Categories IQ. IQ does not make sense: why the mind cannot be measured. From which the level of IQ depends

The modern world provides a person with great opportunities for self-realization, but in return puts the high demands on it. We must be able to adequately assess the situation and make the right choice. All the world scientists have been proven that the ability of a person affects its level IQ. Surely you have come across this concept with this concept, and most likely, you even passed this or that test on IQ. But let's deal with what gives us the intelligence coefficient, and why he is needed at all.

IQ. test

So, the intellect ratio or IQ level is a quantitative assessment of the level of intellectual abilities of a person compared with the IQ of a normal person of the same age as the subject. This indicator is determined by various tests, the most famous of which are the tests of the Aizenka, the ventilation, is equal, Amthauer and Kettella. The concept of "intelligence coefficient" itself introduced the German Wilhelm Stern in 1912. Recently, interest in determining this indicator has grown multiple times, often employers are asked to pass the test for IQ applicants for the workplace, and applicants pass it upon admission to the university.

In principle, the IQ tests are built in such a way that their complexity is increasing, so that the subject should have used its logical and spatial thinking. As a result of the passage of the test, you get a quantitative assessment of your IQ. The average level of the IQ of an adult according to the Aizenka test is from 91 to 110 points, such indicators have 25% of the population of the Earth. If your IQ level is from 111 to 130 points, you can safely consider yourself a smart person. And if your indicator is above 131, then you are lucky, which is included in the 3% of the world's population. People with high IQ become outstanding scientists, inventors and researchers. There are geniuses that have an indicator of intelligence above 140 points, such as Bill Gates and Stephen Hawking, these people make up about 0.2% of humanity.

The level of intelligence affects a large number of diverse factors, such as, for example, heredity, genes, gender and human race. According to recent studies, the average IQ of an African American is 85 points, Latin American - 89, White European Origin - 103, Asian (China, Japan, Korea) - 106, and Jew - 113 points. It is also found that most men have IQ indicators higher than women. It affects the level of intelligence and environment in which a person has grown, as well as the education of his parents and even a country of residence.

How to know your iq

After all above the above, most likely, you are set as a question: "How to find out your IQ." Today it is very easy to do, it is enough to find one of the numerous tests on the level of intelligence. However, be careful because not all of them are licensed and may contain errors in tasks and responses. Calculated in this way the level of your IQ may be incorrect. Test Aisenka Test You can go through IQTest.com in English. Accurate answer to the question: "What should IQ should be" today it does not exist, so if something does not suit you, just work on how to increase your level of intelligence. How? We will gladly tell you about it.

How to boost IQ.

Your IQ level is a quantitative assessment of mental development, detected using tests that measure human ability to solve problems, perceive various mental images, as well as memory and general knowledge. We present you several ways to improve IQ.

Method number 1 - make a habit of playing intellectual games (for example, "eruit", sudoku, chess and so on). Such games are an excellent brain simulator. When you learn how to play one game well, move on - master the following, because when you master the skill, your brain ceases to work intensively to solve the problem, reduced dopamine hormone production, which is responsible for intelligence. In addition to intelligent desktop games, try yourself in logical and strategic video games. Pay special attention to games aimed at rapid decision making. It is also useful to solve logical puzzles, puzzles, crosswords and sudoku. All these types of activity stimulate mental processes, increasing the level of IQ.

Method number 2 - constantly study something new, whether foreign language, art, architecture or, for example, cryptology.

Method number 3 - lead an active lifestyle, constantly exposing itself to physical exertion, because it is a scientifically proven way to increase the level of intelligence. Expand your horizons, put a goal for all my life - do not stop learning, constantly recognize something new. Periodically arrange yourself a shake, jump with a parachute or try yourself in bungee-jumping. New experience contributes to the release of the dopamine hormone, which increases the number of neurons and causing a sense of satisfaction. And in general, the more you know and know how to richer your life experience, the higher the level of your intellectual development!

And here are some more simple tips to help you enjoy life and increase your level of intellectual development.

Try to enjoy everything you do, enjoy classical music, good books and communicating with pleasant people.
Use smaller using electronic devices. If you need to record something, use a notepad and handle, and instead of an e-mail it is better to send a letter written by hand. It stimulates visual and kinetic perception.
Learn to write input hand that stimulates the work of the opposite brain hemisphere.
Try to be properly and balanced, turn on fresh vegetables, fruits and fish, rich omega 3, positively affecting the work of the brain.
Purchase, because only during sleep, the information obtained goes from short-term memory into long-term.
Work on yourself and continue to learn all your life.

Text: Ilya Yanovich

Idea Measure Human Intelligence With the help of a relatively simple test, it appeared more than a hundred years ago and since then I got into different hands. There is no single and universal test on IQ, but to such a technique still resort to both employers on interviews and supporters of ultra-right views, trying to prove the theory of racial superiority from scientific positions.

However, some time ago, scientists noticed that the average value of the intelligence coefficient in developed countries from Great Britain and Denmark to Australia began to fall, although the last 80 years have grown steadily. We understand whether the IQ indicator is important and that he actually speaks of a person.

What affects our
mental development

New Zealand political scientist James Flynn first noticed the link between the standard of living and the IQ indicator. The development of science and education, new inventions, improvement of housing conditions, health, nutrition, reduced crime levels - these are some factors that affect intellectual development.

The so-called Flinn effect confirm almost all local research. For example, in Denmark, the test for IQ must pass all the people preparing to become military - and so for more than 60 years, and the test, adapted in the middle of the last century, has been updated only a few years ago. The average result at the same time grew up every year: with those points that were considered the norm in the 1950s, today you may not be taken to the service. The growth continued until the end of the 1990s, in 2000, the figures were frozen, insignificantly hesitated to one, then in the other side, and now went down. And not only in Denmark: many universities and research centers worldwide report about similar results.

At first glance, there is no logical explanation: according to the effect of Flynn, the growth should only gain momentum. Moreover, scientists from the University of Otago - exactly the one in which Flynn led his research is also an information flow to the growth factors. The number of newspapers and magazines in the middle of the 20th century increased many times, at the same time television appeared, and people, constantly passing large amounts of data across their head, learned it easier to absorb any new information. The drop in the indicators coincided with the mass distribution of the Internet, which confuses even more.

Two explanations for this phenomenon are Flinn himself. The first version - according to statistics in developed countries, secured and achieved by the relative success of the couple are increasingly hardened by one child, while many large families live at the features of poverty. Parents have not received proper education there and cannot afford to pay college or university children, and bad housing conditions, according to the same Flinn effect, lead to a fall of intellect. This hypothesis, firstly, requires additional research, secondly, is consistent only if the genes really affect the level of IQ.

The genes really affect the level of IQ, and significantly, it is said in the results of the study of the American psychologist Robert Prsnom. But this assumption has many opponents: allegedly Plomin and his colleagues did not lead convincing evidence in favor of the fact that from good families, smart children come out due to genetic relations, and not due to the surrounding comfortable environment.

The second version of Flynna: a high standard of living has long been the norm for most developed countries, the level of this today is growing slightly or not growing at all, because of which the average IQ is no longer rising.

What is really measured by IQ tests and why they are not universal

The test, very close to the fact that today we understand under the test on IQ, in 1912 he developed a German psychologist William Lewis Stern. He took the basis of various tasks and puzzles of the XIX century and linked them under its system of studying children's psychology - the result partially reminded the psychological test parallel to Alfred Bina. In fact, the Stern wanted to create a methodology for assessing the development potential in children, but all subsequent IQ tests (including tests of the ambiguous British psychologist Gansa Yurgen Aizenka, who popularized the idea of \u200b\u200bmeasuring IQ) assumed variations for adults.

The test, during which you need to answer 40 questions in 30 minutes, too dissimilar and inaccurate. But he is so deeply penetrated into universities, research institutes, and now also on the Internet that it cannot weigh it so far. If you passed the IQ test at school, it was probably one of the many variations of the Aizenka test. At the same time, a standardized test for 100 years has never appeared: there are several dozen main options (oltel, promissory and other psychologists), as well as several hundreds of their modifications - and this is to consider only tests that large scientists use, and not take Perpenetted versions for different ages.

The IQ test, most likely, was held by each of us, at least out of interest, but many find it difficult to answer, what exactly measures it. The most popular answer is some kind of conditional "mind." In fact, the average test on IQ determines your ability to analyze new information (both using and not using old) regarding your age. In this case, the tests are specifically developed in such a way that the average value is 100 points. It is believed that the result below 70 points indicates problems in mental development, but the so-called genius threshold varies greatly from version to version: somewhere it begins with 140 points, somewhere - from 160.

An unlawfully man with the highest IQ in history is American William Sondis, born in 1898. Writer, Asexual, political activist, he read "Ilia" in the original in the original, knew several tens of languages \u200b\u200bto the majority and invented one own, was incredibly able to in mathematics, released several fantastic books and monographs on various topics. The exact data on its IQ indicator was not preserved, but, by unconfirmed data, the corridor was reached in 250-300 points. Nevertheless, the only pragmatic invention, "Eternal calendar", today no one uses.

Smart and successful for all visible parameters man with ordinary
or even low IQ - not an exception

Passing the same test with minor breaks, you can get different results, because your physical and psychological state is significantly affected by the concentration. But even in potentially sterile conditions, IQ tests are far to high accuracy. For example, in the version of the Aizenka test, which has been used for a long time in the United States in order to check the preschoolers aged 3 to 5 years, was the question of what color apple. The correct answer is to say that there are many colors, and call some of them, but the likelihood is that a three-year-old child could only see red or only green apples, and this does not affect his mental abilities.

Some versions of Rudolf Amthauer's test are generally asked questions for erudition ("What are you measured in Joules?") - You can find out the answer in a second on the Internet or directory, which you will not become more concerned. Psychologist W. Joel Schneider in an interview with Scientific American also reminds that the average IQ test gives not only very approximate, but also averaged value, because it consists of several subtests, each of which checks different types of thinking. Thus, a person with outstanding abstract thinking and a weak verbal is likely to receive an average result.

Research centers use more advanced systems, outstanding not only average score, but also very detailed statistics. One of these programs called Compositator has been developed by Schneider himself, although it recognizes that it is far from the desired accuracy, and a man with ordinary or even low IQ is not an exception to all visible parameters. In his blog, in many ways dedicated to the measurement of IQ, Schneider notes that public interest in tests for the intellect ratio and their results falls: they are no longer perceived too seriously. This is especially noticeable in American employers: in the 50s, when IQ's measurement was popular, large companies wanted to work only people with a high score and even organized tests right at the interview, but by the 2000s from such a practice almost completely refused.

Finally, another important problem of tests on IQ is a strict binding of time. It is known, for example, that Albert Einstein thought extremely slowly and did not fit in the allotted time on the exams, but hardly someone would doubt the level of his intellectual abilities.

Is the high IQ important

There are several organizations that combine people with extremely high IQ. MENSA International will take those whose result is higher than 98% of the population (that is, two people from a hundred). Although you will still need a standard IQ test, but specifically recycled. Prometheus Society is much more shorter: their tests are designed in such a way that only one person from 30 thousand can pass them. The organization grows very slowly: in 2013, it has numbered only about 130 members.

The site MENSA allows you to participate in the intellectual exercise - to pass the test out of 30 questions per hour. This is not a traditional IQ test and not an exam for receiving Mensa. You warn you that the test is created exclusively for entertainment purposes, but on the basis of those questions and methods of intelligence assessment, as the real Mensa exam, which is in open access. Many tasks resemble the Aizenka test, but at the end you will detail the methods for solving issues and the most common mistakes you made.

There are no extraordinary achievements from Mensa and Prometheus members. 68-year-old American journalist Marilyn Rosca Savant, a member of Prometheus and the record holder of the Guinness Book of Records on IQ points from 1986 to 1989, leads a column in the Parade magazine, solves logical paradoxes, released several books and wrote several plays. But you could not hear about her at all, although according to the test results, this is the most outstanding woman in history. The last record holder of Guinness, Korean Kim Union, quickly mastered mathematics and foreign languages, solved the challenges for the speed in the transfer of local television, but for its 51 he also did not notice anything really meaningful. In 1990, the Guinness Book of Records at all ceased to include IQ-champions into his publications, explaining that tests too much, they all give different results and define the winner is impossible.

Although the average IQ really falls throughout the developed world, it did not affect anything noticeable, says Thomas Tidl, a professor at the University in Copenhagen and the very scientist who has noticed a decrease in the average IQ from the Danish military. The number of scientific publications is growing, an increasing percentage of people receives higher education, the pace of technology development increases every year, and it is not very clear whether the average value of the IQ can influence something except statistics. So one should not give too much importance to some conditional numbers.

Many of us have heard of IQ test, which shows the level of human intelligence. However, most practically nothing about him know. Before being taken for the passage of the test, it is necessary to know what should be IQ from a normal person.

general information

The IQ abbreviation is decrypted as which can be translated as "the number of intelligence". The Russian-speaking language environment is often used by the established expression "intelligence coefficient". However, it is believed that in order for the results to be as truth as possible, and they could really trust, it is worth considering not only the results of the test itself. You need to take into account more factors such as age and gender.

Many also believe that the results of this test rather show the tendency of a person to a specific type of tasks, and not valid intellectual abilities. Therefore, it can be prepared by solving the challenges that resemble presented in the tasks.

History

Attempts to study the IQ of a normal person began in the 30s of the last century. Researchers took a number of attempts to determine the intelligence coefficient through various experiments. Scientists tried to find a regularity that would associate the processes of the central nervous system, the characteristics of the reaction and mental abilities, even the size and weight of the brain took into account. In addition, they studied the relationship of the intelligence of parents and children, his attitude to social origin, age, and so on.

IQ test today

Currently, it is believed that the mental intelligence ratio depends on the set of factors, for the most part of heredity. However, the level of IQ of a normal person can be increased, solving various tasks and tests. In addition, in the modern world, not so much intelligence is a source of success, how much motivation and perseverance. Individuality, determination and ambition play an important role. However, it is a high level of intelligence able to help with solving complex life circumstances and contribute to more advantageous conditions.

Despite the fact that the first tests were created exclusively with lexical exercises, today they use many diverse tasks. Among which exercises on the account, logical series, the ability to find the missing geometric shape, the ability to recognize the fragment, remember the facts, technicians and determine the missing letter.

How many IQ is a normal person

The average human intelligence level ranges from 100 to 120 units, which is about half of the above solved tasks. A person who will cope with all the tasks receives 200 points. In addition to the level of intelligence, the test identifies other indicators, it helps to identify the way of thinking of a person who passes. Having determined the category in which the subject has the smallest level of abilities, you can help him identify gaps in its abilities, practice with different types of tasks and raise the intelligence coefficient.

First tests

For the first time, V. Stern spoke about the intellect ratio, which considered the level of skills on the Bina scale is incorrect, since he had a serious drawback relating to age. The scientist suggested determining the making mental age in chronological. The IQ test of a normal person demonstrates a quantitative assessment of the abilities of the individual with respect to the average representative of the same age.

Average indicators

It is believed that the IQ test shows not the level of human erudition, but only an assessment of general indicators. They are designed specifically in order to get the distribution of the results with the average. The IQ of a normal person may vary, however, there are ordinary indicators. Thus, about half of the people who have passed the test show the result equal to 90 to 100 points, a quarter is below 90, and another quarter - above 110 units. The average graduate of American universities is 115 points, excellent students - from 135 to 140. The level of IQ, which is less than 70 points, is usually considered a sign of mental backwardness.

Output

The IQ-test show a person, but do not assume that they do in any way show the level of erudition. They only help to understand in which area and in what direction a person needs to be developed.

It is believed that the level IQ of a normal person varies from 90 to 120 conventional units. Most often, the Aizenka test is used to determine the intelligence coefficient. However, do not forget that the most faithful results will be the results obtained in the very first passage of the test, and all subsequent attempts will only distort them.

However, it did not occur to you that it was necessary to make some gradation, so to speak from dividing the grain from Plelevé, Einstein from Bivis with Bathated. Therefore, smart Pindos named Lewis Thermman in 1916 (not to be confused since 2016 ... Gyy), invented the name of the test for measuring intelligence. Today we will talk about the Word, which means this procedure, this AikeWhat you mean you can read a little lower. Our site site tries to explain complex concepts in simple language, so do not forget to add us to your bookmarks. Indeed, in the future, we will have a lot of useful and curious information.
However, before I continue, I want to recommend you to watch a couple more of my new articles on the subject of science and education. For example, what does the paradigm mean, what is the Overton window, which means the oxymoron, how to understand the word taboo, etc.
So, will continue what does aiku mean? This term was borrowed from English " IQ."what can be deciphered as "Intelligence QUotient"(intelligence coefficient).

Aike- so called an intelligence test designed at the beginning of the century in France psychologist Alfred Bina

This test was extremely successful, and began to be used in many countries around the world. And your name " IQ."He received in the USA, as we mentioned above. In addition, it was Pindos for the first time to apply these tests to classify soldiers in 1917. This exam was about 2 million people. The universities were interested in this innovation. who checked them future applicants.

The highest intelligence was in Australian Terens Taowho came up with the Green Tao theorem. Its result is 200 points, whereas most people are unlikely to be able to score over 100 balls. I will not list people with a high intelligence, because there are no Russians in this list.
In my opinion, such artificial tests are quite far from reality, because Russians create the world's best submarines, combat aircraft, space ships and much more. And among the laureates of "Nobeli", any Jews are always provided, or Anglo-Saxons. Karoch, with this it is clear, the information war and all that, Pindos are good in this, like no other.
Need to add that people with high IQ.possess mental disabilities, because nature does not give something over measure. If somewhere arrived, then in another place. The law of energy conservation works here.

In addition, I would not trust the results of the test of Bila Gates and Stephen Hawking ( found about 140 balls). A person having billions, can without any problems to bribe everything and everything, and Stephen, is the usual element of the propaganda of Americans, a kolaka genius, racing people. If he was normal and healthy, without this flyer of mystery, which surrounded him thanks to the media, to whom he would be interesting?

what does IQ test mean?

For all the time research, scientists made several conclusions:

0.5% of people have IQ over 140 balls;

3% - over 130 - 140 balls;

7% - about 120 - 130 balls;

14.5% - have aiku more than 110 - 120 balls;

50% - possess aiku 90 - 110 balls.

It is worth adding that 25% of people have aiku above 110 points, while the other 25% of the Iker below 90 balls. The most common result of 100 balls.
If Iker is below 70 points, then such a result indicates mental retardation.

Actually level aikeonly shows the speed of thinking, because all tasks are performed in a strictly limited time. However, there are many people who are able to solve the most difficult tasks for quite a long time, especially when the time is not so critical. Therefore, in our time, this test has lost its former popularity, although Pindos are actively used.

To successfully pass IQ tests, you need to have the following features:

ownership of logical operations;

Imagination and ability to quickly manipulate objects in space;

Practical possession of the native language;

Vocabulary;

Good memory;

The ability to focus and strove the main thing, separating from the secondary one.

As you probably noticed, in this case there is nothing that would associate IQ.with definition of intelligence. Therefore, it can be concluded that Ikem actually determines not intelligence as such. Today, many are used by a special term - "psychometric intellect", which denote the results of the test.

Although " IQ.", I will not determine your mind, but they can be used to conclude about their own children. After all, there are several levels of difficulties with one method.
Despite the fact that checking IQ consists of a huge number of all kinds of tests in order to get 100 - 120 Balls are not necessary to fulfill them all.

Russian psychologists argue that the IQ test developed for the West is not entirely corrected for Russia. After all, the intellect of people from different countries is differ dramatically. Most Russians prevailing the figurative style of thinking, which for the better distinguishes them from Western " biorobot". Under the West, I understand Pindostan, for in the EU, things are much better, they have not yet fully turned into consumesAlthough actively strive for this.

After reading this article, you learned what does aiku meanAnd now you will generally understand what the tests are for tests, and why they are needed, or not needed.

Tests for determining the level of IQ are carried out in companies and schools, these two letters for many of the hearing. But not everyone understands what this indicator means: what depends on and how affects learning and success in the career.

What is IQ?

IQ (Intelligence QUotient, intelligence coefficient) - a quantitative indicator of the level of intelligence in comparison with the level of an average person. The average person is considered the person of the same age and development as one who is measured by this coefficient. It turns out that IQ shows not the level of intelligence, but its correspondence or deviation from the norm, i.e. middle level.

The average IQ level can be compared with average growth. For example, according tostudies In Kazakhstan, the average growth of women is 164.4 cm, men - 177.5 cm. We compare the growth of a person with the average and give an estimate: if the growth exceeds the average indicator, then we consider a person high, and vice versa. It is important to understand that this average level is not constant, but depends on different factors. With the definition of the level IQ approximately the same situation.

How are tests for defining IQ, and what results are considered normal?

There are no uniform standards for developing tests to define IQ, but all tests are divided into age categories. Therefore, the same IQ figure in a child and a student does not mean that the student is stupid, and the child is smart. After all, they have different age-related tests.

Test authors also make up instructions to them, which explain how to pass them. These instructions are needed to minimize the error. Tests include tasks for reasoning, memory, logic, acquired knowledge. The average score is considered to be 100: tests are developed in such a way that most of the results correspond to this indicator. With this average result, the results are tested then.

It turns out that the average result of the test of IQ is the level of most people. Therefore, the average level of intelligence is just fine. In the results there are deviations from the mid-level, because it may affect the many reasons: excitement, fatigue, hurry. Only the results of less than 70 points can be considered a sign of retardation in mental development. A high level of intelligence with a result above 130 points occurs in 2.2% of people - such data leads a researcher Stewart Richie in his book "Intellect: everything that matters". At the same time, 68.2% of the tested level corresponds to the average.

Source: Intelligence Book: ALL THAT MATTSERS

What determines our level of intelligence?

Intellect - the ability to know and solve problems. Intellect includes human cognitive abilities: feeling, perception, memory, performance, thinking, imagination.

Humanity cannot unambiguously say that the intellect depends on. For example, we know exactly what thinking is a brain function. It can be assumed that the intelligence depends on some characteristics of the brain and the nervous system: the volume and relief of the brain, the amount of gray substance, the speed of the nerve impulses. Moreover, it is likely that the combinations of different characteristics affect the combinations. If we consider each characteristic separately, then it is impossible to identify its effect on intelligence. For example, the volume of the brain in women is on average less than that of men. But in tests at the level of IQ, the women show the same indicators as men. This fact also says that intelligence does not depend on biological gender.

Scientists also did not establish an impact on the intellect of race or nationality. Ushakov In the book "Psychology of intelligence and adaratence" leads such data: black orphan children, brought up in receiving families with access to better education, have higher IQ. It is likely that the intellect in this case was more influenced by social factors than hereditary. This is confirmed by the studies of twins with an identical set of genes, which leads Steward Richie. While twins are children, their level IQ is approximately equal, and this can be explained by genetics. As children, children begin to independently create a medium for themselves: someone spends time behind books and other classes, someone is lunged without affairs. Then, with the same heredity, the IQ level ceases to be equal. It turns out that with age, we register our environment more. And the environments that we create affect the level of IQ.

Other facts are also talking about the impact on the intelligence of external factors. The average IQ level is higher in high-level countries. The quality of food and medical care, the availability of education, the crime rate and social installations in society can also affect the IQ level.

Surprisingly, the average level of IQ is gradually growing both in the world and in individual countries. This process is called the Flenn effect by the name of the scientist who collected data on these changes. Flynna effect Paradoxal: The average level of IQ grows every 10 years. For genetic and evolutionary changes, this is too small time interval. In addition, these data do not allow firmly to associate intelligence with heredity, race, nationality, gender, brain characteristics. It turns out that people become smarter for various reasons, and the level of intelligence does not depend on something specific.