Environmental control- this is one of the important links of the organizational and legal mechanism of the environmental protection. Its purpose is to check: compliance with the requirements of environmental legislation; compliance with standards and regulations in the field of environmental protection and environmental safety.

The implementation of these tasks is entrusted to the system of eco-control, which consists of state, industrial, municipal and public control.

Eco-control, as a legal measure, performs a number of functions - preventive, informational and punitive.

State environmental control carried out on behalf of the state, it gives independent and objective results. This is the most influential control, because in order to carry out its functions, it can resort to the support of law enforcement agencies.

Industrial environmental control is carried out by the enterprise itself - the user of natural resources at its facilities in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of environmental legislation in the process of economic and other activities and compliance with established standards in the field of environmental protection, as well as self-examination of rational environmental management at its facilities and the implementation of plans and measures to limit and reduce the impact on the environment.

Municipal environmental control carried out on the territory of the municipality by local self-government bodies or organizations authorized by them.

Public environmental control carried out by public or other non-profit associations in accordance with their statutes, as well as by citizens. Its task is to verify compliance with the requirements of environmental legislation by all legal entities from the ministry to an enterprise, institution or organization, regardless of their form of ownership, and by all officials and citizens.

Monitoring- a system of regular complex long-term observations of the environment, its pollution, occurring natural phenomena, performed according to a given program, as well as an assessment and forecast of subsequent changes. One of the main principles of monitoring is the continuity of tracking. Eco-monitoring is the initial stage of the environmental safety system.

There are 3 levels of territorial coverage of modern monitoring: local (bioecological, sanitary and hygienic); regional (geosystem, natural and economic); global (biosphere, background), including observations of the state of the OS from space - space monitoring.

In the main structural elements of the environment, constant monitoring is carried out for the presence of the following pollutants most dangerous for natural ecosystems and humans:

in the atmospheric air- oxides of sulfur, nitrogen, carbon, suspended solids (aerosols), hydrocarbons, radionuclides, benzopyrene;

in surface waters- petroleum products, phenols, phosphorus and nitrogen compounds, heavy metals, pesticides, mineral salts, and the complex pH is monitored;

in biota- heavy metals, radionuclides, pesticides.

Monitoring of the impact of harmful physical factors such as radiation, noise, EMF and EMR is carried out. First of all, the zones of influence of the corresponding large sources are controlled, namely nuclear power plants, airports, large industrial and transport centers, power plants and power lines, TV and radio centers and repeaters.

There are 2 components of monitoring - abiotic (geophysical) and biotic.

State environmental monitoring is carried out in order to meet the needs of the state, legal entities and individuals in reliable information about the true state of the environment in our country, which is necessary for:

Development of forecasts of socio-economic development and the adoption of appropriate decisions, target programs in the field of environmental protection and related activities;

Preventing and reducing the adverse effects of changing the state of the OS.

Environmental monitoring(environmental monitoring).

Environmental monitoring concept... Environmental monitoring as a system for observing the state of the environment of the Russian Federation, including in areas where sources of pollution and other negative impact on it are located, for the state of individual components of the natural environment (atmosphere, water bodies, lands, soils, forests, wildlife, etc.) ), the level of pollution of the environment and its components, including radioactive contamination.

Timely identification of changes, their assessment, prevention and elimination of the consequences of negative processes as the goal of environmental monitoring.

The main tasks of environmental monitoring: a) observation of the physical occurring in the environment,
chemical, biological processes; b) observation of
the level of pollution of atmospheric air, soil, water bodies: c) monitoring the consequences of the impact of such pollution on flora and fauna; d) providing interested organizations and the population with current and urgent information about changes in the environment and forecasts of its state.

Types of environmental monitoring... Federal, regional and local monitoring. Global environmental monitoring.

Correlation of environmental monitoring with social and hygienic monitoring, monitoring of the social and labor sphere, monitoring of urban planning activities, monitoring the safety of hydraulic structures, enterprises, organizations controlled by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia, monitoring the factors that determine the emergence of threats to Russia's environmental safety.

Environmental quality regulation(environmental regulation). The concept of environmental regulation. State regulation of the impact of economic and other activities on the environment, guaranteeing the preservation of a favorable environment, rational use and reproduction of natural resources, ensuring the environmental safety of the population, as the goal of environmental regulation. The procedure for the development and approval of standards in the field of environmental protection. State bodies carrying out environmental regulation.

Types of environmental regulation.

§ Environmental quality standards. Standards
maximum permissible concentrations of chemical, radioactive,
microbiological substances, maximum permissible levels
harmful physical influences (heat, noise, radiation, etc.)

§ Standards for permissible environmental impact
environment established for users of natural resources (legal
and individuals). Standards of permissible emissions and discharges
substances and microorganisms. Emissions and Discharge Limits
pollutants, the procedure and conditions for their establishment.
Production and consumption waste generation standards and
limits on their placement. Standards for admissible physical
impacts (amount of heat, levels of noise, vibration, ionizing radiation, strength of electromagnetic fields and
other physical influences).

§ Standards for the permissible withdrawal of components of the natural environment.

§ Standards of permissible anthropogenic load on the environment.

§ Technological standards for permissible emissions and discharges of substances and microorganisms. Technical standards for vehicle emissions.

§ Standards for other permissible environmental impact.

§ Standards for the use of agrochemicals and pesticides in agriculture. Standards for the maximum permissible residual amount of chemicals in food.

§ Environmental requirements for products in the standards for new equipment, technologies, materials, substances and other products that can have a harmful effect on the environment (environmental requirements for products).

§ State standards and other regulatory documents in the field of environmental protection. Standards for sanitary, protection zones, sanitary protection zones, suburban green zones.

Correlation of environmental standards with each other and with international standards.

§ Correlation of environmental quality regulation with regulation of the quality of the marine environment of inland sea waters and the territorial sea, regulation in the field of atmospheric air protection, state regulation in the field of radiation safety, regulation in the field of waste management.

§ Correlation of environmental quality regulation with state sanitary and epidemiological regulation.

§ Correlation of environmental quality regulation with state regulation of agricultural land fertility, regulation in the field of use and protection of fauna and its habitat, other types of regulation in the field of use and protection of natural resources.

Legal consequences of violation of the requirements of environmental standards.

Environmental control and supervision.

§ The concept of environmental control and supervision as: a) functions of environmental management; b) legal institute (interdisciplinary and the institute of environmental law); c) guarantees of compliance with environmental laws, compliance with environmental requirements, implementation of environmental programs, plans and activities; d) the legal form of activity in this area.

§ Ensuring the achievement and maintenance of the quality (state) of the environment as a place and condition of life and activity of living and future generations as the goal of environmental control and supervision.

§ Principles of environmental control and supervision: a) the principle of independence of bodies and officials of environmental control and supervision in the implementation of their control activities; b) the principle of minimization (overcoming the multiplicity) of environmental control and supervision bodies; c) the principle of delimiting the functions of legal regulation, control and supervisory functions and functions for the provision of public services and for the management of state property.

§ Own functions of environmental control and supervision: a) informational; b) preventive; c) suppression of environmental offenses.

§ Types of environmental control and supervision: a) state, including federal environmental supervision; b) public environmental control; c) municipal environmental control; d) departmental environmental control; e) industrial environmental control. Preventive, current and subsequent environmental control and supervision.

§ Powers of environmental control and supervision bodies: a) of a preventive nature: b) to suppress environmental offenses; c) on bringing to legal responsibility.

§ Procedure for conducting state environmental control and supervision. Features of the state environmental control and supervision in closed administrative-territorial formations, at high-security, special-mode and especially important facilities of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The procedure for conducting state environmental control and supervision at objects of economic and other activities under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, contributing to transboundary environmental pollution and (or) having a negative impact on the environment within the territories of two or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation (federal control).

§ Bodies of state environmental control and supervision.

§ Correlation of environmental control and supervision with environmental monitoring, environmental impact assessment, environmental audit and other environmental management functions.

§ The rights of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs during state environmental control and supervision and methods of their protection.

Environmental audit(environmental audit). The concept of environmental audit as: a) functions of environmental management; b) entrepreneurial activity. The purpose and objectives of environmental audit.

Auditors. Legal requirements for auditors. Code of Professional Ethics for Auditors. Correlation of environmental audit with independent audit activities in the field of prevention and elimination of emergencies, insurance of liability for harm in the event of an accident at a hazardous production facility. Correlation of environmental audit with audit of subsoil use and other types of audit in the field of natural resources use.

Licensing certain types of activities in the field of environmental protection (environmental licensing).

§ Concept, goals and objectives of environmental licensing.

§ Types of environmental licensing. Licensing of activities for the management of production and consumption waste, including hazardous waste. Licensing in the field of hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring. Other types of environmental licensing.

§ Correlation of licensing in the field of environmental protection with licensing in the field of use and protection of land (including reclaimed land), licensing in the field of use and protection of subsoil, licensing in the field of use and protection of water bodies, licensing of activities on the use of forest resources, licensing in the field of protection and the use of wildlife, licensing of industrial fishing and fish farming, licensing of the collection and sale of raw materials from wild medicinal plants and other types of licensing in the field of use and protection of natural resources.

Environmental certification.

The concept of environmental certification: a) as a function of environmental management; b) as a type of work (services) for environmental protection. Mandatory and voluntary environmental certification.

Ensuring product safety for the environment, ensuring human environmental safety, rational use of natural resources as the goal of environmental certification. Types of certification aimed at achieving environmental goals. Safety certification of hazardous industrial and other facilities. Certification of drinking water, materials, technological processes and equipment used in drinking water supply. Mandatory certification of forest resources, including mandatory certification of standing timber and secondary forest resources and other types of certification.

The procedure for environmental certification.

Practical lesson(6 o'clock)

Questions and tasks

1. State environmental monitoring.

2. Environmental control: concept, types. The system of state environmental control bodies, their powers.

3. Environmental audit and activities in the field of environmental management.

3. Environmental regulation. Types of environmental standards and their legal significance. Technical regulation of product quality, production processes and environmental protection.

4. Environmental licensing.

5. Environmental certification.

Tasks

Problem 1... The head of the business company has an intention to carry out the following activities in order to make a profit:

Waste management activities, organization of work on production and consumption waste management;

Activities for the collection, transportation, disposal, disposal of sludge from treatment facilities of local drainage networks, treatment facilities of subscribers of the city drainage network and car washes, production facilities;

Carrying out works on the reclamation of landfills and landfills for the disposal of production and consumption waste;

Activities for the collection, utilization, storage, movement, burial, destruction of materials and substances, including hazardous (except for radioactive);

Environmental certification of production, economic and other facilities;

Environmental certification of industries, technological processes, equipment, products, production waste;

Environmental auditing of production, economic and other facilities, technological equipment, conditions for conducting activities subject to licensing;

Environmental training, advanced training and professional retraining of specialists of enterprises, organizations, entrepreneurs and individuals in the field of environmental knowledge;

Development of the "Environmental Protection" section as part of design documentation for construction, expansion, reconstruction of economic and industrial facilities, urban planning documentation;

Development of draft standards for maximum permissible and temporarily agreed emissions of pollutants into the air (including radioactive ones) and discharges into water bodies; standards for vibration, noise and other types of physical impact on the environment; limits for the disposal of production and consumption waste;

Conducting an environmental impact assessment in the development of design documentation for production, economic and other facilities and complexes;

Development of environmental justifications for conducting (expanding, changing) economic and other activities;

Assessment of environmental safety of materials, substances, technologies, equipment;

Works and services for the elimination of environmental consequences caused by man-made and natural emergencies;

Carrying out works to restore the fertility of reclaimed lands, implement anti-erosion measures;

Landscaping works;

Carrying out work on the improvement and reconstruction of water bodies, carrying out dredging and other works on water bodies, extracting sunken wood and other items;

Installation of instruments, measuring instruments, environmental protection devices;

Installation and operation of instruments and measuring instruments for monitoring the state of the environment;

Environmental consulting.

When discussing these types of activities at the meeting, the question arose whether it was necessary to obtain a license to carry out these types of activities. The legal adviser of the company believed that since these types of activities are not listed in Art. 17 of the Federal Law "On Licensing Certain Types of Activities", they are not subject to licensing. At the same time, it was decided to appeal to the Moskompriroda for clarification.

Moskompriroda received an answer that the listed activities are included in the list of activities in the field of environmental protection subject to licensing, which is contained in the Procedure for Licensing Certain Activities in the Field of Environmental Protection in Moscow, approved by order of Moskompriroda dated January 27, 2000 # 24, therefore they are licensed.

Is the explanation given by Moskompriroda legal and substantiated?

Objective 2. In one of the regions of the Far North, the regional fisheries inspectorate discovered a large oil slick on the surface of the reservoir. The check showed that it was formed as a result of a leak in one of the tanks of the fuel and lubricants warehouse. The Territorial Committee for Water Resources filed a claim for compensation for damage to the environment. The defendant did not admit the claim, referring to the fact that the fuel storage technology was not violated. An examination ordered by the arbitration court established that the leak in the tank arose due to the unsuitability of the material from which it was made for operation in the Far North. However, the tanks were manufactured and installed in the warehouse according to the project.

What other measures stipulated by law can be taken by state environmental control bodies?

Who should be held responsible in this case?

Environmental control is the most important legal measure to ensure rational use of natural resources and environmental protection from harmful influences, a function of public administration and a legal institution of environmental law. Based on the role of environmental control in the mechanism of environmental protection, it can be assessed as the most important legal measure. It is through environmental control that the enforcement of the relevant subjects of environmental law to comply with environmental requirements is mainly ensured. Quite often, measures of legal responsibility for environmental offenses are applied in the process of environmental control or on the basis of its results.

Earlier it was emphasized that the function of environmental control is also carried out in the implementation of other legal measures to ensure rational use of natural resources and environmental protection - environmental regulation, environmental expertise, environmental licensing, environmental certification. But within the framework of all these areas of activity, environmental control, i.e. ensuring the fulfillment of environmental and legal requirements is carried out objectively, incidentally, in relation to each of the named types of activity. The implementation of any of these measures, as well as environmental control, is an independent, purposeful activity of specially authorized state bodies, carried out within the framework of an established procedure, on the basis of special legal norms and aimed at solving their tasks.

Russian administrative law distinguishes two types of control activities - control and supervision. Environmental control refers to the activities of authorized entities to verify compliance with and compliance with the requirements of environmental legislation. Administrative supervision is a specific form of government control. Its essence is to monitor the implementation of environmental regulations in force in the field of management. Supervision is carried out in relation to executive authorities, enterprises, public formations and citizens.

Environmental control as a legal measure performs a number of functions - preventive, informational and punitive.

The role of the preventive function lies in the fact that the subjects of environmental control, knowing about the possible verification of their compliance with legal environmental requirements, independently show activity in fulfilling the requirements of the legislation and preventing violations. The information function is associated with the fact that in the process of control, the relevant authorities and persons collect a variety of information about the environmental protection activities of controlled and supervised objects. The punitive function is manifested in the application of sanctions stipulated by legislation to violators of legal environmental requirements.

In the environmental practice of Russia, the following types of environmental control are distinguished: state, departmental, industrial, municipal, public. The criteria for such a classification are the entity on whose behalf the control is carried out and the scope of the control.

Environmental monitoring is a system of long-term observation of the state of the environment, assessment and forecast of changes in its state under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. In accordance with the legislation, both the environment as a whole and its individual components - land, water, atmospheric air and other natural objects - are monitored.

The organization and conduct of environmental monitoring is regulated by many acts of environmental legislation at the level of the Russian Federation and its constituent entities, including the Laws on Environmental Protection (Article 63), on the Hydrometeorological Service, on Subsoil (Article 36.1), on the Protection of Atmospheric Air (Article 23 ), on the animal world (article 15), on internal sea waters, the territorial sea and the contiguous zone of the Russian Federation (article 36), the Land Code of the Russian Federation (article 67), the Water Code of the Russian Federation (article 78), the Forest Code of the Russian Federation (Art. 69). The Law on the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population provides for the conduct of social and hygienic monitoring (Article 45), containing elements of environmental monitoring.

The legislation establishes the obligation to conduct state and non-state monitoring of the environment. Thus, the Regulation on the assessment of the impact of planned economic and other activities on the environment in the Russian Federation obliges legal entities and citizens-entrepreneurs to develop proposals for an environmental monitoring program at all stages of the implementation of planned economic and other activities.

Some general and basic provisions on environmental monitoring are formulated in the Law on Environmental Protection. According to Art. 63 state monitoring of the environment is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in order to monitor the state of the environment, as well as to meet the needs of the state, legal entities and individuals in reliable information necessary to prevent and (or) reduce the adverse consequences of a change in the state of the environment ... The procedure for the organization and implementation of state environmental monitoring is established by the Government of the Russian Federation. Information about the state of the environment, its changes, obtained during the implementation of state monitoring of the environment, is used by the state authorities of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local authorities for the development of forecasts of socio-economic development and the adoption of appropriate decisions, the development of federal programs in the field of environmental development of the Russian Federation, target programs in the field of environmental protection of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and measures for environmental protection.

In order to increase the efficiency of work to preserve and improve the state of the environment, by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 24, 1993, the Unified State System of Environmental Monitoring was created. All specially authorized state bodies in the field of environmental protection and the use of natural resources participate in it.

The most solid monitoring base is possessed by Roshydromet, which is a specially authorized state body in this area. Thus, in 1998, observations of the state of the atmosphere were carried out regularly at 602 stationary posts in 238 cities and towns of Russia. In most cities, concentrations of 5 to 25 substances are measured.

Soil sampling was carried out in 176 farms located on the territory of 36 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In the selected samples, 21 names of pesticides are determined.

Over 120 water bodies with 156 control points have been monitored by hydrochemical indicators of pollution of surface waters of the land. The observation program includes from 2 to 6 indicators 1.

Industrial environmental monitoring is developing, i.e. monitoring carried out by enterprises. For example, since October 1995, a monitoring system has been created at JSC Gazprom. During its design, monitoring of sources of pollution, volumes of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere and discharge of wastewater are provided; information interaction with the territorial services of Roshydromet, the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia and other bodies.

One of the main results of environmental monitoring is obtaining data on its state. The Law on Hydrometeorological Service provides for the creation unified state fund of data on the state of the environment, its pollution(v. 15). The unified state data fund is an ordered, constantly updated set of documented information on the state of the environment, its pollution, obtained as a result of the activities of the Federal Service of Russia for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, other interested federal executive bodies, their territorial bodies, executive bodies subjects of the Russian Federation, individuals and legal entities (regardless of their organizational and legal form) in the field of hydrometeorology and related fields (meteorology, climatology, agrometeorology, hydrology, oceanology, heliogeophysics), monitoring of the state of the environment, its pollution. It is formed on the basis of collection, processing, accounting, storage and dissemination of documented information on the state of the environment, its pollution. The creation and maintenance of a unified state fund of data on the state of the environment and its pollution is regulated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 21, 1999 No.

In accordance with the Law on the Hydrometeorological Service, information on the state of the environment and its pollution is provided to users (consumers) free of charge, as well as on the basis of contracts (Article 17). The Regulation on Information Services in the Field of Hydrometeorology and Monitoring of Environmental Pollution, approved by the RF Government Decree of November 15, 1997, specifies the conditions for providing information. Free information in the field of hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring of general purpose is provided to the state authorities of the Russian Federation and its subjects, to the bodies of the unified state system for the prevention and elimination of emergencies. Other users (consumers) information in the field of hydrometeorology and monitoring of the surrounding natural

general purpose environment is provided for a fee in the amount that reimburses the costs of its preparation, copying and transmission over the networks of electrical and postal communications.

Environmental monitoring data serve as the basis for maintaining state cadastres of natural resources, as well as for making environmentally significant economic and other decisions.

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Environmental control and monitoring

Environmental control and monitoring are independent institutions of environmental law. Environmental control is control over environmental protection, that is, control over activities. This legal measure is aimed at compliance with environmental legislation and environmental requirements by business entities and other activities, regardless of their organizational and legal form and subordination, that have a negative impact on the environment (Article 5 of the Federal Law "On Environmental Protection").

The state environmental control includes control over the protection and use of certain natural resources - lands, waters, forests, bowels, wildlife, atmospheric air. Requirements for environmental control are available in the RF LC, FZ "On the protection of atmospheric air", "On production and consumption waste",
"On radiation safety".

The Law of the City of Moscow dated May 12, 2004 No. 32 "On State Environmental Control in the City of Moscow" was intended to regulate these relations. To increase the preventive role of the law, higher penalties were established in comparison with those introduced by the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. State environmental control is carried out by state inspectors, whose responsibilities include conducting scheduled and unscheduled inspections, analyzing data from environmental monitoring and environmental audit, and examining the state of objects of state environmental control.

However, due to changes in federal legislation, the law has undergone changes. It excludes the norms that entitle state inspectors of the city of Moscow for the protection of nature to the right to restrict or suspend the activities of economic entities if they violate the legislation on environmental protection. This change is associated with the adoption of the Federal Law of May 9, 2005 No. 45 "On Amendments to the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation and Other Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation, as well as on the recognition as invalid of some provisions of legislative acts of the Russian Federation", which introduced a new type administrative penalty - administrative suspension of activities, imposed only by the court.

In order to bring Moscow legislation in line with the federal law, the Law of the City of Moscow dated July 6, 2005 No. 36 "On Amendments to the Law of the City of Moscow No. 32" On State Environmental Control in the City of Moscow "dated May 12, 2004 was adopted.

Later, the law was amended to bring it in line with the developing federal legislation in this area.

Unlike environmental control, state environmental monitoring is control over the state of the environment. According to Art. 1 of the Federal Law "On Environmental Protection", environmental monitoring is a complex system for observing the state of the environment, assessing and forecasting changes in the state of the environment under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. Chapter X of the Federal Law "On Environmental Protection" is devoted to this procedure.

The procedure for organizing and carrying out state environmental monitoring is established by the Regulation approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 31
2003 № 177 "On the organization and implementation of state environmental monitoring (state environmental monitoring".

Depending on the territory of observation, environmental monitoring is subdivided into federal, regional and local.

The Moscow City Law of October 20, 2004 No. 65 “On Environmental Monitoring in the City of Moscow” approved the organizational and legal framework and principles of environmental monitoring, established administrative responsibility for violation of environmental legislation in terms of environmental monitoring.

Environmental monitoring data are used by public authorities in order to ensure the environmental safety of the population, promptly identify violations of environmental requirements, monitor in real time salvo emissions, discharges, identify the causes or culprits of increased pollution, as well as to develop forecasts of socio-economic development, environmental programs, and individual measures for environmental protection.

These two laws of the city of Moscow form a single block designed to solve a set of environmental problems.

Table of contents
Ecology and environmental legislation of Moscow
DIDACTIC PLAN
Preconditions for the emergence of environmental law
Environmental law as a branch of Russian law
The relationship between environmental law and environmental legislation
All-Russian normative legal acts
Normative legal acts of Moscow
Environmental safety concept
The state of health of the population of Moscow
Emergency environmental situations on the territory of Moscow
The concept of public administration in the environmental sphere
The system and competence of state bodies regulating natural resource use and environmental protection
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Moscow Government
Environmental control and monitoring
Rationing and technical regulation of economic and other activities from the standpoint of environmental interests
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Expertise
Legal framework for environmental insurance
Payment for environmental pollution
Environmental audit
The concept of environmental offenses
Types of liability for environmental offenses
Environmental crimes
Environmental functions of the internal affairs bodies
Environmental activity of the prosecutor's office
Environmental activity of courts
Indicators (standards) of atmospheric air quality
The current state of the air basin in Moscow
Measures for the protection of atmospheric air in Moscow
Legal framework for air quality management
Urban noise and legal measures to combat it
Basic concepts and terms
Legal framework for the regulation of the radiation regime in Moscow
The current state of water bodies in Moscow

Executive authorities in the field of environmental protection

Legislation

news

Administrative Offenses and Responsibility in the Field of Environmental Protection

FAQ

Questions and answers

Feedback and Acknowledgments

useful links

development of environmental documentation, waste data sheets, PNOOLR

Our contacts:

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10, Business Center "Technopark Litovskaya 10",

[email protected]

What is the difference between the concepts of "Environmental monitoring" and "Environmental control"?

In the implementation of environmental monitoring and environmental control, a common functional element is the conduct of observations and assessment of the obtained data on the parameters (characteristics) of the observed object. However, within the framework of these two concepts, the objects that are being observed are significantly different, as well as the subsequent functions implemented on the basis of the information received.

In environmental control, the objects of observation are anthropogenic objects (sources of emissions and discharges of harmful substances) or economic activity in general. In the course of environmental control, a control effect is carried out on the observed object, aimed at bringing it into line with predetermined parameters. Thus, the inspector of the regulatory body, while measuring the concentrations of pollutants in the source of emissions or discharges of the enterprise, reveals the excess of the established norms of MPE or VAT. On this fact, he issues an order to the management of the enterprise to eliminate the violation by bringing the parameters of emissions (discharges) in accordance with the standards (improvement of treatment equipment, technological production processes, etc.).

In environmental monitoring (ecological monitoring), the objects of observation are atmospheric air, surface water and soils, etc. The purpose of the observations is to obtain objective data on the state of these components of the natural environment, to predict their possible changes in time and space under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. Objectives of monitoring - monitoring the state of the environment, identifying and predicting negative changes and timely submission of information in the prescribed manner. In this case, the identification of any deviations in the state of atmospheric air, surface water, soil (for example, exceeding the maximum permissible concentration of pollutants) is a signal for taking control actions to minimize the consequences of negative changes. v the state of the environment for human health and the state of ecosystems (especially in case of emergency pollution).

Thus, in contrast to environmental control, in environmental monitoring, it is impossible to exert direct (direct) control action on the observed objects. Therefore, in monitoring, instead of this function, tasks are implemented to predict changes in the state of the observed objects.

Despite the fact that environmental control and environmental monitoring are different concepts, ultimately both systems are aimed at preventing environmental pollution.