (N.); I'm resigning. Basta! I thought about it for five years and finally decided(Ch.); Fathers! What's up with your face?(M. G.); Aha! Hold on, now we will scold you!(Azh.); And now, ah! for all his love fever, an unbearable blow is being prepared for him(Cr.); I still cannot forget the two old men of the last century, whom, Alas! no longer (G.); Marya, you know, generous, yes work, wow! angry! (N.)

3. It is necessary to distinguish between interjections and identically sounding particles: a comma is placed after interjections, but not after particles. Wed:

ABOUT, it would be heavenly life!(G.)

ABOUT field, field! Who littered you with dead bones?(P.)

Well, let's dance! (Sharp) Well How not to please your own little man!(Gr.)

"Ouch, who is it?" Dusya exclaimed in fright.(Lapt.)

Ouch you are a goy, Volga, dear mother!(P.)

Oh, what nights those were!(Garsh.)

Oh you glutton! (Cr.)

Note. When distinguishing between such cases, the meaning and use of particles is taken into account:

1) the particle about is used in rhetorical treatment and is not separated by a comma: Oh you, to whom a high rank has been given by fate!(Cr.); also before yes and no: Oh yes, of course; Oh no, in no case;

2) the particle ah, before the personal pronoun you or you, followed by an appeal, is not separated by a comma: Oh, you vile glass! (P.); Oh you, my steppe, free steppe!(K.) Also in the combination ah yes, used with an unexpected memory of something missed: “Oh yes! — Svezhevsky suddenly slapped himself on the forehead, “I’m talking, but I forgot to tell you the most important thing”(Cupr.);

3) particle well, it is used in an amplifying sense and a comma is not separated: Well, ball! well Famusov! Know how to call guests!(Gr.); often combined with what for, with particles and, yes or with yes: Well, what neck, what eyes!(Cr.); Well thunderstorm! It hasn't happened in a long time(Dec.); Well, and your women are good(Sharp); " Well, yes ! Gnedko will throw you off!” Zina says dismissively(G.-M.); cf. See also: Well why so abruptly?; Well, what a question!; well let me be wrong; well how is everything all right?; well what can you say?; So, say!; well how can I explain this to you?; You come well , say, in a photo studio; well so expect a surprise; Well that's all; What are you?; Oh no; Why not?; Well, what about him? well and the heat turned out!; Give well at least this book!; Without him well just can't handle this job; Natalya herself understood that only with a goddess can she be compared, well, with Diana (A. T .; in the meaning of ‘let’s say; put’).

4. Inside whole combinations oh yes, oh u, oh you, oh he, oh you, oh these, uh, uh, uh, oh u, oh u, oh you etc., which include interjections and pronouns or particles, no comma is put: Ay yes honey! (P.); Ah yes Mikhail Andreevich, a real gypsy!(A. T.); Oh, you are cruel!; Oh, he's a snake! Oh, what a sin!; Oh they rogues burnt!; Oh those gossips!; Oh and bake today!; Wow and wine!; Oh, and angry!; Oh those rascals! In such cases, emotions are expressed not only by interjection, but also by intonation: Wow, poor thing!; wow what is done!; Our foreman- oh head!

These interjections are included as an integral element in sentences with repeated words: Well here, oh well!; Hard he was at first oh hard!; Thin commander's account oh thin!; You're boring, oh boring!; Get you from your mother, uh get it!, I wantme to pour you oh want!

Constructions with interjections ek, eka are not separated by a comma: Ek took it apart! (G.); Ek you snore, you can hear it from two rooms(Gonch.); Ek there is no death for you(T.); Ek you scared me (M.-S.); eka the wounded are falling, Lord!(Garsh.)

5. Interjections before the words like, which and in combination with them expressing a high degree of attribute (in the meanings of ‘very’, ‘very’, ‘wonderful’, ‘amazing’, ‘terrible’), are not separated by a comma: Property, therefore, recognizes; and this, at the present time, oh how nice! (S.‑SH.); I left behind good people, oh how far behind! (Ch.); The sea of arrogance oh, how he doesn’t love (Sob.); This, brother, oh, how bitter and oh, how vile! (Success); ... Sometimes in every pleasant word she stuck out wow, what a pin (G.); We could get oh what injuries (Poor).

6. Separated by commas interjection expressionsthank God, damn it, damn it etc.: So far, thanks be to God, were selected to other cities(G.).

The combination of glory to God is separated by commas if used to express joy, calm, relief, satisfaction about something:He shoot himself Thank God, did not want to try(P.); ... Today, thank God, quieter, but it happened, you would move a hundred steps away, already somewhere the shaggy devil was sitting and watching(L.); God bless, at least from this side they understood me(Ch.).

In the meaning of ‘good; safely 'or 'in good condition' the combination thank God plays the role of a predicate and is not separated by commas: Mother's letters were short, half consisted of kindred bows and reassuring assurances that everything was at home. thank God (Pol.); But the old man could not stand it and, with tears in his voice, started talking about the fact that he would not allow sharing while he was alive, that he had a house Thank God, and to divide - everyone will go around the world(L. T.).

Combinations damn it, damn it separated by commas:I’m telling you that Pechorin is a coward, I’ll put them at six steps, hell! (L.); Woke me up, damn it said he would come again!(L. T.); And I'm glad I met you damn you! (M. G.); Here, for sin, the wound on the thigh opened, Damn her (first).

But expressions the devil knows, the devil pulled commas do not stand out: The devil knows what was the mind of the pupil spent on!(Rem.); The doctors there wrote about me the devil knows what (N. O.); The devil pulled him talk to a drunk at night!(L.); Damn got me Stop the yash!(Bub.)

7. Imperative-motivating interjections and onomatopoeic words are separated by commas or separated by an exclamation point: Only, chur, do not interrupt (Pom.); I will ask everyone; but, chur, secret (Gr.); Let me go to the hut march, follow the birds!(Gr.); “Chick, chick, tee, tee, tee! Ghoul, ghoul, ghoul!"— in a gentle voice the girl invited the birds to breakfast(Gonch.); Hush! Don't you dare joke about it!(Lesk.)